Correlates of adolescent sleep time and variability in sleep time: the role of individual and health related characteristics
Open accessAbstract
Objectives Adolescents are predisposed to short sleep duration and irregular sleep patterns due to certain host characteristics (e.g., age, pubertal status, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic class, and neighborhood distress) and health-related variables (e.g., ADHD, asthma, birth weight, and BMI). The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between such variables and actigraphic measures of sleep duration and variability.Method Cross-sectional study of 247 adolescents (48.5% female, 54.3% ethnic minority, mean age of 13.7years) involved in a larger community-based cohort study.Results Significant univariate predictors of sleep duration included gender, minority ethnicity, neighborhood distress, parent income, and BMI. In multivariate models, gender, minority status, and BMI were significantly associated with sleep duration (all p<.05), with girls, non-minority adolescents, and those of a lower BMI obtaining more sleep. Univariate models demonstrated that age, minority ethnicity, neighborhood distress, parent education, parent income, pubertal status, and BMI were significantly related to variability in total sleep time. In the multivariate model, age, minority status, and BMI were significantly related to variability in total sleep time (all p<.05), with younger adolescents, non-minority adolescents, and those of a lower BMI obtaining more regular sleep.Conclusions These data show differences in sleep patterns in population sub-groups of adolescents which may be important in understanding pediatric health risk profiles. Sub-groups that may particularly benefit from interventions aimed at improving sleep patterns include boys, overweight, and minority adolescents.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Some studies have found that sleep quality is worse among racial/ethnic minorities, while others have not.
“Although some studies have found that sleep quality is worse among racial/ethnic minorities(229-232), others have not(233-235).”
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [232]
Some studies have found overall sleep quality to be worse among minorities.
“For example, some studies have found overall sleep quality to be worse among minorities (Boss et al., 2011; Kripke et al., 2004; Moore et al., 2011; Patel et al., 2010b)”
From Addressing sleep disturbances: an opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease? (2014) · cites this paper as Moore et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls
Marshall, W. A., & Tanner, J. M. (1969) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.44.235.291 · Cited by 5,963 · see citing works
Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys
Marshall, W. A., & Tanner, J. M. (1970) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.45.239.13 · Cited by 5,147 · see citing works
The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence
Witchel, S. F., Oberfield, S., Rosenfield, R. L., Codner, E., Bonny, A., Ibáñez, L., Pena, A., Horikawa, R., Gomez-Lobo, V., Joel, D., et al. (2015) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000375530 · Cited by 3,113 · see citing works
The Role of Actigraphy in the Study of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms
Ancoli-Israel, S., Cole, R., Alessi, C., Chambers, M., Moorcroft, W., & Pollak, C. P. (2003) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/26.3.342 · Cited by 2,751 · cited 2× · see citing works
“For total sleep time, studies with healthy adults have found rates of agreement with polysomnography (PSG), the ‘‘gold standard’’ of sleep measurement, to be 78–90% [34].”
BackgroundSpiegel, K., Tasali, E., Penev, P., & Cauter, E. V. (2004) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008 · Cited by 2,459 · see citing works
Sleep Schedules and Daytime Functioning in Adolescents
Wolfson, A. R., & Carskadon, M. A. (1998) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06149.x · Cited by 1,676 · see citing works
Epidemiology of the human circadian clock
Roenneberg, T., Kuehnle, T., Juda, M., Kantermann, T., Allebrandt, K., Gordijn, M., & Merrow, M. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2007.07.005 · Cited by 1,545 · see citing works
Pathways to adolescent health sleep regulation and behavior
Dahl, R. E., & Lewin, D. S. (2002) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00506-2 · Cited by 936 · see citing works
ROSEN, C. L., Larkin, E. K., Kirchner, H. L., Emancipator, J. L., Bivins, S. F., Surovec, S. A., Martin, R. J., & Redline, S. S. (2003) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1067/mpd.2003.28 · Cited by 742 · see citing works
Self-citationCircadian preference, sleep and daytime behaviour in adolescence
Giannotti, F., Cortesi, F., Sebastiani, T., & Ottaviano, S. (2002) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00302.x · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Hasler, G., Buysse, D. J., Klaghofer, R., Gamma, A., Ajdacic, V., Eich, D., Rössler, W., & Angst, J. (2004) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.4.661 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Inattention, Hyperactivity, and Symptoms of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Chervin, R. D., Archbold, K. H., Dillon, J. E., Panahi, P., Pituch, K. J., Dahl, R. E., & Guilleminault, C. (2002) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.109.3.449 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Sleepless in Chicago: Tracking the Effects of Adolescent Sleep Loss During the Middle School Years
Fredriksen, K., Rhodes, J., Reddy, R., & Way, N. (2004) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00655.x · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Chaput, J., Brunet, M., & Tremblay, A. (2006) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803291 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Sleep and Risk-Taking Behavior in Adolescents
