The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 1 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✗ Asserted: fails✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
Load-bearingStrength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Three of 18 panelists is less than 20%
MinorThree of 18 panelists is 16.7%, not more than 20%. At least four panelists would have to vote outside the specified range to meet the stated threshold.
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
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(2001) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 2,158
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Items 1,901–2,000 of 4,366
Dietary Protocols to Promote and Improve Restful Sleep: A Narrative Review
Conti, F. (2025) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaf062 · Cited by 10
Xie, B., Li, M., Wang, Q., Fu, C., Wang, X., & Zhu, D. (2025) · npj Aging · doi:10.1038/s41514-025-00249-6 · Cited by 9
“Sleep quality wasde fi nedbythecriteriarecommendedbytheNationalSleepFoundation, which integrates fi ve sleep behaviors (sleep duration, chronotype preference, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) 40 .”
Sun, X., Qu, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Zhao, H., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1626309 · Cited by 19
Khalil, R. A. (2025) · Food Science & Nutrition · doi:10.1002/fsn3.71309 · Cited by 11
“…both homeostatic sleep pressure and circadian rhythms (Circadian rhythm is the body's internal 24-h biological clock that regulates physiological and behavioral processes such as sleep–wake cycles, hormone secretion, and metabolism in alignment with the light–dark cycle) (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
Giordanengo, A., Öztürk, P., Hansen, A. H., Årsand, E., Grøttland, A., & Hartvigsen, G. (2018) · JMIR Diabetes · doi:10.2196/10431 · Cited by 10
Sex-specific correlates of metabolic syndrome risk in college-aged young adults
Higgins, S., Smith, A. N., Williams, E. R., Das, B. M., Fedewa, M. V., & Evans, E. M. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2020.1869751 · Cited by 11
Association Between Sleep Duration and Intelligence Quotient in 6-Year-Old Children
Lee, K., Kim, J. I., Choi, Y., Cho, J., Lim, Y.-H., Kim, B.-N., Shin, C. H., Lee, Y. A., & Hong, Y. (2021) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-021-09996-8 · Cited by 9
“The National Sleep Foundation recommended that the appropriate sleep duration is between 12 and 15 h for infants, between 11 and 14 h for toddlers, between 10 and 13 h for preschoolers, and between 9 and 11 h for children going to school [1].”
BackgroundGoing to sleep and going to school: Linking bedtime to student absenteeism
Gottfried, M. A., & Kirksey, J. J. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13396 · Cited by 7
Zhang, X., Mao, F., Wu, L., Zhang, G., Huang, Y., Chen, Q., & Cao, F. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.102 · Cited by 9
Lew‐Starowicz, M. (2022) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.02.011 · Cited by 9
Kim, E.-K., & Yi, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191610028 · Cited by 9
“For smoking and drinking, “Yes” and “No” were used to indicate experience or lack thereof, and sleep time duration was divided into categories of 7–8 h (recommend), 5–6 h or 9 h or less (appropriate), and less than 5 h or more than 9 h (inappropriate) [38].”
MethodSelf-reported chronotype and objective sleep timing in university student athletes and non-athletes
Litwic-Kamińska, K., & Jankowski, K. S. (2022) · Sleep Science · doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20220062 · Cited by 8
Metabolic health disparities driven by financial stress: Behavioural adaptation or modification?
Kuo, W., Bratzke, L. C., Hagen, E. W., Hale, L. E., Brown, R., Barnet, J. H., & Peppard, P. E. (2022) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3210 · Cited by 9
Sleep disturbance has the largest impact on children's behavior and emotions
Matsuoka, M., Matsuishi, T., Nagamitsu, S., Iwasaki, M., Iemura, A., Obara, H., Yamashita, Y., Maeda, M., Kakuma, T., & Uchimura, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2022.1034057 · Cited by 9
Fritz, H., Wu, C., Novoselac, A., Kinney, K. A., & Nagy, Z. (2023) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.109997 · Cited by 8
Xie, E. B., Sedov, I. D., Sanguino, H., Freeman, M., Kumari, J., & Tomfohr-Madsen, L. (2023) · Health Psychology Open · doi:10.1177/20551029221149282 · Cited by 8
“Sleep that was less than 7 hours (420 minutes) or more than 9 hours (540 minutes) was scored as 0 while 1 was indicative of a ‘healthy’ amount of sleep; between 7 and 9 hours (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundSoltero, E. G., Lopez, C., Musaad, S. M. A., O’Connor, T. M., & Thompson, D. I. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2023.107117 · Cited by 7
Kerkamm, F., Dengler, D., Eichler, M., Materzok-Köppen, D., Belz, L., Neumann, F. A., Zyriax, B., Harth, V., & Oldenburg, M. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20043168 · Cited by 9
“At 5.4 h (323.2 min), it was also below the minimum sleep duration of 6 h recommended by the National Sleep Foundation [45].”
