Cited by 1,231Visual perception and processing mechanismsFace Recognition and PerceptionVisual Attention and Saliency Detection

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Visual field maps in human cortex.

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Wandell, Brian A., Dumoulin, Serge O., Brewer, Alyssa A.·2007·Neuron

DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.10.012

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Abstract

Much of the visual cortex is organized into visual field maps: nearby neurons have receptive fields at nearby locations in the image. Mammalian species generally have multiple visual field maps with each species having similar, but not identical, maps. The introduction of functional magnetic resonance imaging made it possible to identify visual field maps in human cortex, including several near (1) medial occipital (V1,V2,V3), (2) lateral occipital (LO-1,LO-2, hMT+), (3) ventral occipital (hV4, VO-1, VO-2), (4) dorsal occipital (V3A, V3B), and (5) posterior parietal cortex (IPS-0 to IPS-4). Evidence is accumulating for additional maps, including some in the frontal lobe. Cortical maps are arranged into clusters in which several maps have parallel eccentricity representations, while the angular representations within a cluster alternate in visual field sign. Visual field maps have been linked to functional and perceptual properties of the visual system at various spatial scales, ranging from the level of individual maps to map clusters to dorsal-ventral streams. We survey recent measurements of human visual field maps, describe hypotheses about the function and relationships between maps, and consider methods to improve map measurements and characterize the response properties of neurons comprising these maps.

