Epidemiology of Syncope/Collapse in Younger and Older Western Patient Populations
Open accessAbstract
Syncope is a common problem which can be remarkably debilitating and associated with high health care costs; its true incidence is difficult to estimate due to variation in definition, differences in population prevalence and under reporting in the general population. The median peak of first syncope is around 15 years with a sharp increase after 70 years. Vasovagal syncope is the commonest cause of syncope for all age groups, but cardiac causes become more common with advancing age. The cumulative incidence of syncope ranges from 5% in females aged 20 to 29, up to 50% in females aged 80 and above. One-third of medical students report at least one syncopal episode in their life-time. The life-time cumulative incidence of syncope in women is almost twice that of men. Syncope accounts for up to 1-3% of hospital admissions and Emergency Room (ER) visits and in these settings is associated with cardiovascular co-morbidity and cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. In older adults syncope is a major cause of morbidity and mortality with enormous personal and wider health economic costs. Prevalence and incidence figures for syncope in older adults are confounded by an overlap with presentations classified as falls. In addition to injury and increasing dependency, quality-of-life studies consistently show that functional impairment in persons with recurrent syncope is similar to other chronic diseases.
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Older adults are predisposed to falls when syncope occurs, with a 1-year fall rate of 38% among fainters versus 18.3% among nonfainters.
“Older adults are predisposed to falls when syncope occurs, with a 1-year fall rate of 38% among fainters versus 18.3% among nonfainters (57).”
From 2017 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Syncope (2017) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Kenny, R. A., Bhangu, J., & King-Kallimanis, B. L.
- Affiliations
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Kenny, Rose Anne
- Venue
- Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 357-363
- ISSN
- 0033-0620 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1991011130
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 13.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- syncope, vasovagal syncope, cardiac syncope, cumulative incidence, prevalence, age differences, sex differences, older adults, medical students, falls, health care costs, quality of life, functional disability, cardiovascular comorbidity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cardiovascular Agents, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Syncope, Comorbidity, Incidence, Prevalence, Cost of Illness, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Young Adult
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