BackgroundInfluentialSleep duration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A GIS-based large sample survey study
Al‐Mamun, F., Hussain, N., Sakib, N., Hosen, I., Rayhan, I., Abdullah, A. H., Bhuiyan, A. K. M. I., Sarker, M. A., Hossain, S., Zou, L., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-30023-1 · Cited by 8
Self-citationSleep from Infancy Through Adolescence
Zandieh, S. O., Johnson, S., & Katz, E. S. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.01.007 · Cited by 8
Self-citationPriya, P. G., Asokan, S., YogeshKumar, T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry · doi:10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_146_23 · Cited by 8
Sleep deprivation during pregnancy leads to poor fetal outcomes in Sprague–Dawley rats
Li, J., Peng, X., Zhong, H., Liu, S., Shi, J., Zhou, X., & Li, B. (2023) · Journal of Reproductive Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jri.2023.104166 · Cited by 8
Galland, B. C., Haszard, J. J., Jackson, R., Morrison, S., Meredith-Jones, K., Elder, D. E., Beebe, D. W., & Taylor, R. W. (2023) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2023.09.012 · Cited by 8
Decoupling awake and asleep thermal comfort: Impact on building design optimization
Salimi, S., Guillén, E. E., & Samuelson, H. W. (2023) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108183 · Cited by 8
Zhou, R., Zhang, B., Zhang, W., Kong, T., Fu, J., Li, J., & Shi, J. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078333 · Cited by 11
Hu, H., Wu, Y., Zhao, M., Liu, J., & Xie, P. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0301212 · Cited by 7
“Generally, the optimal sleep duration is 7 to 9 hours, but according to recent studies, people’s sleep duration has been decreasing over the past few decades [9, 10].”
BackgroundPresenteeism and sleep duration on workdays and days off
Takano, Y., Okajima, I., Ando, T., Iwano, S., & Inoue, Y. (2024) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqae028 · Cited by 8
Sleep Quality and Sleep Hygiene as Predictors of Mental Health among University Students
Malik, N., Ashiq, I., & Khan, R. M. (2024) · Journal of Asian Development Studies · doi:10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.560 · Cited by 8
Choi, E. J., Séguin, D., Hmidan, A., & Duerden, E. G. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36889 · Cited by 11
“According to the Canadian 24-h Movement Guidelines, 9 – 11 h of sleep are recommended for children aged 5 – 13 years and 8 – 10 h are recommended in adolescents aged 14 – 17 years [10], which are similar with worldwide guidelines [11].”
Backgroundde Holanda, G. A., de Holanda, T. A., & Casarin, M. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.02.023 · Cited by 8
Easton, D. F., Gupta, C. C., Vincent, G. E., Vandelanotte, C., Duncan, M. J., Tucker, P., Milia, L. V. D., & Ferguson, S. A. (2025) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2025.2503866 · Cited by 8
“…condition might have been driven by the bright lighting within our laboratory (>300 lux), acting as both an alerting factor and as a promotor of circadian adaption (Sunde et al. 2020), and/or the adequate sleep experienced by flexible (7.9 h) and rigid (7.2 h) types (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
InfluentialExcessive Daytime Sleepiness and Its Risk Factors for Commercial Bus Drivers in Korea
Kim, S., Um, Y. H., Kim, T., Jeong, J., Seo, H., Song, J. H., & Hong, S. (2017) · Sleep Medicine Research · doi:10.17241/smr.2017.00122 · Cited by 8
Mackay, A. V. P., Mackay, D., Celis-Morales, C. A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdy155 · Cited by 8
Assessment and initial management of suspected behavioural insomnia in pre-adolescent children
Hill, C. M., & Everitt, H. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k3797 · Cited by 8
Hrozanova, M., Moen, F., Myhre, K., Klöckner, C. A., & Pallesen, S. (2018) · Cogent Medicine · doi:10.1080/2331205x.2018.1548549 · Cited by 8
Actigraphy for estimation of the characteristics of sleep and sleep-wake rhythm
Викторович, Б. М., Коростовцева, Л. С., Медведева, Е. А., & Sviryaev, Y. V. (2019) · Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.17116/profmed20192202195 · Cited by 8
Sleep disorders and stroke: data of the esse-rf study
Викторович, Б. М., Коростовцева, Л. С., Медведева, Е. А., Rotar, O. P., Sviryaev, Y. V., Zhernakova, Y. V., Shalnova, S. A., Конради, А. О., Chazova, I. E., Бойцов, С. А., et al. (2019) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro201911904273 · Cited by 8
