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A mega-trial investigation of goal setting, interest enhancement, and energy on procrastination.
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“For example, according to the Temporal Motivation Theory (TMT; Steel and König, 2006; Gröpel and Steel, 2008), motivation increases as a function of the expectancy of an outcome and the size or value of a goal, but decreases as the time span before this outcome lengthens and impulsiveness increases.”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Gröpel and Steel, 2008
In the citing paper
“Additionally, they found weak negative associations of procrastination to age (r = -.17) and female sex (r = -.08).”
From Procrastination, Distress and Life Satisfaction across the Age Range – A German Representative Community Study (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Academic procrastination: psychological antecedents revisited
Steel, P., & Klingsieck, K. B. (2016) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12173 · Cited by 534
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“two particularly large-scale investigations—a survey study by Gröpel and Steel (2008) and a meta-analysis by Steel (2007).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationBeutel, M. E., Klein, E. M., Aufenanger, S., Brähler, E., Dreier, M., Müller, K. W., Quiring, O., Reinecke, L., Schmutzer, G., Stark, B., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148054 · Cited by 256
“In his seminal meta-analysis and review, Steel [2] identified task (aversiveness, delay) and personality characteristics (particularly low self-efficacy, conscientiousness, self- control and achievement motivation as well as high impulsiveness and distractibility) as determinants of procrastination, along with a poten…”
BackgroundUnderstanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure
Rozental, A., & Carlbring, P. (2014) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2014.513160 · Cited by 251
“Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation may therefore be equally important in explaining procrastination, but they may possibly affect individuals differently (Gröpel & Steel, 2008).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Gröpel, P., & Steel, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Trnava (SK)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Steel, Piers
- Venue
- Personality and Individual Differences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 406-411
- ISSN
- 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1977892793
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 0.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Keywords
- procrastination, goal setting, energy, sex differences, age differences, mediation, motivational interventions, mega-trials
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