Cited by 355Regulation of Appetite and ObesityGenetic Associations and EpidemiologyNutrition, Genetics, and Disease

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Genetics and epigenetics in obesity

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Rohde, Kerstin, Keller, Maria, la Cour Poulsen, Lars, Blüher, Matthias, Kovacs, Peter, Böttcher, Yvonne·2019·Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.007

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Abstract

Obesity is among the most threatening health burdens worldwide and its prevalence has markedly increased over the last decades. Obesity maybe considered a heritable trait. Identifications of rare cases of monogenic obesity unveiled that hypothalamic circuits and the brain-adipose axis play an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, appetite, hunger and satiety. For example, mutations in the leptin gene cause obesity through almost unsuppressed overeating. Common (multifactorial) obesity, most likely resulting from a concerted interplay of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, is clearly linked to genetic predisposition by multiple risk variants, which, however only account for a minor part of the general BMI variability. Although GWAS opened new avenues in elucidating the complex genetics behind common obesity, understanding the biological mechanisms relative to the specific risk contributing to obesity remains poorly understood. Non-genetic factors such as eating behavior or physical activity strongly modulate the individual risk for developing obesity. These factors may interact with genetic predisposition for obesity through epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, here, we review the current knowledge about monogenic and common (multifactorial) obesity highlighting the important recent advances in our knowledge on how epigenetic regulation is involved in the etiology of obesity.

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Authors: Rohde, K., Keller, M., la Cour Poulsen, L., Blüher, M., Kovacs, P., & Böttcher, Y.
Affiliations: University of Oslo (NO)
IFB Adiposity Diseases (DE)
Leipzig University (DE)
Corresponding author: Rohde, Kerstin
Keller, Maria
Blüher, Matthias
Kovacs, Peter
Böttcher, Yvonne
ORCID: Rohde, Kerstin
Keller, Maria
Blüher, Matthias
Kovacs, Peter
Böttcher, Yvonne
Venue: Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-03
Volume: 92
Pages: 37-50
ISSN: 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.007
OpenAlex: W2898859410
Cited by: 355
References: 154
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 21
FWCI: 5.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: BMBF (FKZ: 01EO1501)
European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND)
Helse Sør-Øst
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Keywords: obesity, monogenic obesity, epigenetics, genetic susceptibility, leptin, hypothalamic circuits, energy homeostasis, appetite and satiety, genetic risk variants, dietary habits, physical activity, gene-environment interaction
MeSH terms: Humans, Obesity, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Epigenesis, Genetic, Precision Medicine

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