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Large-scale remapping of visual cortex is absent in adult humans with macular degeneration
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“2793" language="eng" relation="no"> The human brain contains maps of the retina on the surface of the occipital lobe”
Background
Functional connectivity of visual cortex in the blind follows retinotopic organization principles
Striem-Amit, E., Ovadia-Caro, S., Caramazza, A., Margulies, D. S., Villringer, A., & Amedi, A. (2015) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awv083 · Cited by 194
“…phase-encoded retinotopic mapping protocol, with eccentricity and polar mapping of ring and wedge stimuli, respectively, to measure visual retinotopic mapping (Engel et al., 1994; Sereno et al., 1995; Wandell et al., 2007b; Wandell and Winawer, 2011), delivered during two separate experiments.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Maps of visual space in human occipital cortex are retinotopic, not spatiotopic
Gardner, J. L., Merriam, E. P., Movshon, J. A., & Heeger, D. J. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5476-07.2008 · Cited by 192
Overlearning hyperstabilizes a skill by rapidly making neurochemical processing inhibitory-dominant
Shibata, K., Sasaki, Y., Bang, J. W., Walsh, E. G., Machizawa, M. G., Tamaki, M., Chang, L.-H., & Watanabe, T. (2017) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4490 · Cited by 195
Reinstatement of associative memories in early visual cortex is signaled by the hippocampus
Bosch, S. E., Jehee, J. F. M., Fernández, G., & Doeller, C. F. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0805-14.2014 · Cited by 157
“Freesurfer was used to delineate the visual areas using standard retinotopic mapping procedures (Sereno et al., 1995; DeYoe et al., 1996; Engel et al., 1997; Wandell et al., 2007).”
Method
Hexadirectional coding of visual space in human entorhinal cortex
Nau, M., Navarro Schröder, T., Bellmund, J. L. S., & Doeller, C. F. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0050-8 · Cited by 182
High temporal resolution decoding of object position and category
Carlson, T. A., Hogendoorn, H., Kanai, R., Mesík, J., & Turret, J. (2011) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/11.10.9 · Cited by 193
Attentional Enhancement via Selection and Pooling of Early Sensory Responses in Human Visual Cortex
Pestilli, F., Carrasco, M., Heeger, D. J., & Gardner, J. L. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.025 · Cited by 190
Olfactory Maps in the Brain
Murthy, V. N. (2011) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113738 · Cited by 175
“…of the sensory surface to higher brain regions; for example, neighboring points in visual space activate neighboring points on the retina, and this relation is preserved through several subsequent stages of processing (Knierim & Van Essen 1992, Talbot & Marshall 1941, Wandell et al. 2007).”
Background
The Foveal Confluence in Human Visual Cortex
Schira, M. M., Tyler, C. W., Breakspear, M. J., & Špehar, B. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1760-09.2009 · Cited by 176
Attraction of Position Preference by Spatial Attention throughout Human Visual Cortex
Klein, B. P., Harvey, B. M., & Dumoulin, S. O. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.08.047 · Cited by 175
“ROIbordersweredeﬁnedfollowingrever-salsinthepolarangleandeccentricityprogressions(Serenoetal.,1995;Wan-dell et al., 2007), and ROIs were identiﬁed following published descriptions of their relative locations (Arcaro et al., 2011; DeYoe et al., 1996; Engel et al., 1997; Wandell et al., 2007).”
A Major Human White Matter Pathway Between Dorsal and Ventral Visual Cortex
Takemura, H., Rokem, A., Winawer, J. A., Yeatman, J. D., Wandell, B. A., & Pestilli, F. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv064 · Cited by 184
“Several theories have been proposed to characterize the organization of these visual field maps (Wandell et al. 2007).”
Background
Asynchronous Broadband Signals Are the Principal Source of the BOLD Response in Human Visual Cortex
Winawer, J. A., Kay, K., Foster, B. L., Rauschecker, A. M., Parvizi, J., & Wandell, B. A. (2013) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.05.001 · Cited by 176
“Spatial position and size are important properties of visual encoding, reflected in the multiplicity of visual field maps tiling the cortex [3, 4].”
High-density diffuse optical tomography for imaging human brain function
Wheelock, M. D., Culver, J. P., & Eggebrecht, A. T. (2019) · Review of Scientific Instruments · doi:10.1063/1.5086809 · Cited by 173
Visual Field Map Clusters in Macaque Extrastriate Visual Cortex
Kolster, H., Mandeville, J. B., Arsenault, J. T., Ekstrom, L. B., Wald, L. L., & Vanduffel, W. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0518-09.2009 · Cited by 168
Relating Retinotopic and Object-Selective Responses in Human Lateral Occipital Cortex
Sayres, R., & Kalanit Grill-spector, A. (2008) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.01383.2007 · Cited by 167
Similarity-Based Fusion of MEG and fMRI Reveals Spatio-Temporal Dynamics in Human Cortex During Visual Object Recognition
Cichy, R. M., Pantazis, D., & Oliva, A. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw135 · Cited by 168
“Both streams consist of multiple brain regions (Felleman and Van Essen 1991; Grill-Spector and Malach 2004; Wandell et al. 2007; Op de Beeck et al. 2008; Grill-Spector and Weiner 2014) that encode different aspects of the visual input in neuronal population codes (Haxby et al.”
Background
Spatial frequency tuning in human retinotopic visual areas
Henriksson, L., Nurminen, L., Hyvärinen, A., & Vanni, S. (2008) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/8.10.5 · Cited by 172
Future trends in Neuroimaging: Neural processes as expressed within real-life contexts
Hasson, U., & Honey, C. J. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.02.004 · Cited by 171
