The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 1 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✗ Asserted: fails✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
Load-bearingStrength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Three of 18 panelists is less than 20%
MinorThree of 18 panelists is 16.7%, not more than 20%. At least four panelists would have to vote outside the specified range to meet the stated threshold.
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
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Items 1,001–1,100 of 4,366
Physical activity and sleep problems in homeless adults
Taylor, A., Murillo, R., Businelle, M. S., Chen, T. A., Kendzor, D. E., McNeill, L. H., & Reitzel, L. R. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0218870 · Cited by 24
The association between neighborhood social cohesion and sleep duration in Latinos
Murillo, R., Ayalew, L., & Hernandez, D. C. (2019) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2019.1659233 · Cited by 23
“Sleep duration was categorized, based on current recommendations for sleep time duration for adults, as short (≤6 h/night) and normal (>6 to ≤9 h/night) (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
MethodBlunden, S. L., Magee, C., Clarkson, L., Searle, A., Banks, S., & Olds, T. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.08.002 · Cited by 24
Ávila‐García, M., Femia, P., Huertas‐Delgado, F. J., & Tercedor, P. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17030710 · Cited by 25
“1% [15] of children slept for 9–11 h per night, thereby meeting the sleep duration guidelines [38].”
BackgroundDisparities in Sleep Health among Adolescents: The Role of Sex, Age, and Migration
Míguez, M. J., Bueno, D., & Perez, C. (2020) · Sleep Disorders · doi:10.1155/2020/5316364 · Cited by 27
Movement in High School: Proportion of Chinese Adolescents Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines
Ying, L., Zhu, X., Haegele, J., & Wen, Y. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17072395 · Cited by 24
“To assess sleep, an open-ended question asked: “During the past week, how many hours of sleep did you have on an average weeknight?” Responses within the range of 8–10 h for 14–17 years olds [11], and 7–9 h for 18–19 year olds [25] were coded as “meeting sleep guidelines,” and all other responses were coded as “not me…”
BackgroundDuration of night sleep and cognitive performance of community older adults
Alves, É. D. S., Pavarini, S. C. I., Luchesi, B. M., Ottaviani, A. C., Cardoso, J. D. F. Z., & Inouye, K. (2021) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.4269.3439 · Cited by 23
“As for the number of hours slept, the National Sleep Foundation’s establishes as suitable for older adults from 7 to 8 hours of sleep; however, it does not expose a specific number of hours that are inadequate, placing individual diversity as an important factor in the number of hours needed to maintain health and wel…”
BackgroundMethodSantos, I. S., Del-Ponte, B., Tovo-Rodrigues, L., Halal, C. S., Matijasevich, A., Cruz, S., Anselmi, L., Silveira, M. F., Hallal, P. R. C., & Bassani, D. G. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18062 · Cited by 24
What’s “app”-ning to adolescent sleep? Links between device, app use, and sleep outcomes
Pillion, M., Gradisar, M., Bartel, K., Whittall, H., & Kahn, M. (2022) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.08.004 · Cited by 22
Interventions to increase sleep duration in young people: A systematic review.
Gadam, S., Pattinson, C., Rossa, K., Soleimanloo, S., Moore, J., Begum, T., Srinivasan, A., & Smith, S. S. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101807 · Cited by 23
Zheng, Y., Bao, J., Tang, L., Chen, C., Guo, W., Li, K., Zhang, R., & Wu, J. (2024) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.012 · Cited by 26
Cross-sectional sleep thresholds for optimal health and well-being in Australian 4–9-year-olds
Price, A. M. H., Quach, J., Wake, M. A., Bittman, M., & Hiscock, H. (2015) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.08.013 · Cited by 22
Ames, M. E., Holfeld, B. J., & Leadbeater, B. J. R. (2016) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2016.1163360 · Cited by 23
Effects of Sleep Extension on Inhibitory Control in Children With ADHD: A Pilot Study
Cremone‐Caira, A., Root, H., Harvey, E. A., McDermott, J. M., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2019) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054719851575 · Cited by 28
Does sleep influence weight gain during pregnancy? A prospective study
Balieiro, L. C. T., Gontijo, C. A., Fahmy, W. M., Maia, Y. C. D. P., & Crispim, C. A. (2019) · Sleep Science · doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20190087 · Cited by 25
What Factors Influence the Sleep of On-call Workers?
