Four-year incidence of macular changes in the Barbados Eye Studies*1
Abstract
Objective To describe longitudinal macular changes in a black population after 4 years of follow-up.Design Population-based incidence study.Setting and participants The Barbados Incidence Study of Eye Diseases (BISED) reexamined the Barbados Eye Study cohort, which was based on a random sample of the country's residents, 40 to 84 years. The BISED included 3427 persons, or 85% of the eligible cohort.Main outcome measures Four-year incidence of macular changes, as determined by gradings of color stereoscopic macular photographs.Results Among black participants, the overall 4-year incidence of early macular changes (medium or large drusen or >20 small drusen with retinal pigment epithelium [RPE] atrophy or pigment) was 5.2% (95% confidence interval, 4.0%-6.6%) and tended to be higher in women (5.8%) than in men (4.1%). Incidence of related features was 5.2% for medium drusen (64-250 microm), 0.3% for drusen >250 microm, 1.1% for confluence, 0.5% for pigment, and 0.1% for RPE atrophy. Of the 2362 persons at risk for late macular changes (geographic atrophy, fluid, lipid, hemorrhage, disciform scar), exudative features developed in only 1 person in 4 years. Less than 1% of persons with early macular changes at baseline had disappearance of related features.Conclusions After 4 years, the development of severe macular disease was rare in this black population, and the incidence of early macular changes also was lower than in other populations. Results are consistent with the low risk of macular degeneration in persons of African descent.
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In persons of African origin living in the United States and Barbados, the prevalence of early AMD and soft drusen is slightly lower than in whites, but advanced AMD is rare.
“Interestingly, in persons of African origin living in United States and Barbados, prevalence of early AMD and soft drusen is slightly lower than in whites, but advanced AMD is rare [34,35].”
From CFH Y402H confers similar risk of soft drusen and both forms of advanced AMD (2005) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- LESKE, M.
- Affiliations
- Stony Brook University (US)
- Corresponding author
- LESKE, M
- Venue
- Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-04
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 706-711
- ISSN
- 0161-6420 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2138819034
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Keywords
- macular changes, macular degeneration, drusen, retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, geographic atrophy, incidence, Black population, African ancestry, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barbados, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, Random Allocation, Incidence, Black People
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