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Body ownership and embodiment: Vestibular and multisensory mechanisms
Open accessAbstract
Body ownership and embodiment are two fundamental mechanisms of self-consciousness. The present article reviews neurological data about paroxysmal illusions during which body ownership and embodiment are affected differentially: autoscopic phenomena (out-of-body experience, heautoscopy, autoscopic hallucination, feeling-of-a-presence) and the room tilt illusion. We suggest that autoscopic phenomena and room tilt illusion are related to different types of failures to integrate body-related information (vestibular, proprioceptive and tactile cues) in addition to a mismatch between vestibular and visual references. In these patients, altered body ownership and embodiment has been shown to occur due to pathological activity at the temporoparietal junction and other vestibular-related areas arguing for a key importance of vestibular processing. We also review the possibilities of manipulating body ownership and embodiment in healthy subjects through exposition to weightlessness as well as caloric and galvanic stimulation of the peripheral vestibular apparatus. In healthy subjects, disturbed self-processing might be related to interference of vestibular stimulation with vestibular cortex leading to disintegration of bodily information and altered body ownership and embodiment. We finally propose a differential contribution of the vestibular cortical areas to the different forms of altered body ownership and embodiment.
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“In addition, the vestibular system is a subconscious system that consistently monitors one’s position in gravitational space through the simultaneous acquisition of exteroceptive and interoceptive sensory information at the level of the brainstem vestibular nuclei (Guldin and Grüsser, 1998; Lopez et al., 2008; Pfeiffer et al., 2014).”
From How Processing of Sensory Information From the Internal and External Worlds Shape the Perception and Engagement With the World in the Aftermath of Trauma: Implications for PTSD (2021) · cites this paper as Lopez et al., 2008
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“Exteroceptive sensory information is continuously acquired from the environment to inform the relationship between one’s self and surroundings (Lopez et al., 2008; Hitier et al., 2014).”
From How Processing of Sensory Information From the Internal and External Worlds Shape the Perception and Engagement With the World in the Aftermath of Trauma: Implications for PTSD (2021) · cites this paper as Lopez et al., 2008
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“Another sensory system important for global body representation and MPS is the vestibular system because it encodes translation and rotation of the body in addition to orientation with respect to gravity [45,46].”
From Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood (2009) · cites this paper as [45]
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“Autoscopic phenomena show that not only identification with and localization of body parts but also the conscious representation of the entire body and MPS can be disturbed [45] (Box 2).”
From Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood (2009) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“The TPJ is an important multisensory area, integrating inputs from the tactile, proprioceptive and visual systems, and, critically, from the vestibular system (Blanke & Arzy, 2005;Lopez & Blanke, 2011;Lopez, Halje, & Blanke, 2008).”
From Bodily ownership and self-location: Components of bodily self-consciousness (2013) · cites this paper as Lopez, Halje, & Blanke, 2008
In the citing paper
“As documented above, TPJ activity is necessary for computing self-location and visuo-spatial perspective, because it receives converging visual, tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular signals about body orientation with respect to the environment (Blanke & Arzy, 2005;Bottini et al., 2001;Lopez et al., 2008).”
From Bodily ownership and self-location: Components of bodily self-consciousness (2013) · cites this paper as Lopez et al., 2008
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lopez, C., Halje, P., & Blanke, O.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Blanke, O.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 149-161
- ISSN
- 0987-7053 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091892781
- Semantic Scholar
- 66a6bd65c9f5420f7ca4fd58c630852054e1e99b
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 124
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 3.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neurophysiologie Clinique (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Cogito Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (112493, 3100A0)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- body ownership, embodiment, self-consciousness, out-of-body experiences, vestibular processing, multisensory integration, temporoparietal junction, proprioception, tactile cues, microgravity, caloric test, galvanic stimulation, vestibular cortex
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Image, Gravitation, Hallucinations, Humans, Illusions, Physical Stimulation, Sensation, Somatosensory Cortex, Vestibule, Labyrinth
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