Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs: A Cyclical Model of Technological Change
Abstract
The authors thank Eric Abrahamson, Warren Boeker, Donald Hambrick, and three anonymous reviewers for their assistance. An evolutionary model of technological change is proposed in which a technological breakthrough, or discontinuity, initiates an era of intense technical variation and selection, culminating in a single dominant design. This era of ferment is followed by a period of incremental technical progress, which may be broken by a subsequent technological discontinuity. A longitudinal study of the cement (1888-1980), glass (1893-1980), and minicomputer (1958-1982) industries indicates that when patents are not a significant factor, a technological discontinuity is generally followed by a single standard. Across these diverse product classes, sales always peak after a dominant design emerges. Discontinuities never become dominant designs, and dominant designs lag behind the industry's technical frontier. Both the length of the era of ferment and the type of firm inaugurating a standard are contingent on how the discontinuity affects existing competences. Eras of ferment account for the majority of observed technical progress across these three industries.'
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The early stage of an industry exhibits high technological and market uncertainty.
“Research shows that the early stage of an industry exhibits high technological and market uncertainty (Anderson and Tushman 1990).”
From Smart Timing for Smart Products? Complementor Multihoming in Nascent Platform Markets (2026) · cites this paper as Anderson and Tushman 1990
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- Authors
- Anderson, P., & Tushman, M. L.
- Venue
- Administrative Science Quarterly
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1990-12
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 604
- ISSN
- 0001-8392 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1981733426
- Cited by
- 3,255
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 97 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 139 · 2021: 183 · 2020: 119 · 2019: 129 · 2018: 130 · 2017: 116 · 2016: 118 · 2015: 154 · 2014: 168 · 2013: 183 · 2012: 143
- FWCI
- 17.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Administrative Science Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Firm Innovation and Growth
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Innovation and Knowledge Management
- Keywords
- technological discontinuity, dominant design, technological change, technological breakthroughs, technical variability, incremental innovation, technology standards, cement industry, glass industry, patents, industry sales, firm competences
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