Stressful experience has opposite effects on dendritic spines in the hippocampus of cycling versus masculinized females
Open accessAbstract
Stress increases associative learning and the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampus of male rats. In contrast, exposure to the same stressor impairs associative learning and reduces spine density in females. These effects in females are most evident when they are in the proestrus phase of the estrous cycle. An injection of testosterone at the time of birth masculinizes the female brain. In adulthood, masculinized females respond like males do to stress, i.e. they learn better. Here, we hypothesized that stress would increase spine densities on pyramidal neurons in area CA1 of the hippocampus of masculinized females, because stress enhances learning ability in both males and masculinized females. To test this, we used Golgi impregnation to stain tissue from masculinized and cycling females that were exposed to an acute stressor and sacrificed 1 day later. There was a significant interaction between stressor exposure and testosterone treatment at birth (p<0.001). In general, cycling females that were stressed tended to possess fewer spines on apical and basal dendrites in the CA1 area of the hippocampus, whereas the masculinized females possessed significantly more spines after the stressor. These findings underscore the plastic nature of dendritic spines. They suggest that their response to stress in adulthood is organized by the presence of testosterone during very early development. Such a process may represent a mechanism for altering learning abilities after an acute traumatic experience.
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The CA1 region of the hippocampus is sensitive to stress-induced synaptic remodeling.
“Electrical stimulation of the Schaffer collateral pathway (Figure 5a and b) results in robust activation of the CA1, a region of the hippocampus sensitive to stress-induced synaptic remodeling (Dalla et al, 2009; Joels et al, 2004, 2008; McEwen, 2001; McEwen and Magarinos, 2001; Shors et al, 1997, 2001) and shown to be selectively affected in individuals with anxiety disorders (Cole et al, 2010).”
From Divergent Functional Effects of Sazetidine-A and Varenicline During Nicotine Withdrawal (2013) · cites this paper as Dalla et al, 2009
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- Authors
- Dalla, C., Whetstone, A. S., Hodes, G. E., & Shors, T. J.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shors, Tracey J.
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 449
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 52-56
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3289544
- OpenAlex
- W2009770069
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH059970)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- dendritic spines, hippocampus, CA1 pyramidal neurons, acute stress, sex differences, masculinization, prenatal testosterone, estrous cycle, proestrus, associative learning, spine plasticity, Golgi impregnation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Female, Hippocampus, Neurons, Restraint, Physical, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological, Silver Staining, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Estrous Cycle, Testosterone Propionate, Dendritic Spines, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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