Sleep disturbance induces neuroinflammation and impairment of learning and memory
Open accessAbstract
Hospitalized patients can develop cognitive function decline, the mechanisms of which remain largely to be determined. Sleep disturbance often occurs in hospitalized patients, and neuroinflammation can induce learning and memory impairment. We therefore set out to determine whether sleep disturbance can induce neuroinflammation and impairment of learning and memory in rodents. Five to 6-month-old wild-type C57BL/6J male mice were used in the studies. The mice were placed in rocking cages for 24 h, and two rolling balls were present in each cage. The mice were tested for learning and memory function using the Fear Conditioning Test one and 7 days post-sleep disturbance. Neuroinflammation in the mouse brain tissues was also determined. Of the Fear Conditioning studies at one day and 7 days after sleep disturbance, twenty-four hour sleep disturbance decreased freezing time in the context test, which assesses hippocampus-dependent learning and memory; but not the tone test, which assesses hippocampus-independent learning and memory. Sleep disturbance increased pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 levels and induced microglia activation in the mouse hippocampus, but not the cortex. These results suggest that sleep disturbance induces neuroinflammation in the mouse hippocampus, and impairs hippocampus-dependent learning and memory in mice. Pending further studies, these findings suggest that sleep disturbance-induced neuroinflammation and impairment of learning and memory may contribute to the development of cognitive function decline in hospitalized patients.
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Biological mechanisms include neuroinflammation, atherosclerosis, alpha-synucleinopathies, and impaired amyloidβ clearance.
“Biological mechanisms include neuroinflammation,(312) atherosclerosis,(313) alpha-synucleinopathies (dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia),(314) and impaired amyloidβ clearance. (315)”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [312]
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- Authors
- Zhu, B., Dong, Y., Xu, Z., Gompf, H. S., Ward, S. A. P., Xue, Z., Miao, C., Zhang, Y., Chamberlin, N. L., & Xie, Z.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Xie, Zhongcong
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Disease
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-12
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 348-355
- ISSN
- 0969-9961 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3461115
- OpenAlex
- W2076263589
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Cure Alzheimer's Fund, USA (R21AG029856, R21AG038994, R01 GM088801)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- sleep disorders, neuroinflammation, learning and memory impairment, hippocampal-dependent memory, microglial activation, interleukin-6, inflammatory cytokines, fear conditioning
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cognition Disorders, Hippocampus, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation, Learning, Male, Memory, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Sleep, Blotting, Western, Interleukin-6, Mice
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