The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
39 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 5 Own method · 5 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Results
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,501–1,600 of 4,366
Zreik, G., Asraf, K., Tikotzky, L., & Haimov, I. (2020) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.07.017 · Cited by 16
Saxena, R., Parmar, N., Kaur, P., & Allen, T. (2021) · Indian Journal of Community Health · doi:10.47203/ijch.2021.v33i01.009 · Cited by 13
“Adolescents of 19-29 years use gadgets regularly before trying to sleep and with an average of 8 to 9 hours of sleep each night to function adequately (29,30) with 27 % of students are at risk of sleep disorders (31).”
BackgroundThosar, S. S., Bhide, M., Katlaps, I., Bowles, N. P., Shea, S. A., & McHill, A. W. (2021) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s322459 · Cited by 13
Dawkins, N. P., Yates, T. E., Razieh, C., Edwardson, C. L., Maylor, B. D., Zaccardi, F., Khunti, K., & Rowlands, A. V. (2021) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2021-0334 · Cited by 13
Potential Effect of the Circadian Clock on Erectile Dysfunction
Li, T., Bai, Y., Jiang, Y., Jiang, K., Tian, Y., Wang, Z., Ban, Y., Liang, X., Luo, G., & Sun, F. (2022) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2021.0728 · Cited by 20
“[55] Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni”
BackgroundLo, J. C.-Y., Koa, T. B., Ong, J. L., Gooley, J. J., & Chee, M. W. L. (2022) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac023 · Cited by 16
“The stability of this small ToT effect demonstrated by the 8 h and 9 h TIB groups over the entire fortnight indicates the adequacy of the amount of nocturnal sleep obtained—in line with the age-specific sleep duration recommendations [11, 31], and that repeated testing was not associated with reduced motivation to per…”
BackgroundNa, M., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Sarpong, C., Kris‐Etherton, P. M., Gao, M., Xing, A., Wu, S., & Gao, X. (2022) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxac086 · Cited by 20
“It is recommended that adults aged 60–64 y sleep for 7–9 h/night and that adults 65 y and older sleep 7–8 h/night (32).”
BackgroundEncouraging Elderly Self-care by Integrating Speech Dialogue Agent and Wearable Device
Ozono, H., Chen, S., & Nakamura, M. (2022) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-05654-3_4 · Cited by 13
Aircrew fatigue, sleep need, and circadian rhythmicity
Mallis, M. M., Banks, S., Dorrian, J., & Dinges, D. F. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-420139-2.00011-3 · Cited by 13
Sleep and nutritional profile of endurance and ultra-endurance running athletes
dos Santos, N. E., Daniel, N. V. S., Franco, B., Bastos, A. M., Belli, T., & Esteves, A. M. (2022) · Sleep Science · doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20220076 · Cited by 14
“Even when they manage their sleep, with short naps for example, there is little evidence to indicate how this should be accomplished during prolonged athletic performance 5 .”
BackgroundFältström, A., Skillgate, E., Weiss, N., et al. (2022) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-022-00603-1 · Cited by 13
“Appropriate sleep duration is between 9 and 11 h per night at 6–13 years of age and between 8 and 10 h per night at 14–17 years of age [21].”
BackgroundBaumann, H., Heuel, L., Bischoff, L. L., & Wollesen, B. (2023) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-023-07182-7 · Cited by 16
“Classification of sleep duration occurs as hours/day, where <6 h/ day = insufficient, 6–9 h/day = sufficient, and >9 = excessive [89].”
BackgroundChan, N., Lam, S. P., Zhang, J.-H., Yu, M., Li, S., Li, A., & Wing, Y. K. (2015) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-015-0008-8
Is insufficient sleep duration associated with suicidal behavior in Korean adolescents?