O'Brien, E. M., & Mindell, J. A. (2005) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15402010bsm0303_1 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Regulation of sleepiness in adolescents: update, insights, and speculation
Carskadon, M. A., & Acebo, C. (2002) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/25.6.606 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Tonetti, L., Fabbri, M., & Natale, V. (2008) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520802394191 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status and Health: The Role of Sleep
Moore, P. J., Adler, N. E., Williams, D. R., & Jackson, J. S. (2002) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200203000-00018 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Developmental Features of Sleep
Mindell, J. A. A., Owens, J. A., & Carskadon, M. A. (1999) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s1056-4993(18)30149-4 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Neighborhood disadvantage as a risk factor for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Spilsbury, J. C., Storfer‐Isser, A., Kirchner, H. L., Nelson, L. J., ROSEN, C. L., Drotar, D., & Redline, S. S. (2006) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.04.061 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Self-citationPrinciples and Practice of Sleep Medicine in the Child
Ferber, R. A., & Kryger, M. H. (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Effects of Cognitive Arousal and Physiological Arousal on Sleep Perception
Tang, N. K. Y., & Harvey, A. G. (2004) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.1.69 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Conduct Problems and Symptoms of Sleep Disorders in Children
Chervin, R. D., Dillon, J. E., Archbold, K. H., & Ruzicka, D. L. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200302000-00014 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Kaplan, J. A. (1996) · Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/s1053-0770(96)80171-6 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Gregory, A. M., Rijsdijk, F. V., Lau, J. Y. F., Dahl, R. E., & Eley, T. C. (2009) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/32.2.189 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Sleep Behavior in an Urban US Sample of School-aged Children
Spilsbury, J. C., Storfer‐Isser, A., Drotar, D., ROSEN, C. L., Kirchner, L., Benham, H., & Redline, S. S. (2004) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.158.10.988 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationKnutson, K. L. (2005) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.20405 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Importance of Sleep in the Management of Pediatric Pain
Lewin, D., & Dahl, R. E. (1999) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-199908000-00007 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Snoring Predicts Hyperactivity Four Years Later
Chervin, R. D., Ruzicka, D. L., Archbold, K. H., & Dillon, J. E. (2005) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/28.7.885 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Associations of Obesity, Sleep-disordered Breathing, and Wheezing in Children
Sulit, L., Storfer‐Isser, A., ROSEN, C. L., Kirchner, H. L., & Redline, S. S. (2005) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200403-398oc · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationGender differences in sleep patterns for early adolescents
Lee, K. A., McEnany, G. W., & Weekes, D. P. (1999) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00074-3 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Johnson, N. L., Kirchner, H. L., ROSEN, C. L., Storfer‐Isser, A., Cartar, L., Ancoli‐Israel, S., Emancipator, J. L., Kibler, A. M., & Redline, S. S. (2007) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.7.899 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationCorrelation between morningness – eveningness and final school leaving exams
Randler, C., & Frech, D. (2006) · Biological Rhythm Research · doi:10.1080/09291010600645780 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Adolescent sleepiness: increased risk in a high-risk population
Carskadon, M. A. (1990) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/0022-4375(90)90038-d · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Bertocci, M. A., Dahl, R. E., Williamson, D. E., Iosif, A., Birmaher, B. B., Axelson, D., & Ryan, N. D. (2005) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000179057.54419.17 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Ethnocultural Differences in Sleep Complaints among Adolescents
ROBERTS, R. E., Roberts, C. R., & Chen, I. G. (2000) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-200004000-00005 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Sleep difficulties, pain and other correlates
Moffitt, P. F., Kalucy, E. C., Kalucy, R. S., Baum, F. E., & COOKE, R. D. (1991) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1991.tb00438.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
CARTWRIGHT, R. D. (1982) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(82)90055-4 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Heath, A. C., Eaves, L. J., Kirk, K. M., & Martin, N. G. (1998) · Twin Research · doi:10.1375/136905298320566140 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The Growing Number of Kids in Severely Distressed Neighborhoods: Evidence from the 2000 Census
Mather, M. (2003) · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Sleep curtailment results in decreased leptin levels and increased hunger and appetite
Spiegel, K., Leproult, R., Tasali, E., Penev, P. D., & Cauter, E. V. (2003) · Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Insufficient Sleep in Adolescents and Young Adults: An Update on Causes and Consequences
