Cited by 152Tryptophan and brain disordersSchizophrenia research and treatmentNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Viral infection, inflammation and schizophrenia

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Kneeland, Rachel E., Fatemi, S. Hossein·2013·Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and environmental etiologies. Prenatal viral/bacterial infections and inflammation play major roles in the genesis of schizophrenia. In this review, we describe a viral model of schizophrenia tested in mice whereby the offspring of mice prenatally infected with influenza at E7, E9, E16, and E18 show significant gene, protein, and brain structural abnormalities postnatally. Similarly, we describe data on rodents exposed to bacterial infection or injected with a synthetic viral mimic (PolyI:C) also demonstrating brain structural and behavioral abnormalities. Moreover, human serologic data has been indispensible in supporting the viral theory of schizophrenia. Individuals born seropositive for bacterial and viral agents are at a significantly elevated risk of developing schizophrenia. While the specific mechanisms of prenatal viral/bacterial infections and brain disorder are unclear, recent findings suggest that the maternal inflammatory response may be associated with fetal brain injury. Preventive and therapeutic treatment options are also proposed. This review presents data related to epidemiology, human serology, and experimental animal models which support the viral model of schizophrenia.

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Authors
Kneeland, R. E., & Fatemi, S. H.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
Fatemi, S. Hossein
Venue
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-04
Volume
42
Pages
35-48
ISSN
0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2002231678
Cited by
152
References
241
Citations by year
2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
FWCI
0.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD046589)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
schizophrenia, prenatal viral infection, maternal inflammation, influenza, mouse model of schizophrenia, poly(I:C), structural brain abnormalities, behavioral abnormalities, serological markers, neurodevelopmental disorders, fetal brain injury, prophylaxis
MeSH terms
Animals, Encephalitis, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Schizophrenia, Central Nervous System Viral Diseases

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