Park, T.-J., & Kim, J. (2017) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-016-0087-1 · Cited by 13
Chen, C., Schultz, A. B., Li, X., & Burton, W. N. (2017) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2016.0169 · Cited by 12
Factors associated with sleep duration in Brazilian high school students
Felden, É. P. G., Barbosa, D. G., Ferrari, G. J., Santos, M. D. O., Pelegrini, A., & Silva, D. A. S. (2017) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1323759 · Cited by 13
Xiu-e, Z., Cheng, B., Wang, Q., & Wan, J.-J. (2017) · Journal of Investigative Medicine · doi:10.1136/jim-2017-000434 · Cited by 13
Why Should We Study Sleep Health in Hospitality and Tourism Education? A Theoretical Perspective
Chiang, Y. C., Arendt, S. W., Sápp, S. G., & Zheng, T. (2019) · Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education · doi:10.1080/10963758.2019.1575746 · Cited by 13
SUBJECTIVE SLEEP NEED AND DAYTIME SLEEPINESS IN ADOLESCENTS
Ferrari, G. J., Barbosa, D. G., Andrade, R. D., Pelegrini, A., Beltrame, T. S., & Pereira, É. F. (2019) · Revista Paulista de Pediatria · doi:10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00014 · Cited by 13
The coupling of short sleep duration and high sleep need predicts riskier decision making
Lau, E. Y. Y., Wong, M. L., Rusak, B., Lam, Y. C., Wing, Y. K., Tseng, C., & Lee, T. M. C. (2019) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2019.1594807 · Cited by 13
Perbandingan dua jenis olahraga pada pagi dan malam hari terhadap kualitas tidur
Andriana, L. M., & Ashadi, K. (2019) · Jurnal SPORTIF Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran · doi:10.29407/js_unpgri.v5i1.12800 · Cited by 13
Adolescent Sleep and Technology Use Rules: Results from the California Health Interview Survey
Bowers, J., & Moyer, A. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.08.011 · Cited by 14
Faded Bedtime Intervention for Delayed Sleep Onset in an Adolescent With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Luiselli, J. K., Harper, J. M., Shlesinger, A., Murphy, K. J., & Luke, K. (2020) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650119897964 · Cited by 13
“As the result of delayed sleep onset, her continuous sleep during the evening was erratic and less than the 8 to 10 hr per 24-hr cycle recommended for same-aged students (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Paruthi et al., 2016).”
BackgroundHuang, B., Eroglu, E. I., Hamer, M., & Stamatakis, E. A. (2020) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.07.012 · Cited by 13
Lost Sleep: the Lack of Sleep Education and Training in School Psychology
Drapeau, C. W. (2021) · Contemporary School Psychology · doi:10.1007/s40688-021-00355-8 · Cited by 13
Sin, N. L., Rush, J., Buxton, O. M., & Almeida, D. M. (2021) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaab018 · Cited by 14
“Thus, we also created dummy-coded variables to indicate short sleep using two alternative thresholds: ≤6 hr based on the National Sleep Foundation’s guidelines for recommended and appropriate sleep durations for healthy adults ages 26–64 years old [46], and <7 hr based on the consensus recommendation of the American A…”
BackgroundMethodZhu, B., Yin, Y., Shi, C., Chaiard, J., Park, C. G., Chen, X., & Izci‐Balserak, B. (2021) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvab055 · Cited by 13
Ikeda, H., Kubo, T., Sasaki, T., Nishimura, Y., Liu, X., Matsuo, T., So, R., Matsumoto, S., & Takahashi, M. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13449 · Cited by 12
The link between maternal sleep and permissive parenting during late adolescence
Tu, K. M., Elmore‐Staton, L., Buckhalt, J. A., & El‐Sheikh, M. (2018) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.12676 · Cited by 13
Hale, L. E., & Troxel, W. (2018) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2018.304381 · Cited by 13
Chronotype, sleep hygiene, and sleep characteristics among athletes of different disciplines
Borghi, S., Bizzozero, S., Vitale, J. A., Tallini, E., Corazza, F., Torre, A. L., Banfi, G., & Codella, R. (2024) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-2421-9310 · Cited by 14
Coote, T., Barrett, E. L., & Grummitt, L. R. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-21621-x · Cited by 16
The Importance of Sleep in Athletes
Costa, J. A., Figueiredo, P., Nakamura, F. Y., & Brito, J. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.102535 · Cited by 18
Bauducco, S., Özdemir, M., Gradisar, M., Boersma, K., & Özdemir, S. B. (2022) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac018 · Cited by 13
“Insufficient sleep duration in adolescents is defined as less than 7 h sleep/ night [19].”
