Sex differences in stress-related psychiatric disorders: neurobiological perspectives

Bangasser, Debra A.; Valentino, Rita J.

doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.03.008

Cited by 737Stress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

Sex differences in stress-related psychiatric disorders: neurobiological perspectives

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Bangasser, Debra A., Valentino, Rita J.·2014·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

DOI 10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.03.008PMC PMC4087049

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Abstract

Stress is associated with the onset and severity of several psychiatric disorders that occur more frequently in women than men, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Patients with these disorders present with dysregulation of several stress response systems, including the neuroendocrine response to stress, corticolimbic responses to negatively valenced stimuli, and hyperarousal. Thus, sex differences within their underlying circuitry may explain sex biases in disease prevalence. This review describes clinical studies that identify sex differences within the activity of these circuits, as well as preclinical studies that demonstrate cellular and molecular sex differences in stress responses systems. These studies reveal sex differences from the molecular to the systems level that increase endocrine, emotional, and arousal responses to stress in females. Exploring these sex differences is critical because this research can reveal the neurobiological underpinnings of vulnerability to stress-related psychiatric disorders and guide the development of novel pharmacotherapies.

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Female gender was noted to have higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress compared to male gender.
“the female gender was noted to have higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress as compared to the male gender.”
From Relationships between psychopathology, psychological process variables, and sociodemographic variables and comparison of quarantined and non-quarantined groups of malaysian university students in the covid-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
The Introduction reports that women have higher rates of major depression and are more likely than men to have anxiety disorders. It does not establish that women generally have higher stress levels: section 2.2 says findings on stress-induced cortisol levels in healthy people are inconsistent. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Women are at increased risk of affective disorders.
“with women at an increased risk (96, 97)”
From Higher Circulating Cortisol in the Follicular vs. Luteal Phase of the Menstrual Cycle: A Meta-Analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [97]
Similar trends were reported during previous pandemics.
“Similar trends were reported during previous pandemics [61,62,63,64].”
From Relationships between psychopathology, psychological process variables, and sociodemographic variables and comparison of quarantined and non-quarantined groups of malaysian university students in the covid-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
The Introduction discusses sex differences in stress-related psychiatric disorders, but does not report trends during previous pandemics. Searches for pandemics, epidemics, SARS, and influenza found no passage in our copy addressing that claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Data from numerous studies have demonstrated notable sex differences in stress-induced cortisol levels.
“Although at times conflicting, data from numerous studies have demonstrated notable sex differences with respect to stress‐induced cortisol levels 116, 117, 118.”
From History of early life adversity is associated with increased food addiction and sex-specific alterations in reward network connectivity in obesity (2019) · cites this paper as [118]
Males and females with MDD differ in activation of the HPA axis following stress.
“Males and females with MDD also differ in terms of activation of the HPA axis following stress.163”
From Epigenetic mechanisms of major depression: Targeting neuronal plasticity (2018) · cites this paper as [163]

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Authors: Bangasser, D. A., & Valentino, R. J.
Affiliations: Temple University (US)
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
ORCID: Bangasser, Debra A.
Valentino, Rita J.
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-08
Volume: 35
Issue: 3
Pages: 303-319
ISSN: 0091-3022 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.03.008
PMC: PMC4087049
OpenAlex: W2078229830
Cited by: 737
References: 350
Citations by year: 2026: 84 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 9
FWCI: 2.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: PHS
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords: sex differences, stress-related psychiatric disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, stress system, neuroendocrine stress response, corticolimbic circuitry, hyperarousal, sex differences in disease prevalence
MeSH terms: Animals, Arousal, Mental Disorders, Brain, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Humans, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological

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