Distribution of metabotropic receptors of serotonin, dopamine, GABA, glutamate, and short neuropeptide F in the central complex of Drosophila
Abstract
The central complex is a prominent set of midline neuropils in the insect brain, known to be a higher locomotor control center that integrates visual inputs and modulates motor outputs. It is composed of four major neuropil structures, the ellipsoid body (EB), fan-shaped body (FB), noduli (NO), and protocerebral bridge (PB). In Drosophila different types of central complex neurons have been shown to express multiple neuropeptides and neurotransmitters; however, the distribution of corresponding receptors is not known. Here, we have mapped metabotropic, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of several neurotransmitters to neurons of the central complex. By combining immunocytochemistry with GAL4 driven green fluorescent protein, we examined the distribution patterns of six different GPCRs: two serotonin receptor subtypes (5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(7)), a dopamine receptor (DopR), the metabotropic GABA(B) receptor (GABA(B)R), the metabotropic glutamate receptor (DmGluR(A)) and a short neuropeptide F receptor (sNPFR1). Five of the six GPCRs were mapped to different neurons in the EB (sNPFR1 was not seen). Different layers of the FB express DopR, GABA(B)R, DmGluR(A,) and sNPFR1, whereas only GABA(B)R and DmGluR(A) were localized to the PB. Finally, strong expression of DopR and DmGluR(A) was detected in the NO. In most cases the distribution patterns of the GPCRs matched the expression of markers for their respective ligands. In some nonmatching regions it is likely that other types of dopamine and serotonin receptors or ionotropic GABA and glutamate receptors are expressed. Our data suggest that chemical signaling and signal modulation are diverse and highly complex in the different compartments and circuits of the Drosophila central complex. The information provided here, on receptor distribution, will be very useful for future analysis of functional circuits in the central complex, based on targeted interference with receptor expression.
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Many of these cases likely indicate co-transmitting neurons, although especially for dopamine they may also reveal as-yet unknown dopaminergic cell types because the TH-GAL4 line most often used to find dopaminergic neurons is not completely faithful to dopamine transmission.
“Many of these cases likely indicate co-transmitting neurons, although especially for dopamine they may also reveal as-yet unknown dopaminergic cell types because the TH-GAL4 line most often used to find dopaminergic neurons is not completely faithful to dopamine transmission.177”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
Known DopR receptors are only weakly expressed in the region of LPsP output, the protocerebral bridge.
“Interestingly though, known DopR receptors are only weakly expressed in the region of LPsP output, the protocerebral bridge”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
While most 5-HT receptors are not expressed in the fan-shaped body, serotonin immunolabeling revealed that serotonin is used in layers 3, 6 and more ventral.
“Curiously, while most 5-HT receptors are not expressed in the fan-shaped body,177 serotonin immunolabeling revealed that serotonin is used in layers 3, 6 and more ventral”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
5-HT receptors are not expressed in the fan-shaped body.
“5-HT receptors are not expressed in the fan-shaped body,177”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
Metabotropic GABA receptors have only been found specifically in layers 3 and 5.
“Indeed, metabotropic GABA receptors have only been found specifically in layers 3 and 5.177”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
TH, DopEcR and DopR1 immunoreactivity can be detected weakly across the fan-shaped body, likely by ExR2 and neurons receiving ExR2 input.
“Interestingly, TH, DopEcR and DopR1 immunoreactivity can be detected weakly across the fan-shaped body,177 likely by ExR2 and neurons receiving ExR2 input.”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
Because tachykinin does not co-localize with ChAT stains in layer 2 and because of cell body placement, it might be expressed by specific glutamatergic tangential neurons and may account for why FB2B is mispredicted octopaminergic in HemiBrain, and FB2A and FB2I predicted dopaminergic in FlyWire and HemiBrain.
“Because it does not co-localize with ChAT stains in this layer and because of cell body placement, it might be expressed by specific glutamatergic tangential neurons177,187 and may account for why FB2B is mispredicted octopaminergic in HemiBrain, and FB2A and FB2I predicted dopaminergic in FlyWire and HemiBrain.”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
The fan-shaped body is known to express leucokinin, allatostatin A, short neuropeptide F, Drosophila neuropeptide F, tachykinin, proctolin, dFMRFa, SIFamide and myoinhibitory peptide in a highly specific and layer-wise manner.
“The fan-shaped body is known to express leucokinin, allatostatin A, short neuropeptide F, Drosophila neuropeptide F, tachykinin, proctolin, dFMRFa, SIFamide and myoinhibitory peptide in a highly specific and layer-wise manner.106,175,177,184”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [177]
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“The CX is innervated by a large number of modulatory and peptidergic neurons (Kahsai et al., 2012; Kahsai et al., 2010; Kahsai and Winther, 2011), many unidentified and almost all of unknown function.”
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- Authors
- Kahsai, L., Carlsson, M. A., Winther, Å. M. E., & Nässel, D. R.
- Affiliations
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Winther, Å.M.E.
- Nässel, D.R.
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-04
- Volume
- 208
- Pages
- 11-26
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1971382661
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 108
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- metabotropic receptors, G protein-coupled receptors, serotonin receptors, dopamine receptors, GABAB receptors, metabotropic glutamate receptors, ellipsoid body, fan-shaped body, protocerebral bridge
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Central Nervous System, Drosophila melanogaster, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Immunohistochemistry, Ligands, Neuropeptides, Receptors, Dopamine, Receptors, Serotonin, Signal Transduction, Receptors, GABA, Receptors, GABA-B, Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate, Microscopy, Confocal, Neuropil, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B, Green Fluorescent Proteins
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