The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 1 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✗ Asserted: fails✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
Load-bearingStrength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Three of 18 panelists is less than 20%
MinorThree of 18 panelists is 16.7%, not more than 20%. At least four panelists would have to vote outside the specified range to meet the stated threshold.
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
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Items 1,201–1,300 of 4,366
Franco, P., Guyon, A., Stagnara, C., Flori, S., Bat‐Pitault, F., Lin, J., Patural, H., & Plancoulaine, S. (2019) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2018.11.026 · Cited by 18
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“Sleep duration on nights before school days was divided into 8 hours and 8 hours per night, according to adolescent sleep recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation.2 Tiredness in school was divided into feeling tired at school often or every day, and never or rarely.”
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COVID-19 Infection, the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Changes in Sleep
Donzella, S. M., Kohler, L. N., Crane, T. E., Jacobs, E. T., Ernst, K. C., Bell, M. L., Catalfamo, C. J., Begay, R. L., Pogreba-Brown, K., & Farland, L. V. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.795320 · Cited by 18
An actigraphy study investigating sleep in bipolar I patients, unaffected siblings and controls
Verkooijen, S., van Bergen, A. H., Knapen, S. E., Vreeker, A., Abramovic, L., Pagani, L., Jung, Y., der Lek, R. F. R., Schoevers, R. A., Takahashi, J. S., et al. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.076 · Cited by 19
Cheng, G. H. ‐., Chan, A. W.-M., Lo, J. C.-Y., Vernooij-Dassen, M., Moniz-Cook, E. D., & Jeon, Y.-H. (2017) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610217001041 · Cited by 20
Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents
Mousavi, Z., & Troxel, W. M. (2023) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-023-00263-8 · Cited by 18
The association between infant sleep, cognitive, and psychomotor development: a systematic review
Butler, B., Burdayron, R., Goder, G. M., Lewis, C., Vendette, M., Khoury, B., & Pennestri, M. (2024) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsae174 · Cited by 21
“The National Sleep Foundation Guidelines [19] publishes sleep guidelines for infants, children, and adults, and recommend that infants (4–12 months) sleep for 12–16 hours (including naps) each day, resulting in a large range of “normal” sleep duration in infancy.”
BackgroundBai, Z., Han, Y., Zhuang, D., & Sun, C. T. (2024) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112214 · Cited by 19
Effect of smartphone overuse on sleep problems in medical students
Boonluksiri, P. (2018) · The Asia Pacific Scholar · doi:10.29060/taps.2018-3-2/oa1039 · Cited by 18
“Their sleep time duration were less 3-4 times than National Sleep Foundation's Sleep time duration recommendations suggesting that 18-25 year olds should have a sleep duration about 7-9 hours (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundPapadakis, Z., Forsse, J. S., & Peterson, M. N. (2020) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04468-5 · Cited by 20
Waller, N. A., Zhang, N., Cocci, A. H., D'Agostino, C., Wesolek-Greenson, S., Wheelock, K. M., Nichols, L. P., & Resnicow, K. (2021) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.12869 · Cited by 18
Khor, S., Fulgoni, C., Lewis, D., Melvin, G. A., Jorm, A. F., Lawrence, K. A., Bei, B., & Yap, M. B. H. (2021) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00048674211025695 · Cited by 20
“%) adolescents slept less than National Sleep Foundation guidelines for their age (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), and 50 (72.4”
BackgroundInfluentialPonce-Alcala, R. E., Ramírez-García-Luna, J., Shamah-Levy, T., & Melgar-Quiñonez, H. (2021) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980021003153 · Cited by 15
“sleeping time was considered as sufficient with at least 7 h/ d(38).”
