Sleep in Normal Aging

Li, Junxin; Vitiello, Michael V.; Gooneratne, Nalaka S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.09.001

Cited by 742Sleep and related disordersSleep and Wakefulness ResearchCircadian rhythm and melatonin

Sleep in Normal Aging

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Li, Junxin, Vitiello, Michael V., Gooneratne, Nalaka S.·2018·Sleep Medicine Clinics

DOI 10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.09.001PMC PMC5841578

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Abstract

Sleep patterns change with aging, independent of other factors, and include advanced sleep timing, shortened nocturnal sleep duration, increased frequency of daytime naps, increased number of nocturnal awakenings and time spent awake during the night, and decreased slow wave sleep. Most of these changes seem to occur between young and middle adulthood; sleep parameters remain largely unchanged among healthy older adults. The circadian system and sleep homeostatic mechanisms become less robust with normal aging. The amount and pattern of sleep-related hormone secretion change as well. The causes of sleep disturbances in older adults are multifactorial.

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Sleep need decreases with older age.
“An important consideration in determining accumulated sleep debt is that sleep need itself decreases with older age.”
From Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
The Sleep duration section reports that total sleep time generally decreases with age, but says the decline tends to plateau after about age 60. Changes in sleep homeostasis reports reduced sleep pressure with aging. Neither section establishes that sleep need itself decreases; sleeping less is not necessarily needing less sleep. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The proportion of slow wave sleep and REM sleep decreases while the proportion of stage 1 and 2 sleep increases before age 60, but is stable thereafter.
“Sleep architecture changes analogously over this age period: the proportion of SWS and REM sleep decreases while the proportion of stage 1 and 2 sleep increases before age 60, but is stable thereafter.”
From Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
The Sleep stages section reports the stated age-related shifts and says they were not significant among healthy adults over 60. But it also reports a small decline in REM sleep through age 75 in another meta-analysis, so the unqualified statement that all four proportions are stable after 60 overstates the source. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Sleep need decreases with age, but only up to 60 years, after which sleep need remains stable.
“This is because sleep need decreases with age, but only up to 60 years, after which sleep need remains stable.”
From Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
The Sleep duration section reports that total sleep time decreases with age and plateaus after about 60, particularly among healthy older adults. That supports the age pattern, but the paper describes time slept, not a decrease in how much sleep people need. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Total sleep time decreases by 10-12 min for each decade of life from age 20 to 60 years, but does not change thereafter.
“Meta-analyses of cross-sectional studies of healthy adults show that total sleep time decreases by 10–12 min for each decade of life from age 20 to 60 years, but does not change thereafter [18].”
From Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men (2022) · cites this paper as [18]

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Authors: Li, J., Vitiello, M. V., & Gooneratne, N. S.
Affiliations: University of Pennsylvania (US)
University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Li, Junxin
ORCID: Li, Junxin
Vitiello, Michael V.
Gooneratne, Nalaka S.
Venue: Sleep Medicine Clinics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-03
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-11
ISSN: 1556-407X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.09.001
PMC: PMC5841578
OpenAlex: W2081413435
Cited by: 742
References: 120
Citations by year: 2026: 80 · 2025: 108 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 87 · 2021: 107 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 3.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Sleep Medicine Clinics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007953)
National Institute of Nursing Research (K99NR016484)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords: normal aging, sleep timing, nighttime sleep duration, daytime napping, nocturnal awakenings, slow-wave sleep, circadian rhythm, sleep homeostasis, sleep hormones
MeSH terms: Aged, Aging, Circadian Rhythm, Environment, Homeostasis, Humans, Life Style, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Sleep Stages, Wakefulness, Social Participation

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