Vincent, G. E., Kovac, K., Signal, T. L., et al. (2020) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2020.1733575 · Cited by 23
Al-Hazzaa, H. M., Alhowikan, A. M., Alhussain, M. H., & Obeid, O. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8418-1 · Cited by 23
“Most of the sampled children did not get sufficient sleep, as our current study showed that nearly 71% received less than the minimally recommended sleep duration of 9 h per night [37].”
BackgroundSharifan, P., Khoshakhlagh, M., Khorasanchi, Z., Darroudi, S., Rezaie, M., Safarian, M., Vatanparast, H., Afshari, A., Ferns, G. A., Ghazizadeh, H., et al. (2020) · Food Science & Nutrition · doi:10.1002/fsn3.1750 · Cited by 23
Buchan, M. C., Carson, V., Faulkner, G., Qian, W., & Leatherdale, S. T. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17155326 · Cited by 23
Robbins, R., Weaver, M. D., Quan, S. F., Rosenberg, E., Barger, L. K., Czeisler, C. A., & Grandner, M. A. (2020) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/0890117120969091 · Cited by 27
“There are a variety of sleep or fatigue-related domains that could be addressed by workplace health programs, such as programs that promote awareness of healthy sleep duration, which is 7 to 9 hours, according to the National Sleep Foundation.27 Programs could also emphasize healthy sleep behaviors, such as establishi…”
BackgroundAlsameen, M. H., DiFrancesco, M. W., Drummond, S. P. A., Franzen, P. L., & Beebe, D. W. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13304 · Cited by 23
“…a gold- standard measure of sleep need or sleep health for individual adolescents, the HD condition resulted in mean sleep durations that conformed well to consensus recommendations for adolescent sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), whereas the SR condition was clearly below those recommendations.”
ResultPendry, P., Carr, A. M., Vandagriff, J. L., & Gee, N. R. (2021) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/23328584211011612 · Cited by 23
“Content sessions included discussion on how much sleep students are getting versus the amount of healthy sleep needed (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), what happens in the body while we sleep and why it is important (National Sleep Foundation, n.d.), the effects of sleep deprivation, and common barriers…”
BackgroundAssociation between sleep habits/disorders and emotional/behavioral problems among Japanese children
Takeshima, M., Ohta, H., Hosoya, T., Okada, M., Iida, Y., Moriwaki, A., Takahashi, H., Kamio, Y., & Mishima, K. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91050-4 · Cited by 24
Fenton, S., Burrows, T. L., Collins, C. E., Rayward, A. T., Murawski, B., & Duncan, M. J. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072468 · Cited by 25
“8 h per night, which was close to meeting the recommendation of 7–9 h per night for adults aged 18–64 years [68].”
BackgroundLin, L., Xu, S.-L., Wu, Q.-Z., et al. (2021) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-021-00793-0 · Cited by 23
“, > 45 min) according to the international consensus recommendations [13, 14].”
BackgroundCaruso, C. C., Arbour, M. W., Berger, A. M., Hittle, B. M., Tucker, S., Patrician, P. A., Trinkoff, A. M., Rogers, A. E., Barger, L. K., Edmonson, C., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.23363 · Cited by 33
Rea, E. M., Nicholson, L. M., Mead, M. P., Egbert, A. H., & Bohnert, A. M. (2022) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2022.05.002 · Cited by 27
Sleep duration irregularity is associated with elevated blood pressure in young adults
Culver, M. N., McMillan, N. K., Cross, B. L., Robinson, A. T., Montoye, A. H. K., Riemann, B. L., Flatt, A. A., & Grosicki, G. J. (2022) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2022.2101373 · Cited by 27
“However, most American adults do not achieve the 7–9 hours of sleep that is recommended by the National Sleep Foundation (Aminoff et al. 2011; Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
BackgroundLi, R., Chen, Y., Zhao, A., Huang, L., Long, Z., Kang, W., Yin, Y., Tong, S., & Li, S. (2022) · Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1155/2022/7071801 · Cited by 25
“(e United States National Sleep Foundation recommends a sleep duration of 9–11 hours per night for school-aged children (6–13 years old) [3], but data from 12 countries showed that merely 42% of children meet the recommendation [4].”
