Nocturnal Cortisol Release in Relation to Sleep Structure
Abstract
The relationship between the temporal organization of cortisol secretion and sleep structure is controversial. To determine whether the cortisol profile is modified by 4 hours of sleep deprivation, which shifts slow-wave sleep (SWS) episodes, 12 normal men were studied during a reference night, a sleep deprivation night and a recovery night. Plasma cortisol was measured in 10-minute blood samples. Analysis of the nocturnal cortisol profiles and the concomitant patterns of sleep stage distribution indicates that the cortisol profile is not influenced by sleep deprivation. Neither the starting time of the cortisol increase nor the mean number and amplitude of pulses was significantly different between the three nights. SWS episodes were significantly associated with declining plasma cortisol levels (p less than 0.01). This was especially revealed after sleep deprivation, as SWS episodes were particularly present during the second half of the night, a period of enhanced cortisol secretion. In 73% of cases, rapid eye movement sleep phases started when cortisol was reflecting diminished adrenocortical activity. Cortisol increases were not concomitant with a specific sleep stage but generally accompanied prolonged waking periods. These findings tend to imply that cortisol-releasing mechanisms may be involved in the regulation of sleep.
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A consistent temporal association exists between low cortisol levels and high slow-wave sleep (SWS).
“A consistent temporal association between low cortisol levels and high SWS has been demonstrated [41].”
From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
Cortisol levels decrease in the first 20 minutes after the onset of SWS.
“Cortisol levels have been shown to decrease in the first 20 minutes after the onset of SWS [41]”
From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
Some authors have reported no change or even a slight decrease in cortisol levels after one or several nights of total sleep deprivation.
“Indeed, some authors have reported no change [41, 43, 74, 75] or even a slight decrease in cortisol levels [76, 77] after one or several nights of total sleep deprivation.”
From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [41]
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- Authors
- Follenius, M., Brandenberger, G., Bandesapt, J. J., Libert, J. P., & Ehrhart, J.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Follenius, M.
- ORCID
- Libert, J. P.
- Venue
- Sleep
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1992-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-27
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- OpenAlex
- W96537532
- Cited by
- 185
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- sleep architecture, sleep deprivation, slow-wave sleep, REM sleep, plasma cortisol, cortisol secretion, adrenocortical function, sleep regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arousal, Cerebral Cortex, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Pituitary Gland, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Stages, Sleep, REM
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