MethodLi, W., Sun, N., Kondracki, A. J., & Sun, W. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph181910140 · Cited by 18
The impact of social networks on sleep among a cohort of college students
Wang, C., Mattingly, S., Payne, J., Lizardo, O., & Hachen, D. S. (2021) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100937 · Cited by 18
Al-Hazzaa, H. M., Alothman, S., Alghannam, A. F., & Al-Masud, A. A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14010110 · Cited by 21
Chasens, E. R., Korytkowski, M. T., Burke, L. E., Strollo, P. J., Stansbury, R. C., Bizhanova, Z., Atwood, C. W., & Sereika, S. M. (2022) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2022.01.015 · Cited by 19
Correa, V. S., Centofanti, S. A., Dorrian, J., Wicking, A., Wicking, P., & Lushington, K. (2022) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2022.02.004 · Cited by 19
Symptom Cluster Profiles Among Adults with Insomnia and Heart Failure
Conley, S., Jeon, S., Breazeale, S., O’Connell, M., Hollenbeak, C. S., Jacoby, D. L., Linsky, S., Yaggi, H. K., & Redeker, N. S. (2022) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2022.2060226 · Cited by 18
“Habitual sleep quality, likely reflecting insomnia, was poor overall, while sleep latency, sleep efficiency and sleep duration were consistently lower than recommended values in all three symptom cluster profile groups (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Ohayon et al., 2017).”
BackgroundAlkhraiji, M. H., BARKER, A. R., & Williams, C. A. (2022) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2092982 · Cited by 21
The roles of sleep and eating patterns in adiposity gain among preschool-aged children
Goetz, A. R., Jindal, I., Moreno, J. P., Puyau, M. R., Adolph, A. L., Musaad, S. M. A., Butte, N. F., & Bacha, F. F. (2022) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac197 · Cited by 27
Ruan, H., Zhang, Y., Tang, Q., Zhao, X., Zhao, X., Xiang, Y., Geng, W., Feng, Y., & Cai, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.973291 · Cited by 20
Adolescent sleep myths: Identifying false beliefs that impact adolescent sleep and well-being
Robbins, R., Beebe, D. W., Byars, K. C., Grandner, M. A., Hale, L., Tapia, I. E., Wolfson, A. R., & Owens, J. A. (2022) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2022.08.001 · Cited by 20
Effect of Acupoint Therapies on Postoperative Sleep Quality: A Narrative Review
Wei, W., Huang, X., & Zhu, J. (2023) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.938920 · Cited by 19
Corbett, L., Bauman, A. E., Peralta, L. R., Okely, A. D., & Phongsavan, P. (2023) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-023-01874-9 · Cited by 22
“The National Sleep Foundation’s guidelines state that sleeping for 7–9 hours/night on average (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015) was classified as meeting sleep guidelines for adults.”
Fan, S., Wang, Q., Zheng, F., Wu, Y., Yu, T., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., & Zhang, D. (2023) · JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · doi:10.2196/48032 · Cited by 21
“According to the classification on sleep duration from the National Sleep Foundation [55] and the research from Gu et al [56], the responses were divided into 4 groups based on the number of hours slept per night and scored from 0 to 3.”
Yoshiike, T., Kawamura, A., Utsumi, T., Matsui, K., & Kuriyama, K. (2023) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-023-00460-6 · Cited by 18
Zhang, J., He, M., Yu, Q., Xiao, F., Zhang, Y., & Liang, C. (2023) · Journal of Asthma and Allergy · doi:10.2147/jaa.s423884 · Cited by 19
Ng, A. S. C., Massar, S. A. A., Bei, B., & Chee, M. W. L. (2023) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2023.09.028 · Cited by 21
Altered Functional Connectivity in Working Memory Network After Acute Sleep Deprivation
Feng, S., Yao, H., Zheng, S., Feng, Z., Liu, X., Liu, R., Dong, L., Cai, Y., Jia, H., & Ning, Y. (2023) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.003 · Cited by 18
Poursalehi, D., Shahdadian, F., Hajhashemy, Z., Lotfi, K., Moradmand, Z., Rouhani, P., Mohammadi, S., Mokhtari, E., & Saneei, P. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076114 · Cited by 21
Liu, M., Yadong, W., Song, J., & He, W. W. (2023) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-023-02966-2 · Cited by 19
“Most studies have shown that between 7 and 9 h of sleep each night is ideal for promoting both subjective and objective measures of well-being and mental health [10].”