BackgroundMethodSleep Disturbances and Health Consequences Induced by the Specificity of Nurses’ Work
Knap, M. A., Maciąg, D., Trzeciak-Bereza, E., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19169802 · Cited by 23
“According to experts from the National Sleep Foundation, the recommended length of sleep depends on age and for people between 18 and 65 years of age it should be between 7 and 9 h a day [10].”
Grosicki, G. J., Culver, M. N., McMillan, N. K., Cross, B. L., Montoye, A. H. K., Riemann, B. L., & Flatt, A. A. (2022) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-022-00884-z · Cited by 23
“Mean sleep duration was less than the 7 h of nightly sleep recommended by the National Sleep Foundation [23].”
BackgroundResearch trends in college students' sleep from 2012 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis
Zhou, J., Qu, J., Ji, S., Bu, Y., Yi-cheng, H., Sun, H., Xue, M., Zhou, T., Qu, J., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1005459 · Cited by 28
Doak, S., Kearney, J. M., McCormack, J. M., & Keaver, L. (2023) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.036 · Cited by 29
Nagata, J. M., Lee, C. M., Yang, J. H., Kiss, O., Ganson, K., Testa, A., Jackson, D. B., Al-shoaibi, A. A. A., & Baker, F. (2023) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1089/lgbt.2022.0268 · Cited by 22
Amrynia, S. U., & Prameswari, G. N. (2022) · Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition · doi:10.15294/ijphn.v2i1.52044 · Cited by 23
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Parkes, K. R. (2015) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2015.11.009 · Cited by 23
von Ash, T., & Taveras, E. M. (2017) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2017.07.008 · Cited by 23
Association between short sleep duration and body mass index in Australian Indigenous children
Deacon‐Crouch, M., Skinner, I., Tucci, J., & Skinner, T. C. (2017) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/jpc.13658 · Cited by 22
Yin, X. H., Liu, Q., Wei, J.-T., Xin, M., & Jia, C. (2017) · Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12605 · Cited by 24
Gersh, E., Richardson, L. P., Katzman, K., Spielvogle, H. N., Arghira, A. C., Zhou, C., & McCarty, C. A. (2017) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2017.08.012 · Cited by 23
Vaipuna, T., Williams, S., Farmer, V. L., Meredith-Jones, K. A., Richards, R., Galland, B. C., Morenga, L. T., & Taylor, R. W. (2017) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2017.10.012 · Cited by 23
Valrie, C. R., Trout, K. L., Bond, K. E., Ladd, R. J., Huber, N. L., Alston, K. J., Sufrinko, A. M., Everhart, D. E., & Fuh, B. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology · doi:10.1097/mph.0000000000001067 · Cited by 22
Cannabis use among middle and high school students in Ontario: a school-based cross-sectional study
Sampasa‐Kanyinga, H., Hamilton, H. A., LeBlanc, A. G., & Chaput, J. (2018) · CMAJ Open · doi:10.9778/cmajo.20170159 · Cited by 25
Haescher, M., Matthies, D. J. C., Srinivasan, K., et al. (2018) · doi:10.1145/3266157.3266210 · Cited by 23
How internal and external cues for bedtime affect sleep and adaptive functioning in adolescents
Short, M. A., Kuula, L., Gradisar, M., & Pesonen, A. (2018) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2018.11.018 · Cited by 24
Maternal Sleepiness and Risk of Infant Drops in the Postpartum Period
Bittle, M. D., Knapp, H., Polomano, R. C., Giordano, N. A., Brown, J. T., & Stringer, M. (2019) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/j.jcjq.2018.12.001 · Cited by 23
Armstrong, B., Covington, L. B., Hager, E. R., et al. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.04.005 · Cited by 23
Full, K. M., Moran, K., Carlson, J., Godbole, S. V., Natarajan, L., Hipp, J. A., Glanz, K., Mitchell, J. A., Laden, F., James, P., et al. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0218595 · Cited by 23
“Overall, the entire sample of women had average nightly sleep times that were just under meeting the national recommendations of 7–9 hours per night [28].”
BackgroundMethodSleep characteristics in Brazilian children and adolescents: a population-based study
Almeida, G. M. F. D., & Nunes, M. L. (2019) · Sleep Medicine X · doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2019.100007 · Cited by 23
“Based on the recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation, we found that total nocturnal sleep time was below the recommended values in children and within the low end of the range of recommended values in adolescents, indicating problems in bedtime routine [28].”