BackgroundCartanyà‐Hueso, À., Lidón‐Moyano, C., Martín‐Sánchez, J. C., González‐Marrón, A., Pérez-Martín, H., & Martínez-Sánchez, J. M. (2022) · Anales de Pediatría (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.anpede.2021.09.004 · Cited by 12
“≥ 180 min 229 (29,9) 1,08 (0,93-1,26) 1,17 (1,00-1,37) 82 (10,7) 0,95 (0,73-1,24) 1,41”
Zakaria, C., Yılmaz, G., Mammen, P. M., Chee, M. W. L., Shenoy, P. J., & Balan, R. K. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3569489 · Cited by 12
“The risk factors associated with insufficient sleep are performance and cognitive deficits, and its long-term effects are correlated with severe consequences such as obesity, stress, depression, and stroke [3, 21].”
BackgroundSmevik, H., Habli, S., Saksvik, S. B., Kliem, E., Evensmoen, H. R., Conde, V., Petroni, A., Asarnow, R. F., Dennis, E. L., Eikenes, L., et al. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad024 · Cited by 14
Pegado, A., Alvarez, M., & Roberto, M. S. (2023) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13877 · Cited by 16
Depboylu, G. Y., & Kaner, G. (2023) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2023.112166 · Cited by 12
Mohammadi, S., Lotfi, K., Mokhtari, E., Hajhashemy, Z., Heidari, Z., & Saneei, P. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-40625-4 · Cited by 12
Frias‐Gomez, J., Alemany, L., Benavente, Y., Clarke, M. A., de Francisco, J., Vivo, I. D., Du, M., Goodman, M. T., Lacey, J. V., Liao, L. M., et al. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101848 · Cited by 14
Corbett, L., Phongsavan, P., Okely, A. D., Peralta, L. R., & Bauman, A. E. (2024) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daad192 · Cited by 12
“The National Sleep Foundation’s guidelines, sleeping for 7–9 h/night on average (Hirshkowitz et al. , 2015) was classified as meeting sleep guidelines for adults.”
MethodTen-Year Stability of an Insomnia Sleeper Phenotype and Its Association With Chronic Conditions
Lee, S., Smith, C. E., Wallace, M. L., Buxton, O. M., Almeida, D. M., Patel, S. R., & Andel, R. (2024) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001288 · Cited by 13
“” Exhaustion was assessed by one binary (yes/no) item “ During two weeks in the past 12 months, did you feel more tired out or low on energy than usual?”
MethodMeneguci, J., Galvão, L. L., Tribess, S., Meneguci, C. A. G., & Júnior, J. S. V. (2024) · Sao Paulo Medical Journal · doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2023.0144.r2.04122023 · Cited by 13
“13 Thus, it is noteworthy that the results supporting an increase in the time spent sleeping should be interpreted with caution, as duration and previous sleeping time should be taken into consideration in older adults.”
BackgroundRyan, S. T., Okely, A. D., Chong, K. H., Stanley, R. M., Randle, M., Waqa, G., Yamanaka, A. B., Guerrero, R. T. L., COLEMAN, P. H., Shallcross, L., et al. (2024) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2023-0463 · Cited by 13
Associations of meal timing and sleep duration with incidence of obesity: a prospective cohort study
Lyu, J., Lee, K., Jung, S., & Park, Y. J. (2024) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100220 · Cited by 15
“In accordance with the American National Sleep Foundation's sleep time recommendations, a short sleepdurationwas definedassleeping for (cid:4) 6 [230_TD$DIFF] h[33].”
Sleep quality and mental disorder symptoms among correctional workers in Ontario, Canada
Ricciardelli, R., Taillieu, T., McElheran, M., Cramm, H. A., Ajith, H., Johnston, M. S., & Carleton, R. N. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-65891-8 · Cited by 16
Exploring sleepiness and stress among London bus drivers: An on-road observational study
Miller, K. A., Filtness, A., Anund, A., et al. (2024) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2024.107744 · Cited by 12
“The NSF acknowledge that the amount of sleep needed can vary between individuals, however participants in this study obtained less sleep than the amount they re-ported they needed in order to be sufficiently alert for work.”
BackgroundShimizu, K., Kuramochi, Y., & Hayamizu, K. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition · doi:10.3164/jcbn.24-36 · Cited by 13
Ravi Raja, A., & Simon, J. (2024) · International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Smart Systems (ICSCSS) · doi:10.1109/icscss60660.2024.10625352 · Cited by 12
“In 2007, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) [8] introduced significant revisions to the R&K system after a three-year study.”