Moon, C., Schneider, A. C., Cho, Y.-E., Zhang, M., Dang, H., & Vu, K. (2024) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-024-05010-4 · Cited by 22
“Current guidelines state that healthy sleep is a sleep duration of 7 or more hours per night for adults between 18 and 60, 7–9 h for adults between 61 and 64, and 7-8 h for 65 years and older [7–9].”
BackgroundThe role of Klotho and sirtuins in sleep-related cardiovascular diseases: a review study
Rostamzadeh, F., Joukar, S., & Yeganeh‐Hajahmadi, M. (2024) · npj Aging · doi:10.1038/s41514-024-00165-1 · Cited by 18
“In2015,theNationalSleepFoundationrecommended7to9 hofsleep for young people and adults and 7 to 8 h for the elderly 2 .”
Impact of Modern Lifestyle on Circadian Health and Its Contribution to Adipogenesis and Cancer Risk
Dobrovinskaya, O. R., Alamilla, J., & Olivas-Aguirre, M. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16213706 · Cited by 20
Toddler naps in child care: associations with demographics and developmental outcomes
Burnham, M. M., GAYLOR, E. E., & Wei, X. (2016) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2015.12.004 · Cited by 18
Mansour, H., Wood, J. A., Chowdari, K. V., Tumuluru, D., Bamne, M. N., Monk, T. H., Hall, M. H., Buysse, D. J., & Nimgaonkar, V. L. (2017) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1287083 · Cited by 19
Fowler, P. M., Paul, D. J., Tomazoli, G., Farooq, A., Akenhead, R., & Taylor, L. K. (2017) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2017.1341553 · Cited by 18
Sleep and Mental Health in the General Population of Elderly Women
Thomas, K., Redd, L. A., Wright, J. D., & Hartos, J. L. (2017) · The Journal of Primary Prevention · doi:10.1007/s10935-017-0484-5 · Cited by 18
Thomson, J. L., Goodman, M. H., Tussing-Humphreys, L. M., et al. (2018) · Obesity Science & Practice · doi:10.1002/osp4.272 · Cited by 18
Cao, M., Zhu, Y., Li, X., Chen, Y., Ma, J., & Jin, J. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5470-1 · Cited by 18
Disparities in Hypertension Among African-Americans: Implications of Insufficient Sleep
Covassin, N., Greene, E. L., Singh, P., & Somers, V. K. (2018) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0855-1 · Cited by 19
Relative concerns and sleep behavior
Akay, A., Martinsson, P., & Ralsmark, H. (2018) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2018.12.002 · Cited by 20
Experience of Poverty and Problem Sleep in Later Life
Chen, J.-H. (2019) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027519834861 · Cited by 17
Lavner, J. A., Stansfield, B. K., Beach, S. R. H., Brody, G. H., & Birch, L. L. (2019) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-019-1583-7 · Cited by 19
Édouard, P., Richardson, A., Murray, A. M., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2019.00012 · Cited by 18
Teräs, T., Rovio, S., Spira, A. P., Myllyntausta, S., Pulakka, A., Vahtera, J., & Stenholm, S. (2019) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.08.024 · Cited by 19
Ricardo, L. I. C., Crochemore‐Silva, I., Leão, O. A. D. A., Domingues, M. R., & Wehrmeister, F. C. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-019-0895-1 · Cited by 17
Garcia, J. M., Leahy, N. A., Rivera, P. M., Brazendale, K., & Rice, D. J. (2019) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.100885 · Cited by 18
Foscolou, A., D'Cunha, N. M., Naumovski, N., Tyrovolas, S., Rallidis, L. S., Matalas, A., Polychronopoulos, E., Sidossis, L. S., & Panagiotakos, D. B. (2019) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10010014 · Cited by 18
“According to the National Sleep Foundation, sleep duration recommendations for older adults, in order to avoid serious health problems or maintain health and well-being, range from 7 to 8 h/day [38].”