MethodFalck, R. S., Davis, J. C., Best, J. R., LI, L. C., Chan, P., Wyrough, A. B., Landry, G. J., & Liu-Ambrose, T. Y. L. (2018) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-018-2837-7 · Cited by 23
Prospective Associations between Weekend Catch-Up Sleep, Physical Activity, and Childhood Obesity
Huang, W. Y., & Wong, S. H. S. (2019) · Childhood Obesity · doi:10.1089/chi.2018.0158 · Cited by 22
Tavernier, R., Hill, G. C., & Adrien, T. V. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.02.007 · Cited by 22
Migueles, J. H., Molina-Garcia, P., Torres-Lopez, L. V., Cadenas-Sanchez, C., Rowlands, A. V., Ebner-Priemer, U. W., Koch, E. D., Reif, A., & Ortega, F. B. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-09469-2 · Cited by 22
Power, C. J., Fox, J. L., Elliott-Sale, K. J., Bender, A. M., Dalbo, V. J., & Scanlan, A. T. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01963-5 · Cited by 24
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends a nightly sleep duration of 8–10 h for teenagers (14–17 years of age), 7–9 h for young adults (18–25 years of age) and adults (26–64 years of age), and 7–8 h for older adults (≥ 65 years of age) [11].”
Howard, C., Mukadam, N., Hui, E. K., & Livingston, G. (2024) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.022 · Cited by 26
“Current guidelines recommend between 7 and 8 h of sleep per night [11].”
Lu, Y.-A., Lin, H., & Tsai, P. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/69657 · Cited by 32
“Although the recommended sleep duration for individuals aged 18 to 25 years is 7 to 9 hours per night [7], a study indicated that 30% to 50% of college students and young adults fail to meet this recommendation [8].”
Association of short sleep duration and long media use with caries in school children
Asaka, Y., Sekine, M., Yamada, M., Tatsuse, T., & Sano, M. (2019) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1111/ped.14075 · Cited by 22
Association between asthma and sleep hours in Brazilian adolescents: ERICA
Estanislau, N. R. D. A., Jordão, É. A. D. O. C., Abreu, G. D. A., Bloch, K. V., Kuschnir, M. C. C., Félix, M. M. R., & Kuschnir, F. C. (2020) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2020.07.007 · Cited by 21
Sleep and stereotypy in children with autism: effectiveness of function-based behavioral treatment
Hunter, J. E., McLay, L., France, K. G., & Blampied, N. M. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.062 · Cited by 23
Mun, H., & So, E. S. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14050960 · Cited by 22
“An adequate sleep time for adults is 7–9 h [20], while excessive sleep time (more than 9 h) has been associated with a lower quality of life and decreased productivity in school and the workplace [21,22].”
BackgroundFriend or Foe: a Narrative Review of the Impact of Diabetes Technology on Sleep
Cobry, E. C., KARAMI, A. J., & Meltzer, L. J. (2022) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-022-01468-x · Cited by 23
García-Serrano, C., Salud, J. P., Solé, L. A., Sol, J., Congost, S. O., Artigues-Barberà, E., & Ortega, M. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11060893 · Cited by 22
“Thanks to this improvement, more than 50% of the participants in the intervention group slept 6 h or more after the intervention, which is the minimum recommended sleep time in adults [40,41].”
BackgroundChen, S., Zhang, X., Du, W., Fan, L., & Zhang, F. (2022) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/ijpo.12950 · Cited by 24
Association between abdominal obesity, screen time and sleep in adolescents
de Oliveira, I. D. R., Maciel, N. M. S., da Costa, B. T., et al. (2022) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2022.02.007 · Cited by 22
“The constant use of cell phones, TVs and computers at night also impairs sleep, as they make adolescents more distressed and prone to postpone bedtime.(3,15,32,33) In this and other studies, shorter sleep duration was associated with a lower intake of unprocessed and minimally processed foods.”
BackgroundMethodSleep Deficiency and Cardiometabolic Disease
Killick, R., Stranks, L., & Hoyos, C. M. (2022) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2022.02.011 · Cited by 23
Alhusseini, N. K., Ramadan, M. M., Almasry, Y., Atout, M., Hamsho, K., Mahmoud, M., Alnasser, S., & Shakir, I. M. (2022) · Health Scope · doi:10.5812/jhealthscope-123801 · Cited by 22
“According to the National Sleep Foundation, adults are encouraged to sleep seven to nine hours every night (1).”