Owens, J., ADOLESCENT SLEEP WORKING GROUP, COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, Au, R., Carskadon, M., Millman, R., Wolfson, A., Braverman, P. K., Adelman, W. P., Breuner, C. C., et al. (2014) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-1696 · Cited by 1,413 · see citing works
Functional consequences of inadequate sleep in adolescents: A systematic review
Shochat, T., Cohen-Zion, M., & Tzischinsky, O. (2014) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2013.03.005 · Cited by 837 · see citing works
Sleep disparity, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic position
Grandner, M. A., Williams, N. J., Knutson, K. L., Roberts, D., & Jean-Louis, G. (2016) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.020 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Sleep Patterns and Mental Health Correlates in US Adolescents
Zhang, J., Paksarian, D., Lamers, F., Hickie, I. B., He, J., & Merikangas, K. R. (2017) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.11.007 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Guglielmo, D., Gazmararian, J. A., Chung, J., Rogers, A. E., & Hale, L. (2018) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2017.09.005 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
What keeps low-SES children from sleeping well: the role of presleep worries and sleep environment
Bagley, E. J., Kelly, R. J., Buckhalt, J. A., & El-Sheikh, M. (2015) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.10.008 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Grandner, M. A., Alfonso-Miller, P., Fernandez-Mendoza, J., Shetty, S., Shenoy, S., & Combs, D. (2016) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000000324 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Sleep characteristics and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents: an enumerative review
Matthews, K. A., & Pantesco, E. J. M. (2016) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.06.004 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Sleep disturbances in adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review and framework for future research
Lunsford-Avery, J. R., Krystal, A. D., & Kollins, S. H. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.004 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Sono em adolescentes de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos: revisão sistemática
Felden, É. P. G., Leite, C. R., Rebelatto, C. F., Andrade, R. D., & Beltrame, T. S. (2015) · Revista Paulista de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.rpped.2015.01.011 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Addressing sleep disturbances: an opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease?
Grandner, M. A. (2014) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540261.2014.911148 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Paksarian, D., Rudolph, K. E., He, J.-P., & Merikangas, K. R. (2015) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.302619 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The relationship between psychotic-like experiences and sleep disturbances in adolescents
Lee, Y. J., Cho, S.-J., Cho, I. H., Jang, J. H., & Kim, S. J. (2012) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2012.06.002 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
How Many Sleep Diary Entries Are Needed to Reliably Estimate Adolescent Sleep?
Short, M. A., Arora, T., Gradisar, M., Taheri, S., & Carskadon, M. A. (2017) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsx006 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
School Start Times, Sleep, and Youth Outcomes: A Meta-analysis
Yip, T., Wang, Y., Xie, M., Ip, P. S., Fowle, J., & Buckhalt, J. (2022) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2021-054068 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
What Role Does Sleep Play in Weight Gain in the First Semester of University?
Roane, B. M., Seifer, R., Sharkey, K. M., Van Reen, E., Bond, T. L. Y., Raffray, T., & Carskadon, M. A. (2015) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2014.940109 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Sleep duration and area-level deprivation in twins
Watson, N. F., Horn, E., Duncan, G. E., Buchwald, D., Vitiello, M. V., & Turkheimer, E. (2016) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.5320 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Examining family and neighborhood level predictors of sleep duration in urban youth
Street, N. W., McCormick, M. C., Austin, S. B., Slopen, N., Habre, R., & Molnar, B. E. (2018) · Families, Systems, & Health · doi:10.1037/fsh0000367 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Hemati, Z., Mozafarian, N., Heshmat, R., Ahadi, Z., Motlagh, M. E., Ziaodini, H., Taheri, M., Aminaee, T., Qorbani, M., & Kelishadi, R. (2018) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-018-0381-y · Cited by 26 · see citing works
- Authors
- Moore, M., Kirchner, H. L., Drotar, D., Johnson, N., Rosen, C., & Redline, S.
- Affiliations
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Geisinger Health System (US)
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Moore, Melisa
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 239-245
- ISSN
- 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3050885
- OpenAlex
- W1988864530
- Cited by
- 211
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 14.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL070916, T32HL007567, R01HL060957, K23HL004426)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR002707)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000080)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- adolescent sleep, sleep duration, sleep variability, actigraphy, body mass index, ethnic minority adolescents, pubertal stage, gender differences, socioeconomic status, sleep patterns
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Asthma, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Minority Groups, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
