CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 237Sleep and related disordersChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentCircadian rhythm and melatonin

What keeps low-SES children from sleeping well: the role of presleep worries and sleep environment

Open access
Bagley, Erika J., Kelly, Ryan J., Buckhalt, Joseph A., El-Sheikh, Mona·2015·Sleep Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.10.008PMC PMC4395518
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objectives Children in families of low socioeconomic status (SES) have been found to have poor sleep, yet the reasons for this finding are unclear. Two possible mediators, presleep worries and home environment conditions, were investigated as indirect pathways between SES and children's sleep.Participants/methods The participants consisted of 271 children (M (age) = 11.33 years; standard deviation (SD) = 7.74 months) from families varying in SES as indexed by the income-to-needs ratio. Sleep was assessed with actigraphy (sleep minutes, night waking duration, and variability in sleep schedule) and child self-reported sleep/wake problems (e.g., oversleeping and trouble falling asleep) and sleepiness (e.g., sleeping in class and falling asleep while doing homework). Presleep worries and home environment conditions were assessed with questionnaires.Results Lower SES was associated with more subjective sleep/wake problems and daytime sleepiness, and increased exposure to disruptive sleep conditions and greater presleep worries were mediators of these associations. In addition, environmental conditions served as an intervening variable linking SES to variability in an actigraphy-derived sleep schedule, and, similarly, presleep worry was an intervening variable linking SES to actigraphy-based night waking duration. Across sleep parameters, the model explained 5-29% of variance.Conclusions Sleep environment and psychological factors are associated with socioeconomic disparities, which affect children's sleep.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.10.008

Cites

48 of 48 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Children and families of lower SES may face increased challenges implementing a consistent bedtime routine due to social and contextual issues.

    “children and families of lower SES may face increased challenges implementing a consistent bedtime routine due to social and contextual issues.”

    From Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond. (2018) · cites this paper as [139]

    The Discussion reports that lower SES was linked to environmental conditions, which in turn were linked to greater variability in children’s sleep schedules. That supports the concern about contextual barriers to consistency, but the study measured sleep timing, not families’ ability to implement a bedtime routine. It also found no direct association between lower SES and sleep-schedule variability. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Children living in lower SES households may be more likely to have single caregivers and/or caregivers who engage in evening or shift work, as well as increased household crowding, noise, and light exposure.

    “children living in lower SES households may be more likely to have single caregivers and/or caregivers who engage in evening or shift work, as well experience increased household crowding, noise, and light exposure [139,140]”

    From Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond. (2018) · cites this paper as [139]

    The Introduction (§1.1; page unavailable) says fewer resources may make quiet, dark sleep environments harder to maintain and links smaller homes to tighter sleeping conditions. The Results (§3.4; page unavailable) associate lower income-to-needs ratios with more disruptive environmental conditions. The paper reports the proportion of single-parent families in its sample but does not link single caregiving to lower SES, and the passages found do not address caregivers’ evening or shift work. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Worrying specifically contributes to sleep disturbance.

    “research has demonstrated that worrying in particular contributes to sleep disturbance (Bagley, Kelly, Buckhalt, & El-Sheikh, 2015; Yan et al., 2014).”

    From Can Mindfulness Mechanistically Target Worry to Improve Sleep Disturbances? Theory and Study Protocol for App-Based Anxiety Program. (2020) · cites this paper as Bagley, Kelly, Buckhalt, & El-Sheikh, 2015

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Bagley, E. J., Kelly, R. J., Buckhalt, J. A., & El-Sheikh, M.
Affiliations
  • Muhlenberg College (US)
  • University of New Mexico (US)
  • Auburn University (US)
Corresponding author
Bagley, Erika J.
ORCID
Venue
Sleep Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-04
Volume
16
Issue
4
Pages
496-502
ISSN
1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.sleep.2014.10.008
PMC
PMC4395518
OpenAlex
W2110539701
Cited by
237
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 1
FWCI
9.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL093246)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords
socioeconomic status, children's sleep, sleep environment, daytime sleepiness, nocturnal awakenings, income-to-needs ratio, actigraphy
MeSH terms
Anxiety, Child, Environment, Female, Humans, Income, Male, Poverty, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Wake Disorders, Socioeconomic Factors, Actigraphy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review