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Cited by 131Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyPersonality Traits and PsychologyPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

Interpersonal problems associated with narcissism among psychiatric outpatients

Ogrodniczuk, John S., Piper, William E., Joyce, Anthony S., Steinberg, Paul I., Duggal, Satna·2009·Journal of Psychiatric Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.12.005
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Abstract

Narcissistic personality disorder is the subject of extensive discussion in the literature. Yet, the validity of this diagnostic category remains questionable. This is owed, in large part, to the relative absence of empirical work that has examined narcissism in clinical samples. Descriptions and findings from studies involving non-clinical samples suggest that narcissism is associated with considerable interpersonal impairment. The objective of the present study was to examine this possibility in a sample of psychiatric outpatients. Consecutively admitted patients (N=240) to a day treatment program completed measures of narcissism, interpersonal problems, and general psychiatric distress. Patients were categorized into high, moderate, and low narcissism groups. The groups were compared on overall interpersonal impairment, as well as on particular domains of interpersonal behavior. Treatment duration and discharge status were also compared among the three groups. Analysis of covariance and chi-square analyses were used. At baseline, higher levels of narcissism were significantly associated with greater interpersonal impairment. The interpersonal style of the more narcissistic patients was particularly characterized by domineering, vindictive, and intrusive behavior. At post-treatment, only the association between narcissism and intrusive behavior remained significant. Change in interpersonal difficulties following treatment did not differ significantly among the groups. However, failure to complete treatment was associated with narcissism. The results underscore the interpersonal impairment associated with narcissism and support the notion of narcissistic personality disorder as a valid diagnostic category.

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  • Narcissistic individuals regulate their self-esteem through interpersonal dominance, denial of any form of reliance or dependency on others, and devaluation of others for not meeting expectations or for threatening their sense of superiority.

    “It has been suggested that narcissistic individuals regulate their self-esteem through interpersonal dominance, denial of any form of reliance or dependency on others, and devaluation of others for not meeting expectations or for threatening their sense of superiority [13, 29, 64].”

    From “It’s not you, it’s me”: identity disturbance as the main contributor to interpersonal problems in pathological narcissism (2023) · cites this paper as [64]

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Authors
Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Piper, W. E., Joyce, A. S., Steinberg, P. I., & Duggal, S.
Affiliations
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • University of Alberta (CA)
Corresponding author
Ogrodniczuk, John S.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Psychiatric Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-06
Volume
43
Issue
9
Pages
837-842
ISSN
0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.12.005
OpenAlex
W2117238215
Cited by
130
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
FWCI
7.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of Alberta
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords
narcissism, narcissistic personality disorder, interpersonal problems, psychiatric outpatients, day treatment, treatment completion, vindictiveness, psychiatric distress, diagnostic validity
MeSH terms
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Mental Disorders, Canada, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Narcissism, Outpatients, Personality Assessment, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Severity of Illness Index

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