Cited by 93Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchChild Abuse and TraumaAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Posttraumatic stress disorder, alone or additively with early life adversity, is associated with obesity and cardiometabolic risk

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Farr, O.M., Ko, B.-J., Joung, K.E., Zaichenko, L., Usher, N., Tsoukas, M., Thakkar, B., Davis, C.R. +2 more·2015·Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Background and aims There is some evidence that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and early life adversity may influence metabolic outcomes such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. However, whether and how these interact is not clear.Methods We analyzed data from a cross-sectional and longitudinal study to determine how PTSD severity influences obesity, insulin sensitivity, and key measures and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. We then looked at how PTSD and early life adversity may interact to impact these same outcomes.Results PTSD severity is associated with increasing risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, with higher symptoms correlating with higher values of BMI, leptin, fibrinogen, and blood pressure, and lower values of insulin sensitivity. PTSD and early life adversity have an additive effect on these metabolic outcomes. The longitudinal study confirmed findings from the cross sectional study and showed that fat mass, leptin, CRP, sICAM-1, and sTNFRII were significantly increased with higher PTSD severity during a 2.5 year follow-up period.Conclusions Individuals with early life adversity and PTSD are at high risk and should be monitored carefully for obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.01.007

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  • For some individuals, a history of early life adversity (ELA), including physical and emotional abuse, trauma, neglect and family discord, can increase the risk of developing obesity in adulthood through mechanisms associated with stress, inflammation, emotional perturbations, maladaptive coping, metabolic disturbances and food addiction.

    “For some individuals, a history of early life adversity (ELA), including physical and emotional abuse, trauma, neglect and family discord, can increase the risk of developing obesity in adulthood through mechanisms associated with stress, inflammation, emotional perturbations, maladaptive coping, metabolic disturbances and food addiction 3, 4.”

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  1. [3]Davis CR Dearing E Usher N Trifiletti S Zaichenko L Ollen E Detailed assessments of childhood adversity enhance prediction of central obesity independent of gender, race, adult psychosocial risk and health behaviors Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2014 63 199 206 24211017 PMC5423443
  2. [4]Joung KE Park KH Zaichenko L Sahin-Efe A Thakkar B Brinkoetter M Early life adversity is associated with elevated levels of circulating leptin, irisin, and decreased levels of adiponectin in midlife adults The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2014 99 E1055 60 24650014 PMC5377585
  3. [5]Davis CR Usher N Dearing E Barkai AR Crowell-Doom C Neupert SD Attachment and the metabolic syndrome in midlife: the role of interview-based discourse patterns Psychosomatic medicine 2014 76 611 21 25264975 PMC5483991
  4. [6]Steinberg AM Brymer MJ Kim S Briggs EC Ippen CG Ostrowski SA Psychometric properties of the UCLA PTSD reaction index: part I Journal of traumatic stress 2013 26 1 9 23417873

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Authors
Farr, O. M., Ko, B.-J., Joung, K. E., Zaichenko, L., Usher, N., Tsoukas, M., Thakkar, B., Davis, C. R., Crowell, J. A., & Mantzoros, C. S.
Affiliations
  • Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
  • Boston Children's Hospital (US)
  • Judge Baker Children's Center (US)
  • Boston University (US)
Corresponding author
Farr, O.M.
Venue
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-05
Volume
25
Issue
5
Pages
479-488
ISSN
0939-4753 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2013756862
Cited by
93
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3
FWCI
13.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (RO1-AG032030)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK81913)
  • Clinical Science Research and Development Service of the VA Office of Research and Development (1I01CX000422-01A1)
  • Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (UL1 RR025758)
  • NICHD (5T32HD052961)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, childhood adversity, obesity, cardiometabolic risk, insulin resistance, leptin, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, sICAM-1, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, additive effects
MeSH terms
Adult, Boston, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Child Development, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Biomarkers, Comorbidity, Body Mass Index, Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes Complications

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