BackgroundHASPOLAT, N. K., & AĞIRKAN, M. (2024) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-024-02921-z · Cited by 15
“Adolescents require an average of 8 – 10 h of sleep per day (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Sleep patterns in adolescents and associations with substance use
Sancho-Domingo, C., & Carballo, J. L. (2024) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2024.09.002 · Cited by 12
Sleep disturbance and physiological regulation among young adults with prior depression
Hamilton, J. L., Stange, J. P., Burke, T. A., Franzen, P. L., & Alloy, L. B. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.05.016 · Cited by 13
Sonney, J., Thompson, H. J., Landis, C. A., Pike, K. C., Chen, M. L., Garrison, M. M., & Ward, T. M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.8374 · Cited by 12
“36”
Vincent, G. E., Onay, Z., Scanlan, A. T., Elsworthy, N., Pitchford, N. W., & Lastella, M. (2020) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2020.1722309 · Cited by 12
Wilson, K.-A. I., Ferguson, S. A., Rebar, A. L., Alfrey, K.-L. R., & Vincent, G. E. (2020) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep2010009 · Cited by 12
“The current study found no significant difference in FIFO/DIDO partners’ sleep duration when FIFO/DIDO workers were at home and when FIFO/DIDO workers were away, however the average amount of sleep when FIFO/DIDO workers were away was below the recommended 7 hours of sleep [44].”
BackgroundHuang, W.-C., Lin, C., Togo, F., Lai, T., Liao, Y., Park, J., Hsueh, M., & Park, H. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.8964 · Cited by 12
“Generally, the appropriate sleep duration for older adults is regarded as 7–8 hours per night, with a 1–2 hour time buffer.(9) Inappropriate sleep duration, such as short sleep duration, was associated with a greater decline in physical function than those sleeping an appropriate duration.”
The Sleep of Elite Australian Rules Footballers During Preseason: A Comparison of Men and Women
Roberts, S., Falkenberg, E., Stevens, A., Aisbett, B., Lastella, M., & Condo, D. (2021) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0340 · Cited by 12
Li, I.-C., Lin, T., Lee, T.-Y., Lo, Y., Jiang, Y.-M., Kuo, Y.-H., Chen, C., & Chang, F. (2021) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof7050371 · Cited by 12
“Although National Sleep Foundation advises that adults aged 18–60 years are recommended to sleep at least 7 h every night [5], a survey conducted in 2014 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) showed that only 65% of adults reported a healthy duration of sleep while more than 35% among 444,306 adult respo…”
MethodChick, C. F., Singh, A., Anker, L. A., Buck, C., Kawai, M., Gould, C. E., Cotto, I., Schneider, L. D., Linkovski, O., Karna, R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.9508 · Cited by 13
Bedtime routines and objectively assessed sleep in infants
Tsai, S., Lee, C., Tsai, H., & Tung, Y. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14968 · Cited by 12
Rafati, S., Isheh, M., Azarbad, A., Soufi, F. G., Rahimi, A., & Kheirandish, M. (2021) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-021-00737-1 · Cited by 14
“Guidelines also recommend adults to follow a healthy sleep regimen, such as narrowing their daytime naptimes to 30 min, avoiding stimulants like caffeine, especially before their bedtime, avoiding heavy foods like fatty, fried, spicy foods, and also citrus fruits, and finally assuring sufficient exposure to natural su…”
BackgroundAnalysis of risk factors affecting suicidal ideation in South Korea by life cycle stage
Hwang, J.-Y., & Park, I.-S. (2021) · Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives · doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0208 · Cited by 15
Tang, Y., Liu, Z., Wang, S., Yi, Q., Xia, Y., & Geng, B. (2022) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-022-03001-2 · Cited by 12
Chronicity of sleep restriction during Army basic military training
Larsen, P. S., Drain, J. R., Gibson, N. V., Sampson, J. A., Michael, S., Peoples, G. E., & Groeller, H. (2022) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2022.01.008 · Cited by 13
Huang, Q., Jiang, H., Zhang, J., Jia, X., Huang, F., Wang, H., Zhang, B., Wang, L., Gu, M., Huang, Y., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.806871 · Cited by 12
Association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic factors in adolescents
Confortin, S. C., Aristizábal, L. Y. G., Magalhães, E. I. D. S., Barbosa, A. R., Ribeiro, C. C. C., Batista, R. F. L., & da Sílva, A. A. M. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13119-7 · Cited by 14
“However, people with sleep durations too far outside the recommended range may either be involved in sleep deprivation or have health problems [9].”