MethodEdmondson, D. R., & Matthews, L. M. (2020) · Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing · doi:10.1080/1051712x.2020.1713557 · Cited by 19
“This difference is supported based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll 1989). This theory describes how individuals attempt to build, retain, and guard valuable resources (Mallin and Mayo 2006). These resources are categorized into four types: (1) objects, (2) energies, (3) personal characteristics,…”
Sleep Duration Is Associated with Academic Achievement of Adolescent Girls in Mathematics
Lin, L., Somerville, G., Boursier, J., Santisteban, J. A., & Gruber, R. (2020) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s237267 · Cited by 27
Baek, Y., Jung, K., & Lee, S. (2020) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.02.006 · Cited by 18
Adolescent Sleep Problems and Susceptibility to Peer Influence
Semenza, D. C., Jackson, D. B., Testa, A. M., & Meldrum, R. C. (2020) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x20969024 · Cited by 18
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends that adolescents get between 8 and 10 hours of sleep each night (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundJindal, I., Puyau, M. R., Adolph, A. L., Butte, N. F., Musaad, S. M. A., & Bacha, F. F. (2020) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/ijpo.12751 · Cited by 19
“They were compared within two age-groups: 5 to 11 years and 12 to 18 years, given the differences in sleep patterns described in adolescents vs younger children.(22) There were no significant differences in race/ethnicity or sex distribution between the children with NW and OW/OB within each age-group.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe Association Between Sleep and In-Game Performance in Basketball Players
Fox, J. L., Stanton, R., Scanlan, A. T., Teramoto, M., & Sargent, C. (2020) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0025 · Cited by 21
Lubas, M. M., Mandrell, B. N., Ness, K. K., Srivastava, D. K., Ehrhardt, M. J., Wang, Z., Hudson, M. M., Robison, L. L., Krull, K. R., & Brinkman, T. M. (2021) · Pediatric Blood & Cancer · doi:10.1002/pbc.28988 · Cited by 17
Dietary patterns and sleep disorders in Mexican adults from a National Health and Nutrition Survey
Pineda, E. B. G., Martínez‐Tapia, B., Rodríguez‐Ramírez, S., Guerrero‐Zúñiga, S., Pérez‐Padilla, R., & Shamah‐Levy, T. (2021) · Journal of Nutritional Science · doi:10.1017/jns.2021.24 · Cited by 18
“According to the National Sleep Foundation, a duration of 7–9 h of sleep are necessary for optimal health in adults (26–64 years of age)((2)).”
MethodResults from the Thailand 2022 report card on physical activity for children and youth
Widyastari, D. A., Saonuam, P., Pongpradit, K., Wongsingha, N., Choolers, P., Kesaro, S., Thangchan, W., Pongpaopattanakul, P., Phankasem, K., Musor, M.-E., et al. (2022) · Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness · doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2022.06.002 · Cited by 23
Sleep is in for Summer: Patterns of Sleep and Physical Activity in Urban Minority Girls
Bates, C. R., Bohnert, A. M., Ward, A. K., Burdette, K. A., Kliethermes, S., Welch, S. B., Silton, R. L., & Dugas, L. R. (2016) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsw009 · Cited by 17
Wu, X., Sun, Y., Niu, K., Yao, W. Q., Bian, B., Yu, X., Zhao, H., & Huang, J. (2016) · Clinical and Experimental Hypertension · doi:10.3109/10641963.2016.1163367 · Cited by 18
Preventing Weight Gain Improves Sleep Quality Among Black Women: Results from a RCT
Steinberg, D., Christy, J., Batch, B. C., Askew, S., Moore, R. H., Parker, P., & Bennett, G. G. (2017) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-017-9879-z · Cited by 18
Obesity in a forensic and rehabilitation psychiatric service: a missed opportunity?
Huthwaite, M., Elmslie, J. L., Every‐Palmer, S., Grant, E., & Romans, S. E. (2017) · Journal of Forensic Practice · doi:10.1108/jfp-03-2017-0007 · Cited by 18
Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review
Żurawski, T., & Bartosiewicz, A. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18010012 · Cited by 18
“In adults, a sleep duration of approximately 7 to 9 h per night, with bedtime and wake up times as consistent as possible, is typically recommended [116].”
