The Evf2 ultraconserved enhancer lncRNA functionally and spatially organizes megabase distant genes in the developing forebrain
Open accessAbstract
Gene regulation requires selective targeting of DNA regulatory enhancers over megabase distances. Here we show that Evf2, a cloud-forming Dlx5/6 ultraconserved enhancer (UCE) lncRNA, simultaneously localizes to activated (Umad1, 1.6 Mb distant) and repressed (Akr1b8, 27 Mb distant) chr6 target genes, precisely regulating UCE-gene distances and cohesin binding in mouse embryonic forebrain GABAergic interneurons (INs). Transgene expression of Evf2 activates Lsm8 (12 Mb distant) but fails to repress Akr1b8, supporting trans activation and long-range cis repression. Through both short-range (Dlx6 antisense) and long-range (Akr1b8) repression, the Evf2-5'UCE links homeodomain and mevalonate pathway-regulated enhancers to IN diversity. The Evf2-3' end is required for long-range activation but dispensable for RNA cloud localization, functionally dividing the RNA into 3'-activator and 5'UCE repressor and targeting regions. Together, these results support that Evf2 selectively regulates UCE interactions with multi-megabase distant genes through complex effects on chromosome topology, linking lncRNA-dependent topological and transcriptional control with interneuron diversity and seizure susceptibility.
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DLX5/6-N-Haplotype covers the complete sequence of DLX6, the DLX5/6 intergenic region, the second intron and third exon of DLX5, three known enhancers for brain expression of DLX5/6 (I56i, I56ii, and Mef2-BA), and the three first exons of the long noncoding RNA asDLX6nc.
“The DLX5/6-N-Haplotype covers the complete sequence of DLX6, the DLX5/6 intergenic region, the second intron and third exon of DLX5, three known enhancers for brain expression of DLX5/6: I56i, I56ii, and Mef2-BA (Birnbaum, et al. 2012), and the three first exons of the long noncoding RNA asDLX6nc, which has been implicated in GABAergic neuronal differentiation (Cajigas, et al. 2018).”
From <i>DLX5/6</i> GABAergic Expression Affects Social Vocalization: Implications for Human Evolution (2021) · cites this paper as Cajigas, et al. 2018
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Long-range enhancer–promoter contacts in gene expression control
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<i>DLX5/6</i> GABAergic Expression Affects Social Vocalization: Implications for Human Evolution
Levi, G., de Lombares, C., Giuliani, C., Iannuzzi, V., Aouci, R., Garagnani, P., Franceschi, C., Grimaud-Hervé, D., & Narboux-Nême, N. (2021) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msab181 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cajigas, I., Chakraborty, A., Swyter, K. R., Luo, H., Bastidas, M., Nigro, M., Morris, E. R., Chen, S., VanGompel, M. J. W., Leib, D., Kohtz, S. J., Martina, M., Koh, S., Ay, F., & Kohtz, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kohtz, Jhumku D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 956-972.e9
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6428050
- OpenAlex
- W2888282391
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIMH (R01MH094653, R01MH111267)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- long non-coding RNA, GABAergic interneurons, forebrain development, chromosome topology, mevalonate pathway, interneuron diversity, seizure susceptibility, enhancer repression, enhancer activation
- MeSH terms
- Cohesins, Alcohol Oxidoreductases, Animals, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Interneurons, Transcription Factors, Prosencephalon, Conserved Sequence, Homeodomain Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Cycle Proteins, Mice, Neurogenesis, RNA, Long Noncoding
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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