BackgroundLopes, X. D. F. D. M., Araújo, M. F. S., Lira, N. D. C. C., et al. (2022) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 12
Xu, C. B., Zhao, S., Yu, S., Tang, J., Zhang, H., Xu, B., Xu, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14142840 · Cited by 12
“According to the expert consensus of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society [18,19], sleep duration was divided into short sleep duration (<7 h/day), normal sleep duration (7–9 h/day) and long sleep duration (>9 h/day).”
MethodThe association between physical activity and sleep during pregnancy: a systematic review
Cannon, S., Lastella, M., Evenson, K. R., & Hayman, M. (2022) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2022.2124258 · Cited by 13
Shinto, T., Tahara, Y., Watabe, A., Makino, N., Tomonaga, M., Kimura, H., Nozawa, Y., Kobayashi, K., Takahashi, M., & Shibata, S. (2022) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac035 · Cited by 17
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends 8–10 hours of sleep for 14- to 17-year-olds [17], but it has been reported that approximately 25% of adolescents in Japan sleep less than 6 hours, and sleep loss among adolescents is a growing problem in Japan [18].”
BackgroundPregnant Women’s Attitudes and Beliefs towards Sleep and Exercise: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Cannon, S., Hayman, M., & Lastella, M. (2023) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep5010004 · Cited by 12
“However, such recommendations for pregnant women are not available [1,27].”
BackgroundLifestyle habits and obesity indices among male adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Alhowikan, A. M., Alsharqawy, N. E., Alazmaa, N. N., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37920-5 · Cited by 12
Castelli, L., Galasso, L., Mulè, A., Ciorciari, A. M., Esposito, F., Roveda, E., & Montaruli, A. (2023) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2023.2241906 · Cited by 12
Bommarito, J. C., & Millar, P. J. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00441.2023 · Cited by 13
Treating Obesity in Preschoolers
Towner, E., Clifford, L. M., McCullough, M. B., Stough, C. C. O., & Stark, L. J. (2016) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2016.02.005 · Cited by 15
Shin, N., Park, B., Kim, M., Yun, K., & Yoon, S.-Y. (2017) · Korean Journal of Child Studies · doi:10.5723/kjcs.2017.38.3.33 · Cited by 12
Craig, B. A., Morton, D. P., Kent, L. M., Gane, A. B., Butler, T. L., Rankin, P. M., & Price, K. R. (2017) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-017-0495-9 · Cited by 14
MacLean, A. (2019) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813743-7.00040-2 · Cited by 12
Ji, X., Saylor, J. L., & Liu, J. (2019) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.06.016 · Cited by 12
“Despite a less sleep-deprived sample, nearly half of early adolescents did not meet the 9-hour recommendation for age 12 [46].”
BackgroundAssociation Between Sleep and Obesity in African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study
Jefferson, T., Addison, C. C., Sharma, M., Payton, M., & Jenkins, B. C. (2019) · The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association · doi:10.7556/jaoa.2019.113 · Cited by 13
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends 7 to 9 hours of sleep for adults aged 18 to 64 years and 7 to 8 hours of sleep for adults aged 65 years and older.(6) According to the 2014 Sleep Health Index, the quality of sleep reported mirrored the health of people in the United States.”
