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Cited by 477

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 110 of the 110 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Biological effects and medical applications of infrared radiation

Open access
Tsai, Shang-Ru, Hamblin, Michael R.·2017·Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Abstract

Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 760 nm and 100,000 nm. Low-level light therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy generally employs light at red and near-infrared wavelengths (600–100 nm) to modulate biological activity. Many factors, conditions, and parameters influence the therapeutic effects of IR, including fluence, irradiance, treatment timing and repetition, pulsing, and wavelength. Increasing evidence suggests that IR can carry out photostimulation and photobiomodulation effects particularly benefiting neural stimulation, wound healing, and cancer treatment. Nerve cells respond particularly well to IR, which has been proposed for a range of neurostimulation and neuromodulation applications, and recent progress in neural stimulation and regeneration are discussed in this review. The applications of IR therapy have moved on rapidly in recent years. For example, IR therapy has been developed that does not actually require an external power source, such as IR-emitting materials, and garments that can be powered by body heat alone. Another area of interest is the possible involvement of solar IR radiation in photoaging or photorejuvenation as opposites sides of the coin, and whether sunscreens should protect against solar IR? A better understanding of new developments and biological implications of IR could help us to improve therapeutic effectiveness or develop new methods of PBM using IR wavelengths.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.04.014

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Metadata

Authors
Tsai, S.-R., & Hamblin, M. R.
Venue
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-05
Volume
170
Pages
197-207
ISSN
1011-1344 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2607303579
Cited by
477
References
110
FWCI
20.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Biological effects and medical applications of infrared radiation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.04.014
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Tsai, S.-R., & Hamblin, M. R. (2017). Biological effects and medical applications of infrared radiation. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.04.014

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.