Effect of subjective perspective taking during simulation of action: a PET investigation of agency
Abstract
Perspective taking is an essential component in the mechanisms that account for intersubjectivity and agency. Mental simulation of action can be used as a natural protocol to explore the cognitive and neural processing involved in agency. Here we took PET measurements while subjects simulated actions with either a first-person or a third-person perspective. Both conditions were associated with common activation in the SMA, the precentral gyrus, the precuneus and the MT/V5 complex. When compared to the first-person perspective, the third-person perspective recruited right inferior parietal, precuneus, posterior cingulate and frontopolar cortex. The opposite contrast revealed activation in left inferior parietal and somatosensory cortex. We suggest that the right inferior parietal, precuneus and somatosensory cortex are specifically involved in distinguishing self-produced actions from those generated by others.
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Ruby and Decety (2001) observed greater RTPJ activation when participants imagined another person performing an action than imagining doing it themselves.
“Moreover, Ruby and Decety (2001) observed greater RTPJ activation when participants imagined another person performing an action than imagining doing it themselves.”
From Activity in Right Temporo-Parietal Junction is Not Selective for Theory-of-Mind (2008) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety (2001)
Dedicated neural mechanisms have been shown to be at play when participants are asked to imagine being the agent of the action or when they imagine another person being the agent.
“Dedicated neural mechanisms have been shown to be at play when participants are asked to imagine being the agent of the action or when they imagine another person being the agent (Ruby and Decety, 2001).”
From The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework (2019) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety, 2001
Compared with imagining being the agent (first-person perspective), imagining another person being the agent (third-person perspective) has been shown to elicit responses in the right inferior parietal lobule, the precuneus, the posterior cingulate, and the fronto-polar cortex.
“Compared with imagining being the agent (first-person perspective), imagining another person being the agent (third-person perspective) has been shown to elicit responses in the right inferior parietal lobule, the precuneus, the posterior cingulate, and the fronto-polar cortex.”
From The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework (2019) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety, 2001
Ruby and Decety (2001) found that imagining someone perform an action (third person perspective) involves the inferior parietal lobule, the precuneus, the posterior cingulate, and the frontopolar cortex.
“Ruby and Decety (2001) found that imagining someone perform an action (what they refer to as third person perspective) involves the inferior parietal lobule, the precuneus, the posterior cingulate, and the frontopolar cortex.”
From The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework (2019) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety (2001)
The observed precuneus and posterior cingulate activation converges with our results and those of studies on egocentric and allocentric perspective handling and suggests that these regions are critically involved in perspective switching.
“The observed precuneus and posterior cingulate activation converges with our results and those of studies on egocentric and allocentric perspective handling (see e.g., Ruby and Decety, 2001, or Blanke, 2012 for a review) and suggests that these regions are critically involved in perspective switching.”
From The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework (2019) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety, 2001
Left precuneus has been associated with the simulation of third-person perspectives and episodic memory retrieval, while right posterior cingulate has been linked to retrieval of autobiographical memories.
“Left precuneus has been associated with the simulation of third-person perspectives (Ruby and Decety, 2001) and episodic memory retrieval (Zysset et al., 2002), while right posterior cingulate has been linked to retrieval of autobiographical memories (Fink et al., 1996; Ryan et al., 2001).”
From The brain's conversation with itself: neural substrates of dialogic inner speech (2016) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety, 2001
Activity in posterior right STG was evident during both dialogic scenarios and ToM reasoning, in a region previously linked to both ToM and imagery for personal perspectives.
“Activity in posterior right STG was evident during both dialogic scenarios and ToM reasoning, in a region previously linked to both ToM (Fletcher et al., 1995) and imagery for personal perspectives (Ruby and Decety, 2001).”
From The brain's conversation with itself: neural substrates of dialogic inner speech (2016) · cites this paper as Ruby and Decety, 2001
The inferior parietal cortex is implicated in the distinction between the self and others at the sensorimotor level.
“Several neuroimaging studies have implicated the inferior parietal cortex in the distinction between the self and others at the sensorimotor level (Blakemore, Wolpert, & Frith, 1998;Farrer & Frith, 2002;Ruby & Decety, 2001).”
From Development of the adolescent brain: implications for executive function and social cognition (2006) · cites this paper as Ruby & Decety, 2001
The parietal and frontal cortices are associated with making the distinction between 1PP and 3PP at the motor, visuo-spatial, conceptual and emotional level.
“Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed that the parietal and frontal cortices are associated with making the distinction between 1PP and 3PP at the motor (Ruby & Decety, 2001), visuo-spatial, (Vogeley et al., 2004), conceptual (Ruby & Decety, 2003) and emotional (Ruby & Decety, 2004) level.”
From Development of the adolescent brain: implications for executive function and social cognition (2006) · cites this paper as Ruby & Decety, 2001
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The precuneus and the insula in self-attributional processes
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“, 1995) and imagery for personal perspectives (Ruby and Decety, 2001).”
InfluentialMulti-sensory and sensorimotor foundation of bodily self-consciousness—an interdisciplinary approach
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Polyopic heautoscopy: Case report and review of the literature
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Effects of shifting perspective of the self: an fMRI study
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What makes the dorsomedial frontal cortex active during reading the mental states of others?
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Experimental research on dreaming: state of the art and neuropsychoanalytic perspectives
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Self-citationNorth is up(hill): Route planning heuristics in real-world environments
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- Authors
- Ruby, P., & Decety, J.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- ORCID
- Ruby, Perrine
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2001-05
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 546-550
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W1479871685
- Cited by
- 1,182
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 72
- FWCI
- 63.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Keywords
- perspective taking, agency, intersubjectivity, first-person perspective, third-person perspective, somatosensory cortex, inferior parietal cortex, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, frontopolar cortex, supplementary motor area
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Communication, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imagination, Male, Photic Stimulation, Tomography, Emission-Computed
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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