An fMRI study of cognitive control in problem gamers
Open accessAbstract
A small proportion of video game players develop uncontrolled gaming behavior. A dysfunctional cognitive control circuit may explain this excessive behavior. Therefore, the current study investigated whether problem gamers are characterized by deficits in various aspects of cognitive control (inhibitory control, error processing, attentional control) by measuring brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging during Go-NoGo and Stroop task performance. In addition, both impulsivity and attentional control were measured using self-reports. Participants comprised 18 problem gamers who were compared with 16 matched casual gaming controls. Results indicate significantly increased self-reported impulsivity levels and decreased inhibitory control accompanied by reduced brain activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right inferior parietal lobe (IPL) in problem gamers relative to controls. Significant hypoactivation in the left IFG in problem gamers was also observed during Stroop task performance, but groups did not differ on behavioral and self-reported measures of attentional control. No evidence was found for reduced error processing in problem gamers. In conclusion, the current study provides evidence for reduced inhibitory control in problem gamers, while attentional control and error processing were mostly intact. These findings implicate that reduced inhibitory control and elevated impulsivity may constitute a neurocognitive weakness in problem gamers.
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Deficits in executive functions and inhibitory control are related to functional changes in fronto-striatal circuits in individuals with Internet-gaming disorder or problematic gaming behavior.
“Studies are also beginning to bring together findings from neuropsychological investigations and neuroimaging assessments in individuals with Internet-gaming disorder or problematic gaming behavior, which show that deficits in executive functions and inhibitory control are related to functional changes in fronto-striatal circuits (Luijten et al., 2015;Seok et al., 2015;Yuan et al., 2016).”
From Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders: An Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model (2016) · cites this paper as Luijten et al., 2015
The Results (§3.2.1 and §3.3.1; pages not provided) report poorer inhibitory control in problem gamers, reduced activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and right inferior parietal lobe, and an association between parietal activation and NoGo accuracy. They do not report a fronto-striatal change. The Discussion (§4; page not provided) also says attentional control and error processing were mostly intact, so the broader claim of executive-function deficits is not fully supported. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Luijten, M., Meerkerk, G.-J., Franken, I. H. A., van de Wetering, B. J. M., & Schoenmakers, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Luijten, Maartje
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 231
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 262-268
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2118821270
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 9.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.nivel.nl
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Volksbond Foundation Rotterdam
- Bouman Mental Health Care, Rotterdam
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- problem gaming, cognitive control, inhibitory control, impulsivity, error processing, attentional control, go/no-go task, Stroop task, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, gaming addiction, brain activation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention, Brain, Cognition, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Parietal Lobe, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Video Games, Young Adult, Self Report
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