MethodAssociation between sleep duration and chest pain in US adults: A cross-sectional study
Chen, W., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Hu, P.-C., & Chen, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.952075 · Cited by 22
Xiao, Y., Brown, T. T., Snowden, L. R., Chow, J. C., & Mann, J. J. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2716 · Cited by 24
Sleep duration is associated with depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents
Lin, S., Gong, Q., Chen, J., Wang, J., Gao, H., Hong, J., Guo, Y., Zhang, Y., & Jiang, D. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.114 · Cited by 22
Kang, M., Yan, Y., Zhang, H., Guo, C., Fan, X., Sekhar, C., Lian, Z., Wargocki, P. L., & Lan, L. (2024) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.111531 · Cited by 24
Li, M., Zhang, Y., Huang, M., Fan, Y., Wang, D., Ma, Z., Ye, T., & Fan, F. (2024) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.039 · Cited by 25
Everding, B., Hallam, J. E., Kohut, M. L., Lee, D.-C., Anderson, A. A., & Franke, W. D. (2016) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000814 · Cited by 25
Oertel, W. H., Hallström, Y., Saletu-Zyhlarz, G. M., Hopp, M., Bosse, B., Trenkwalder, C., For the RELOXYN Study Group, Högl, B., Röper, C., Saletu-Zyhlarz, G. M., et al. (2016) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-016-0372-1 · Cited by 21
Chronic Sleep Restriction Increases Negative Implicit Attitudes Toward Arab Muslims
Alkozei, A., Killgore, W. D. S., Smith, R. S., Dailey, N. S., Bajaj, S., & Haack, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04585-w · Cited by 21
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Rosa, J. P. P., Silva, A., Rodrigues, D. F., Simim, M. A. D. M., Narciso, F. V., Tufik, S., Bichara, J. J., Pereira, S. R. D., da Silva, S. C., & de Mello, M. T. (2018) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1459660 · Cited by 23
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Sleeping Time, BMI, and Body Fat in Chinese Freshmen and Their Interrelation
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Sleep Disturbance Mediates the Association Between Loneliness and Health in Older Americans
Griffin, S. C., Mladen, S. N., Williams, A. B., Dautovich, N. D., Lageman, S. K., Dzierzewski, J. M., Perrin, P. B., & Rybarczyk, B. D. (2020) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-020-09897-2 · Cited by 23
Associations of Police Officer Health Behaviors and Subjective Well-Being
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“According to the National Sleep Foundation, adults aged 18 to 64 are recommended to obtain 7 to 9 h of sleep per night [2].”
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Does splitting sleep improve long-term memory in chronically sleep deprived adolescents?
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Tobacco smoke exposure and sleep: estimating the association of urinary cotinine with sleep quality
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“[23] about sleeping, with a threshold of 9 h 30 min for these 11- to 16-year-old adolescents.”
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“In addition, players TST, SE, and WASO were outside recommended values for good quality and quantity of sleep (18,30), regardless of the training schedule.”
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“Sleep duration was categorized according to the US National Sleep Foundation’s recommendation as short, proper (7–9 h for adults and 7–8 h for old adults who aged ≥65 years) or long [23].”
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“However, in the present study women had longer sleep durations on average than men, with men’s mean sleep duration being just under the recommendations of seven or more hours per night [40].”
BackgroundLooze, C. D., Feeney, J. C., Scarlett, S., Hirst, R. J., Knight, S. P., Carey, D., Meaney, J. F., & Kenny, R. A. (2021) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab241 · Cited by 20
“Self-reported total sleep duration at Wave 2 and Wave 3 was categorized as Short when ≤6 h and Long when ≥10 h and participants were aged ≤64 or when ≥9 h and participants were aged >65, with the remainder as Normal sleep [55].”
Phillips, S. M., Summerbell, C., Ball, H. L., Hesketh, K. R., Saxena, S. K., & Hillier-Brown, F. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2021.770262 · Cited by 21
“Children’s sleeping patterns change rapidly in the early years of life (10, 11).”
BackgroundMethod
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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