The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Open source software development—Just another case of collective invention?
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“When considered, the open source movement is described as an alternative mode of innovation production, which may also be complementary to traditional ones (Benner & Tushman, 2015; Osterloh & Rota, 2007).”
From The sustainability of open source commons (2023) · cites this paper as Osterloh & Rota, 2007
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01 · Cited by 34,210
Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance
North, D. C. (1990) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808678 · Cited by 32,691
Henderson, R. M., & Clark, K. B. (1990) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393549 · Cited by 8,563
Teece, D. J. (1986) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/0048-7333(86)90027-2 · Cited by 7,842
Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments
Dess, G. G., & Beard, D. W. (1984) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393080 · Cited by 3,915
Fehr, E., & Fischbacher, U. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02043 · Cited by 3,475 · cited 2×
“1 Blast furnaces in Britain’s Cleveland district (second half of the 19 century) Allen (1983) was the first to analyze what he called “collective invention”.”
Neither market nor hierarchy: Network Forms of Organization
Milošević, D. (2014) · Cited by 3,446
Patterns of Industrial Innovation
Abernathy, W. J., & Utterback, J. M. (1978) · Technology Review · Cited by 3,269
Organ, D. W., & Ryan, K. C. (1995) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01781.x · Cited by 3,259
Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs: A Cyclical Model of Technological Change
Anderson, P., & Tushman, M. L. (1990) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393511 · Cited by 3,255
Frey, B. S., & Jegen, R. (2001) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/1467-6419.00150 · Cited by 3,118
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Benabou, R., & Tirole, J. (2003) · Review of Economic Studies · doi:10.1111/1467-937x.00253 · Cited by 2,913
Are people conditionally cooperative? Evidence from a public goods experiment
Fischbacher, U., Gächter, S., & Fehr, E. (2001) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/s0165-1765(01)00394-9 · Cited by 2,780
Innovation: Mapping the winds of creative destruction
Abernathy, W. J., & Clark, K. B. (1985) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/0048-7333(85)90021-6 · Cited by 2,775
The Role of Nonprofit Enterprise
Hansmann, H. B. (1980) · The Yale Law Journal · doi:10.2307/796089 · Cited by 2,571
Modularity, flexibility, and knowledge management in product and organization design
Sanchez, R., & Mahoney, J. T. (1996) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.4250171107 · Cited by 2,538
Some Simple Economics of Open Source
Lerner, J., & Tirole, J. (2002) · The Journal of Industrial Economics · doi:10.1111/1467-6451.00174 · Cited by 2,355
Open source software and the “private-collective” innovation model: Issues for organization science
Hippel, E. V., & Krogh, G. V. (2003) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.14.2.209.14992 · Cited by 2,145
Motivation, Knowledge Transfer, and Organizational Forms
Osterloh, M., & Frey, B. S. (2000) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.11.5.538.15204 · Cited by 1,937
Self-citationSocial dilemmas: the anatomy of cooperation
Kollock, P. (1998) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.183 · Cited by 1,746
Coase's penguin, or, linux and “the nature of the firm”
Benkler, Y. (2002) · The Yale Law Journal · doi:10.2307/1562247 · Cited by 1,572
Lakhani, K. R., & Wolf, R. G. (2003) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.443040 · Cited by 1,531
Lakhani, K. R., & Wolf, R. G. (2005) · Perspectives on Free and Open Source Software · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5326.003.0005 · Cited by 1,530
Hertel, G., Niedner, S., & Herrmann, S. (2003) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00047-7 · Cited by 1,262
Conversation and Cooperation in Social Dilemmas: A Meta-Analysis of Experiments from 1958 to 1992
SALLY, D. (1995) · Rationality and Society · doi:10.1177/1043463195007001004 · Cited by 1,126
The Interorganizational Learning Dilemma: Collective Knowledge Development in Strategic Alliances
Larsson, R., Bengtsson, L. G., Henriksson, K., & Sparks, J. (1998) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.9.3.285 · Cited by 1,083
2. Public Goods: A Survey of Experimental Research
Ledyard, J. O. (1995) · The Handbook of Experimental Economics · doi:10.1515/9780691213255-004 · Cited by 1,033
Community, joining, and specialization in open source software innovation: a case study
von Krogh, G., Spaeth, S., & Lakhani, K. R. (2003) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00050-7 · Cited by 1,025
Working for Free? Motivations for Participating in Open-Source Projects
Alexander Hars, S. O. (2002) · International Journal of Electronic Commerce · doi:10.1080/10864415.2002.11044241 · Cited by 964
The interaction of design hierarchies and market concepts in technological evolution
Clark, K. B. (1985) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/0048-7333(85)90007-1 · Cited by 958
Modularity in technology and organization
Langlois, R. N. (2002) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/s0167-2681(02)00056-2 · Cited by 932
Sharing Nicely: On Shareable Goods and the Emergence of Sharing as a Modality of Economic Production
Benkler, Y. R. (2004) · The Yale Law Journal · doi:10.2307/4135731 · Cited by 862
Modularity and Innovation in Complex Systems
Ethiraj, S. K., & Levinthal, D. A. (2004) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1030.0145 · Cited by 855
