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Oldest human occupation of Wallacea at Laili Cave, Timor-Leste, shows broad-spectrum foraging responses to late Pleistocene environments

Hawkins, Stuart, O'Connor, Sue, Maloney, Tim Ryan, Litster, Mirani, Kealy, Shimona, Fenner, Jack N., Aplin, Ken, Boulanger, Clara, Brockwell, Sally, Willan, Richard, Piotto, Elena, Louys, Julien·2017·Quaternary Science Reviews

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CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 1 Island Southeast Asia, early hominin archaeological sites, and Laili Cave, Timor-Leste, Wallacea, in relation to sea levels (both modern and during the height of the Last Glacial Maximum), showing northern and southern migration routes.
Fig. 1 Island Southeast Asia, early hominin archaeological sites, and Laili Cave, Timor-Leste, Wallacea, in relation to sea levels (both modern and during the height of the Last Glacial Maximum), showing northern and southern migration routes.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 2 Laili Cave (a) view facing east towards the Laleia River Basin; (b) excavated squares (c) excavation site plan; (d) pro fi le showing topography.
Fig. 2 Laili Cave (a) view facing east towards the Laleia River Basin; (b) excavated squares (c) excavation site plan; (d) pro fi le showing topography.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 3 Laili Cave, square A, chronostratigraphic pro fi le.
Fig. 3 Laili Cave, square A, chronostratigraphic pro fi le.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 4 Stone artefacts, molluscs, vertebrates and crustacean Number of Identi fi ed Artefacts/Specimens per spit, square A, Laili Cave.
Fig. 4 Stone artefacts, molluscs, vertebrates and crustacean Number of Identi fi ed Artefacts/Specimens per spit, square A, Laili Cave.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 5 3D reconstruction of the topography surrounding Laili Cave showing the river valley and LGM coastline. Graph inset shows the cross-section of the dotted line on the 3D image, with present sea-level (0 m) and 44.5ka (  63 m) sea-levels drawn in bold.
Fig. 5 3D reconstruction of the topography surrounding Laili Cave showing the river valley and LGM coastline. Graph inset shows the cross-section of the dotted line on the 3D image, with present sea-level (0 m) and 44.5ka ( 63 m) sea-levels drawn in bold.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 6 Laili d 18O stable oxygen isotope values of chiton ( Acanthopleura sp.) shell samples by depth (spit).
Fig. 6 Laili d 18O stable oxygen isotope values of chiton ( Acanthopleura sp.) shell samples by depth (spit).CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 7 Laili d 13C stable carbon isotope values of chiton ( Acanthopleura sp.) shell samples by depth (spit).
Fig. 7 Laili d 13C stable carbon isotope values of chiton ( Acanthopleura sp.) shell samples by depth (spit).CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 8 Stone artefacts recovered from Laili; (A) Chert fl ake with marginal edge damage, gloss, and ventral pot lid scar; (B) Chert retouched fl ake with dorsal pot lid scar; (C) Chert truncated faceted fl ake, showing negative scars removing parts of ventral surface and faceting close to their initiations on the opposite surface; (D) Chert retouched fl ake, with multiple negative scars across a remnant ventral fl ake surface, with platform faceting; (E) Chert core.
Fig. 8 Stone artefacts recovered from Laili; (A) Chert fl ake with marginal edge damage, gloss, and ventral pot lid scar; (B) Chert retouched fl ake with dorsal pot lid scar; (C) Chert truncated faceted fl ake, showing negative scars removing parts of ventral surface and faceting close to their initiations on the opposite surface; (D) Chert retouched fl ake, with multiple negative scars across a remnant ventral fl ake surface, with platform faceting; (E) Chert core.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 9 Laili Cave vertebrate taxonomic relative abundance (%NISP) by spit and palaeohabitat.
Fig. 9 Laili Cave vertebrate taxonomic relative abundance (%NISP) by spit and palaeohabitat.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 10 Laili Cave mollusc NISP by habitat and spit.
Fig. 10 Laili Cave mollusc NISP by habitat and spit.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF

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Authors
Hawkins, S., O'Connor, S., Maloney, T. R., Litster, M., Kealy, S., Fenner, J. N., Aplin, K., Boulanger, C., Brockwell, S., Willan, R., Piotto, E., & Louys, J.
Venue
Quaternary Science Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-09
Volume
171
Pages
58-72
ISSN
0277-3791
Cited by
96
References
3
Language
en
Funders
ARC Discovery Grant (DP0878543)

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Oldest human occupation of Wallacea at Laili Cave, Timor-Leste, shows broad-spectrum foraging responses to late Pleistocene environments. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.07.008
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Hawkins, S., O'Connor, S., Maloney, T. R., Litster, M., Kealy, S., Fenner, J. N., Aplin, K., Boulanger, C., Brockwell, S., Willan, R., Piotto, E., & Louys, J. (2017). Oldest human occupation of Wallacea at Laili Cave, Timor-Leste, shows broad-spectrum foraging responses to late Pleistocene environments. Quaternary Science Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.07.008