BackgroundHerrera, N. R., Guillén‐Riquelme, A., Díaz‐Román, A., Cellini, N., & Buela‐Casal, G. (2019) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.08.001 · Cited by 14
Zwerling, B., Keymeulen, S., & Krychman, M. (2020) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.08.005 · Cited by 12
Tough, H., Brinkhof, M. W. G., & Fekete, C. (2020) · Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/21642850.2020.1838282 · Cited by 13
Larsen, P. S., Marino, F. E., Guelfi, K. J., Duffield, R., & Skein, M. (2020) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13215 · Cited by 12
“As such, it is possible that the effect of habitual sleep patterns prior to the study could not be countered in 3 nights or that sleep needs were met within the 10-hr sleep opportunity (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundBehavioural change, weight loss and risk of dementia: A longitudinal study
Astell‐Burt, T., Navakatikyan, M., & Feng, X. (2020) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106386 · Cited by 12
Mito, N., Fujimoto, E., Sasaki, S., & the Three-generation Study of Women on Diets and Health Study Group (2021) · Journal of Nutritional Science · doi:10.1017/jns.2021.16 · Cited by 13
“The National Sleep Foundation of the USA reported that an adequate sleep duration is 7–8 h and that a sleep duration of less than 5 h is insufficient for optimal health in older adults((40)).”
BackgroundSousa‐Sá, E., Agostinis‐Sobrinho, C., Lopes, L., Moreira, C. M. M., Abreu, S., Pereira, J. R., Zhang, Z., Rodrigues, B., & Santos, R. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.05.001 · Cited by 12
Relations of Lifestyle Behavior Clusters to Dyslipidemia in China: A Compositional Data Analysis
Na, X., Chen, Y., Ma, X., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18157763 · Cited by 12
“The average cumulative time of sleep in the <50 years group was higher than that in the ≥50 years group, but both groups met the criteria of the American Sleep Time Duration Recommendation [39].”
Mahler, L., Sebo, P., Favrod-Coune, T., Moussa, M. A. A., Cohidon, C., & Broers, B. (2022) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101740 · Cited by 13
“This cut-off was defined using the median of our distribution and the recommended hours of daily sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015; Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency, 2021).”
BackgroundMethodÖnder, İ., Önder, A. N., & Yıldırım, E. G. (2022) · Biological Rhythm Research · doi:10.1080/09291016.2022.2088662 · Cited by 11
“The recommended sleep time for individuals aged 18–25 is between 7 and 9 hours (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
BackgroundIkeda, H., Kubo, T., Izawa, S., Nakamura‐Taira, N., Yoshikawa, T., & Akamatsu, R. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191711143 · Cited by 12
“The National Sleep Foundation also recommends 7–9 h and not <6 h of sleep for adults aged 26–64 years [35].”
BackgroundBartfay, E., Stewart, P., Bartfay, W. J., & Papaconstantinou, E. A. (2019) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare7010006 · Cited by 16
Abreu, G. D. A., da Silva, T. L. N., Teixeira, L. R., & Bloch, K. V. (2019) · Cadernos de Saúde Pública · doi:10.1590/0102-311x00152918 · Cited by 11
Wang, T., Seiger, A., Markowetz, A., Andone, I., Błaszkiewicz, K., & Penzel, T. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/60423 · Cited by 15
“Additionally, for some participants, smartphone inactivity consistently occurred between 22:00 and 06:00, aligning closely with the National Sleep Foundation’s recommendation of 7-9 hours of sleep per night for adults [34].”
Say, Y., Nordin, M. S., & Ng, A. L. O. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22340-z · Cited by 12
“Most healthy adults aged 18 to 64 years require between seven to nine hours of sleep per night to function at their best, as recommended by guidelines established by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine [41], the Sleep Research Society [41] and the National Sleep Foundation [42].”
Kondo, K., Tsuchiya, T., Asawa, T., Sakoi, T., Kubota, T., Ekasiwi, S. N. N., Surahman, U., & Koerniawan, M. D. (2025) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113047 · Cited by 11
Sleep and Cardiovascular Health
Pinilla, L., Pumarega, I. C., & Sánchez‐de‐la‐Torre, M. (2025) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-2591-5462 · Cited by 13
Fitton, J., Nguyen, D. P., Lechat, B., Scott, H., Toson, B., Manners, J., Dunbar, C., Sansom, K., Pinilla, L., Hudson, A. L., et al. (2025) · Communications Medicine · doi:10.1038/s43856-025-01226-6 · Cited by 13
Ersoy, E., & Mercan, Y. (2021) · Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine · doi:10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2020.02886 · Cited by 11
“The American National Sleep Foundation has recommended 7-9 hours for adults aged 18-64, and 7-8 hours for adults aged 65 and over (23).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
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