Harhoff, D., Henkel, J., & von Hippel, E. (2003) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00061-1 · Cited by 772
Learning by Interaction: Absorptive Capacity, Cognitive Distance and Governance
Nooteboom, B. (2000) · Journal of Management & Governance · doi:10.1023/a:1009941416749 · Cited by 741
Allen, R. C. (1983) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/0167-2681(83)90023-9 · Cited by 688
Open-Source Software Development and Distributed Innovation
Kogut, B. (2001) · Oxford Review of Economic Policy · doi:10.1093/oxrep/17.2.248 · Cited by 534
Intrinsic Motivation in a New Light
Lindenberg, S. M. (2001) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/1467-6435.00156 · Cited by 488
Guarding the commons: how community managed software projects protect their work
O'Mahony, S. C. (2003) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00048-9 · Cited by 476
Bonaccorsi, A. J., Giannangeli, S., & Rossi, C. (2006) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1060.0547 · Cited by 432
Spencer, J. W. (2003) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.290 · Cited by 415
How to Manage Radical Innovation
Stringer, R. (2000) · California Management Review · doi:10.2307/41166054 · Cited by 318
Managing Product Development Projects: On the Significance of Fountains and Deadlines
Lindkvist, L., Söderlund, J., & Tell, F. (1998) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/017084069801900602 · Cited by 311
Sequential Innovation, Patents, and ImitationPreprint
Bessen, J., & Maskin, E. S. (2000) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.206189 · Cited by 292
Trust, honesty and corruption: reflection on the state-building process
Rose‐Ackerman, S. (2001) · European Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1017/s0003975601001084 · Cited by 253
Pro-social behavior in a natural setting
Frey, B. S., & Meier, S. (2004) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2003.10.001 · Cited by 229
Virtual communities as communities
(2002) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203194959-18 · Cited by 229
Towards a theory of low-cost decisions
Kirchgäßner, G. (1992) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/0176-2680(92)90028-f · Cited by 208
Kliemt, H. (1986) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/0176-2680(86)90024-8 · Cited by 143
Reconciling Rent-Seekers and Donators – The Governance Structure of Open Source
Franck, E. P., & Jungwirth, C. (2003) · Journal of Management & Governance · doi:10.1023/a:1026261005092 · Cited by 75
Episodes of Collective InventionPreprint
Meyer, P. B. (2004) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.466880 · Cited by 73
Knowledge Transfer under Coopetition
Loebbecke, C., van Fenema, P. (., Powell, P., Larsen, T., Levine, L., & DeGross, J. (1998) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 7
Satisfying heterogeneous user needs via innovation toolkits: the case of Apache Security Software
Franke, N., & Hippel, E. V. (2003) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(03)00049-0 · Cited by 2
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Demsetz, 1967, Towards a theory of property rights, American Economic Review, 57, 347
- Elster, J., 1989. The Cement of Society: A Study of Social Order, New York, NY. · DOI
- Markus, 2000, What makes a virtual organization work?, Sloan Management Review, 42, 13
- Moon, 2000, Essence of distributed work: the case of the Linux kernel, Firstmonday, 5
- Osterloh, 2004, Trust and community in open source software production. Analyse & Kritik – Zeitschrift für Sozialtheorie special issue on, Trust and Community on the Internet, 26, 279
- Torvalds, 1998, FM interview with Linus Torvalds: What motivates free software developers, Firstmonday, 3
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Carrots and Rainbows: Motivation and Social Practice in Open Source Software Development1
von Krogh, G., Haefliger, S., Spaeth, S., & Wallin, M. W. (2012) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/41703471 · Cited by 698
Rise of strategic nets — New modes of value creation
Möller, K., & Rajala, A. (2007) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.05.016 · Cited by 535
Crowd science: The organization of scientific research in open collaborative projects
Franzoni, C., & Sauermann, H. (2013) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2013.07.005 · Cited by 552
Unpaid Crowd Complementors: The Platform Network Effect Mirage
Boudreau, K. J., & Jeppesen, L. B. (2014) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.2324 · Cited by 381
INTERMEDIARIES, USERS AND SOCIAL LEARNING IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
Stewart, J., & Hyysalo, S. (2008) · International Journal of Innovation Management · doi:10.1142/s1363919608002035 · Cited by 344
Metadata
- Authors
- Osterloh, M., & Rota, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Osterloh, Margit
- ORCID
- Osterloh, Margit
- Venue
- Research Policy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 157-171
- ISSN
- 0048-7333 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3121570764
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 53.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- public-domain
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Research Policy (publishedVersion)
- Econstor (Econstor) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Science Applications › Open Source Software Innovations
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Digital Platforms and Economics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Intellectual Property and Patents
- Keywords
- open source software, collective invention, innovation models, institutional innovation, common property, dominant design, patent law, developer communities
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