He, X., Pan, B., Ma, N., Li, D., Kong, W., Liu, Q., Liu, X., Wang, X., Deng, X., & Yang, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1640263 · Cited by 21
The impact of long haul travel on the sleep of elite athletes
Doherty, R., Madigan, S. M., Nevill, A. M., Warrington, G. D., & Ellis, J. G. (2023) · Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms · doi:10.1016/j.nbscr.2023.100102 · Cited by 23
“While TST during baseline was adequate, TST was less than current sleep recommendations (i.e. 7-9 h) [ (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), (Watson et al., 2015)], on TRAV, A + 1 and A + 3, therefore it was not possible for the athletes to get adequate sleep.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKobel, S., Wartha, O., Dreyhaupt, J., Kettner, S., & Steinacker, J. M. (2019) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-019-1429-3 · Cited by 17
Sleep Duration, Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance: Potential Role of Lipoprotein(a)
Коростовцева, Л. С., Alieva, A. S., Rotar, О. P., Викторович, Б. М., Boyarinova, M. A., Sviryaev, Y. V., Конради, А. О., & Shlyakhto, E. V. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21134680 · Cited by 17
“We applied the classification of sleep duration proposed by the National Sleep Foundation [52]: normal (recommended) sleep duration—7–9 h, and may be an appropriate normal sleep duration—6–10 h.”
MethodEarly starts and late finishes both reduce alertness and performance among short‐haul airline pilots
Arsintescu, L., Pradhan, S., Chachad, R., Gregory, K. B., Mulligan, J. B., & Flynn‐Evans, E. E. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13521 · Cited by 18
Lopes, X. D. F. D. M., Araújo, M. F. S., Lira, N. D. C. C., Dantas, D. D. S., & de Souza, J. C. (2022) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s337361 · Cited by 24
“According to the American sleep association, young adults between 18 and 25 years old have a biological need for 7 to 9 hours of daily sleep.(20) Thus, failure to meet this need leads to possible homeostatic compensation(21) which in turn results in increased sleep duration on free days and contributes to irregular SW…”
BackgroundBoland, E. M., Kelley, N. J., Chat, I. K.-Y., Zinbarg, R. E., Craske, M. G., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Nusslock, R. (2022) · Motivation Science · doi:10.1037/mot0000258 · Cited by 17
“Sleep was self-reported and in the healthy range (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015) limiting assessment of objective sleep fragmentation and the consequences of severe sleep disturbances on reward functioning.”
BackgroundPredictors of Psychological Well-Being among Veterinary Medical Students
Hafen, M., Drake, A. A. S., & Elmore, R. G. (2022) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Education · doi:10.3138/jvme-2021-0133 · Cited by 20
Doncker, K. D., & McLean, N. (2022) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102038 · Cited by 17
Kim, H., Fredriksen‐Goldsen, K. I., & Jung, H. H. (2022) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/08982643221108658 · Cited by 18
“Sleep duration was dichotomized into optimal (7–9 hours) and suboptimal (≤6 hours or ≥10 hours) after rounding duration of sleep to the nearest hour (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Watanabe, K., Sugimura, N., Shishido, I., Konya, I., Yamaguchi, S., & Yano, R. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159429 · Cited by 17
Association between chronotype, sleep pattern, and eating behaviours in a group of Italian adults
Rosi, A., Lotti, S., Vitale, M., Pagliai, G., Madarena, M. P., Bonaccio, M., Esposito, S., Ferraris, C., Guglielmetti, M., Angelino, D., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/09637486.2022.2105826 · Cited by 18
“Sleep quantity was also defined as a dichotomous variable as poor if <7 h per night or good if 7 h per night, based on the National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
MethodZhou, T., Li, R., Shi, Y., Tian, G., & Yan, Y. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.051 · Cited by 17
The potential impacts of circadian rhythm disturbances on male fertility
Li, T., Bai, Y., Jiang, Y., Jiang, K., Tian, Y., Gu, J., & Sun, F. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1001316 · Cited by 19
Amelia, V. L., Jen, H., Lee, T., Chang, L.-F., & Chung, M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192114273 · Cited by 19
“The recommendations for measuring sleep duration do not specify the need for separate weekday and weekend measurements [36].”
