A cortical area selective for visual processing of the human body
Abstract
Despite extensive evidence for regions of human visual cortex that respond selectively to faces, few studies have considered the cortical representation of the appearance of the rest of the human body. We present a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies revealing substantial evidence for a distinct cortical region in humans that responds selectively to images of the human body, as compared with a wide range of control stimuli. This region was found in the lateral occipitotemporal cortex in all subjects tested and apparently reflects a specialized neural system for the visual perception of the human body.
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Visual perception of static body parts engages the extrastriate body area.
“Visual perception of static body parts engages the EBA (Downing et al., 2001)”
From Corticomotor Excitability during Observation and Imagination of a Work of Art (2011) · cites this paper as Downing et al., 2001
A possible role in PPS representation has been suggested for the lateral occipital cortex, specifically for the extrastriate body area.
“A possible role in PPS representation has been also suggested for the lateral occipital cortex (LOC), specifically for a region that is known to respond to body-related visual stimuli, the so-called extrastriate body area (EBA) (Downing et al. 2001).”
From Neuroanatomical correlates of peripersonal space: bridging the gap between perception, action, emotion and social cognition (2024) · cites this paper as Downing et al. 2001
Several areas specialized for other classes of visual stimuli such as faces, places, or body parts have been identified in the human ventral visual stream.
“The VWFA hypothesis was framed in the broader context of recent studies of functional specialization within the human ventral visual stream, in which have been identified several areas specialized for other classes of visual stimuli such as faces, places, or body parts (Downing et al., 2001; Hasson et al., 2003; Haxby et al., 2001; Kanwisher et al., 1997).”
From Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area (2004) · cites this paper as Downing et al., 2001
Vision of different body parts selectively activates portions of the extrastriate body area (EBA) and occipito-temporal cortex.
“Vision of different body parts selectively activates portions of the extrastriate body area (EBA; Downing, Jiang, Shuman, & Kanwisher, 2001) and occipito-temporal cortex (Orlov, Makin, & Zohary, 2010).”
From Bodily ownership and self-location: Components of bodily self-consciousness (2013) · cites this paper as Downing et al., 2001
Other studies have revealed the role of the EBA in the perception, mental imagery, and sensorimotor coding of human bodies.
“Finally, other studies have revealed the role of the EBA in the perception (Downing et al., 2001;Grossman and Blake, 2002;Urgesi et al., 2007), mental imagery (Arzy et al., 2006;Blanke et al., 2010), and sensorimotor coding of human bodies (Astafiev et al., 2004)”
From Multisensory mechanisms in temporo-parietal cortex support self-location and first-person perspective (2011) · cites this paper as Downing et al., 2001
Synchrony-related differences in the right EBA activity during the visual presentation of a human body are concordant with higher consistency and selectivity of the right versus left EBA.
“The synchrony-related differences in the right EBA activity during the visual presentation of a human body are also of interest as they are concordant with higher consistency (Downing et al., 2001) and selectivity (Downing et al., 2006a(Downing et al., , 2006b) ) of the right versus left EBA.”
From Multisensory mechanisms in temporo-parietal cortex support self-location and first-person perspective (2011) · cites this paper as Downing et al., 2001
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Downing, P. E., Jiang, Y., Shuman, M., & Kanwisher, N.
- Affiliations
- Bangor University (GB)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Downing, Paul E.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2001-09-28
- Volume
- 293
- Issue
- 5539
- Pages
- 2470-2473
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2052986837
- Cited by
- 2,043
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 68 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 102 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 84 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 111 · 2015: 105 · 2014: 91 · 2013: 95 · 2012: 118
- FWCI
- 15.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- body perception, body image, visual cortex, lateral occipitotemporal cortex, face processing, body part recognition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Mapping, Face, Form Perception, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Occipital Lobe, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Temporal Lobe, Visual Cortex, Human Body, Recognition, Psychology
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