“One very productive line of research, for example, is the mapping of retinotopic areas in the visual system, which has revealed many new retinotopic areas (Arcaro et al., 2009; Engel et al., 1997a; Larsson and Heeger, 2006; Sereno et al., 1995; Silver and Kastner, 2009;Wandell et al., 2007).”
Background
Not one extrastriate body area: Using anatomical landmarks, hMT+, and visual field maps to parcellate limb-selective activations in human lateral occipitotemporal cortex
Weiner, K. S., & Kalanit Grill-spector, A. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.041 · Cited by 162
Higher-Order Areas of the Mouse Visual Cortex
Glickfeld, L. L., & Olsen, S. R. (2017) · Annual Review of Vision Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-102016-061331 · Cited by 172
Bringing the real world into the fMRI scanner: Repetition effects for pictures versus real objects
Snow, J. C., Pettypiece, C. E., Figley, T. D., McLean, A. D., Stroman, P. W., Goodale, M. A., & Culham, J. C. (2011) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep00130 · Cited by 165
“Similar activation was also evident within ‘dorsal stream object areas’, extending from the expected location of anterior V3, dorsally into the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) anterior to the expected location of IPS-”
Background
Lesion evidence for the critical role of the intraparietal sulcus in spatial attention
Gillebert, C. R., Mantini, D., Thijs, V., Sunaert, S. G., Dupont, P. J., & Vandenberghe, R. R. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr085 · Cited by 163
Larger extrastriate population receptive fields in autism spectrum disorders
Schwarzkopf, D. S., Anderson, E. J., de Haas, B., White, S. J., & Rees, G. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4416-13.2014 · Cited by 138
“We further delineated V4 and V3A as full hemifield representations adjacent to the ventral and dorsal portions, respectively, of V3 (Wandell et al., 2007).”
Background
Dissociated α-Band Modulations in the Dorsal and Ventral Visual Pathways in Visuospatial Attention and Perception
Capilla, A., Schoffelen, J., Paterson, G., Thut, G., & Groß, J. (2012) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs343 · Cited by 161
Short-Term Memory for Space and Time Flexibly Recruit Complementary Sensory-Biased Frontal Lobe Attention Networks
Michalka, S., Kong, L., Rosen, M. L., Shinn‐Cunningham, B. G., & Somers, D. C. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.07.028 · Cited by 153
“…information—the retina records spatial information with high precision, and over 20 cortical areas exhibit visuospatial maps (Swisher et al., 2007; Wandell et al., 2007; Silver and Kastner, 2009); however, the timing of visual responses is sluggish and is influenced by nontemporal stimulus…”
Transformation from image-based to perceptual representation of materials along the human ventral visual pathway
Hiramatsu, C., Goda, N., & Komatsu, H. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.04.056 · Cited by 152
“Retinotopic areas, V1, V2, V3, V4, V3A, and V3B, were delineated based on retinotopy obtained from the retinotopic mapping experiment (Wandell et al., 2007), and neighboring areas were combined because of the relatively small size of each area for the subsequent analyses.”
Background
Modeling center-surround configurations in population receptive fields using fMRI
Zuiderbaan, W., Harvey, B. M., & Dumoulin, S. O. (2012) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/12.3.10 · Cited by 152
Laminar Organization of Working Memory Signals in Human Visual Cortex
Lawrence, S. J. D., van Mourik, T., Kok, P., Koopmans, P. J., Norris, D. G., & de Lange, F. P. (2018) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.043 · Cited by 146
Extensive sampling for complete models of individual brains
Naselaris, T., Allen, E., & Kay, K. (2021) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.12.008 · Cited by 151
“com such as retinotopic organization [40] and face-selectivity [41]—not only generalize across individuals, but for the most part generalize across species [42,43].”
Background
Cortical plasticity and preserved function in early blindness
Renier, L., De Volder, A. G., & Rauschecker, J. P. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.01.025 · Cited by 144
“As the MOG is part of the visual dorsal stream in sighted individuals (Dumoulin et al., 2000; Wandell et al., 2007), and considering that this region was recruited by similar tasks in vision in a control experiment in a separate group, it follows that specialized brain regions develop their computational functions ind…”
Background
The neurobiological basis of seeing words
Wandell, B. A. (2011) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05954.x · Cited by 151

Authors: Wandell, B. A., Dumoulin, S. O., & Brewer, A. A.
Affiliations: Stanford University (US)
University of California, Irvine (US)
Corresponding author: Wandell, Brian A.
ORCID: Wandell, Brian A.
Dumoulin, Serge O.
Brewer, Alyssa A.
Venue: Neuron
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-10
Volume: 56
Issue: 2
Pages: 366-383
ISSN: 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.10.012
OpenAlex: W2141073321
Cited by: 1,231
References: 179
Citations by year: 2026: 73 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 60
FWCI: 2.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 2152 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Neuron (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Larry L. Hillblom Foundation
National Eye Institute (RO1 EY03164)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
Keywords: visual field maps, receptive fields, human visual cortex, lateral occipital cortex, posterior parietal cortex, functional MRI, visual system organization
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Models, Anatomic, Models, Neurological, Visual Cortex, Visual Fields

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Visual field maps in human cortex.

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