BackgroundMethodCornu, Q. L., Chen, M., van Hees, V. T., Léger, D., Fayossé, A., Yerramalla, M. S., & Sabia, S. (2022) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-022-01391-0 · Cited by 18
“At older ages it is recommended to sleep 7 to 8 hours per night, to maintain regular sleep timing, and reduce light exposure at bedtime [10, 11].”
BackgroundSanz-Martín, D., Ortega, F. Z., Tendero, G. R., & Ubago-Jiménez, J. L. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20032004 · Cited by 18
“Current international guidelines establish that children aged 5 to 13 years should sleep at least 9 h per day and that adolescents aged 14 to 17 years should sleep at least 8 h [34,35].”
BackgroundResultMorrison, S., Jackson, R., Haszard, J. J., Galland, B. C., Meredith-Jones, K. A., Fleming, E., Ward, A. L., Elder, D. E., Beebe, D. W., & Taylor, R. W. (2023) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.007 · Cited by 18
Hrozanova, M., Haugan, J. A., Saksvik‐Lehouillier, I., Skalická, V., Krondorf, L., Stenseng, F., & Moen, F. (2023) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2023.04.005 · Cited by 17
Total Joint Arthroplasty and Sleep: The State of the Evidence
Pettit, R., Gregory, B., Stahl, S. M., Buller, L. T., & Deans, C. (2024) · Arthroplasty Today · doi:10.1016/j.artd.2024.101383 · Cited by 18
“The recommended amount of sleep per day is 7-9 hours for adults 18-64 years old and 7-8 hours for individuals 65 years and older [11].”
Healthy lifestyles and better periodontal health: Results from two large population‐based surveys
Marruganti, C., Luthra, S., Hussain, S. B., Suvan, J. E., & D’Aiuto, F. (2024) · Journal of Periodontal Research · doi:10.1111/jre.13320 · Cited by 17
Body Composition, Dietary, and Gustatory Function Assessment in People With Alzheimer’s Disease
Martín, I. S. M., Barato, V. P., Oliva, S. L., Rodríguez, M., Yurrita, L. C., Cabañas, M. J. C., Rojo, S. S., de la Calle, L., Díaz, E. Á., Santos, Y. Q., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® · doi:10.1177/1533317518782173 · Cited by 17
Quick, V., Delaney, C., Eck, K., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051428 · Cited by 17
“In fact, those in the highest family social capital group were the only mothers who met sleep recommendations of 7 to 9 h/night [63].”
BackgroundArrona-Palacios, A., Díaz-Morales, J., Parra-Robledo, Z., & Adan, A. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10204681 · Cited by 16
Sleep Quality and Emotional State of Medical Students in Dubai
Meer, H., Jeyaseelan, L., & Sultan, M. A. (2022) · Sleep Disorders · doi:10.1155/2022/8187547 · Cited by 17
“This study has shown total duration of sleep amongst participants as being below recommended guidelines [12, 13].”
BackgroundHuang, W.-C., Chang, S.-H., Hsueh, M., & Liao, Y. (2022) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2022.10.002 · Cited by 13
Paterson, J. L., Reynolds, A. C., & Dawson, D. E. (2017) · Clinical Gerontologist · doi:10.1080/07317115.2017.1358790 · Cited by 18
Berger, P. K., Lavner, J. A., Smith, J. J., & Birch, L. L. (2017) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-017-0198-8 · Cited by 17
Gore, B. F. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101869-9.00003-0 · Cited by 20
Cohrdes, C., Mensink, G., & Hölling, H. (2018) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-018-1971-8 · Cited by 18
Duncan, M. J., Brown, W. J., Burrows, T. L., Collins, C. E., Fenton, S., Glozier, N., Kolt, G. S., Morgan, P. J., Hensley, M., Holliday, E. G., et al. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026179 · Cited by 18
Jiskrova, G. K., Vazsonyi, A. T., Klánová, J., & Dušek, L. (2018) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-018-0965-8 · Cited by 16
Machado, A. K. F., Wendt, A. T., Menezes, A. M. B., Gonçalves, H., & Wehrmeister, F. C. (2020) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13155 · Cited by 16
“This study used recommendations from the National Sleep Foundation to classify sleep duration (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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