Neural correlates of visuospatial working memory in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls
Open accessAbstract
Impaired visuospatial working memory (VSWM) is suggested to be a core neurocognitive deficit in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet the underlying neural activation patterns are poorly understood. Furthermore, it is unclear to what extent age and gender effects may play a role in VSWM-related brain abnormalities in ADHD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from 109 individuals with ADHD (60% male) and 103 controls (53% male), aged 8-25 years, during a spatial span working memory task. VSWM-related brain activation was found in a widespread network, which was more widespread compared with N-back tasks used in the previous literature. Higher brain activation was associated with higher age and male gender. In comparison with controls, individuals with ADHD showed greater activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the lateral frontal pole during memory load increase, effects explained by reduced activation on the low memory load in the IFG pars triangularis and increased activation during high load in the IFG pars opercularis. Age and gender effects did not differ between controls and individuals with ADHD. Results indicate that individuals with ADHD have difficulty in efficiently and sufficiently recruiting left inferior frontal brain regions with increasing task difficulty.
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Lindberg, R., & Brown, R. D. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76409-2_6
de Bruijn, A. G. M. (2020) · Neuropraxis · doi:10.1007/s12474-020-00248-1
And the best task is …? Using Task potency to infer task specificityPreprint
Chauvin, R. J., Mennes, M., Llera, A., Buitelaar, J. K., & Beckmann, C. F. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/111187
Self-citationChen, L., Lin, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Li, R., Lin, L., Sun, Q., & Zeng, Y. (2025) · Journal of Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.31083/jin27945
Wen, M., Yang, C., Liu, T., Madsen, K. H., & Liu, X. (2026) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121818
- Authors
- van Ewijk, H., Weeda, W. D., Heslenfeld, D. J., Luman, M., Hartman, C. A., Hoekstra, P. J., Faraone, S. V., Franke, B., Buitelaar, J. K., & Oosterlaan, J.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-08
- Volume
- 233
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 233-242
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1548712873
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.rug.nl
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (175.010.2007.010)
- Accare
- Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen
- Radboud Universitair Medisch Centrum
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062873)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, visuospatial working memory, neural correlates, inferior frontal gyrus, frontal pole, memory load, age effects, gender differences, brain activation, neurocognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Child, Color Perception, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Neuropsychological Tests, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reference Values, Serial Learning, Sex Factors, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult, Spatial Learning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-10.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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