James, R., Moore, A. L., Carpenter Dick, M., Miller, T. M., & Ledbetter, C. R. (2019) · OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.21926/obm.icm.1903054 · Cited by 8
Kim, J.-A., & Lee, S.-Y. (2019) · Daehan imsang geon-gang jeungjin hakoeji/Daehan imsang geon'gang jeungjin haghoeji · doi:10.15384/kjhp.2019.19.4.237 · Cited by 8
Moran, R., & Ingargiola, A. (2020) · Applied Neuropsychology Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2020.1751163 · Cited by 8
Subjective and objective sleep among air ambulance personnel
Flaa, T. A., Bjorvatn, B., Pallesen, S., Røislien, J., Zakariassen, E., Harris, A., & Waage, S. (2020) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1802288 · Cited by 11
“However, the total amount of sleep the workers obtained in the summer season was 7:03 h, indicating the sleep duration was within normal limits (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
BackgroundLeón-González, R., Rodríguez‐Artalejo, F., Ortolá, R., López-Garcı́a, E., & García‐Esquinas, E. (2021) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s288195 · Cited by 8
“Sleep duration was obtained with the question: “Approximately, for how long do you usually sleep per night?” Responses were categorized as short (<6 h), normal (7–8 h), or long sleep (>9 h).(39) A sleep disturbance scale was built as the sum of the points given to each symptom of sleep disturbance (ie, bad overall sle…”
MethodRavyts, S. G., Sannes, T. S., Dzierzewski, J. M., Zhou, E. S., Brewer, B. W., Natvig, C. L., & Laudenslager, M. L. (2021) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5680 · Cited by 8
“Age was included as an a priori covariate due to its known relationships with both depression and sleep.(20,28) Depression and anxiety, as measured by the CES‐D and STAI‐S 6‐month posttransplant, were entered as the respective outcome variables for each of four models.”
MethodCarr, S. C., Young‐Hauser, A., Hodgetts, D., et al. (2021) · Journal of Sustainability Research · doi:10.20900/jsr20210012 · Cited by 8
“In labour policy terms, working in a job is supposed to support everyday quality of living [1,2].”
BackgroundPina, I., Mendham, A. E., Tomaz, S. A., Goedecke, J. H., Micklesfield, L. K., Brooks, N. E., Gallagher, I. J., Crockett, R., Dudchenko, P. A., & Hunter, A. M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18084310 · Cited by 9
“To assess sleep patterns, we classified participants according to National Sleep Foundation (NSF) recommendations [41].”
MethodA primer on sleep for MFTs: Implications and practical considerations
Novak, J. R., & Gillis, B. T. (2021) · Journal of Marital and Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/jmft.12528 · Cited by 8
Noi, S., Shikano, A., Ryo, T., Tanabe, K., Enomoto, N., Kidokoro, T., Yamada, N., & Yoshinaga, M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18126309 · Cited by 8
“Additionally, all sleep durations shown in Table 1 were below the age-specific recommendations, as per the Sleep Duration Recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation [30].”
MethodLee, B. G., & Lee, H. (2021) · Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing · doi:10.4040/jkan.21034 · Cited by 8
Godoy-Cumillaf, A. E. R., Fuentes-Merino, P., Díaz, J. J., & Vásquez-Gómez, J. (2021) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v43i0.87285 · Cited by 10
Association of short sleep duration and trabecular bone score
Shiao, Y.-C., Chen, W., & Chen, W. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99410-w · Cited by 8
Vanderlinden, J., Boen, F., Puyenbroeck, S. V., & van Uffelen, J. G. Z. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12780-2 · Cited by 8
“Although the total sleep time in both groups is lower than the average recommended total sleep time for older adults [52, 53], the average sleep efficiency in both groups is higher than the cut off value of 85%, which is considered to be efficient sleep [43, 54].”
BackgroundAmon, M. J., Mattingly, S. M., Necaise, A., Mark, G., Chawla, N., Dey, A., & D'Mello, S. K. (2022) · ACM Trans. Comput. Heal. · doi:10.1145/3514259 · Cited by 9
“The American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the Sleep Research Society, and the National Sleep Foundation recommend at least seven or more hours of sleep per night for adults [58, 126].”
BackgroundSleep deprivation and adolescent susceptibility to vaping in the United States
Holtz, K. D., Simkus, A., Twombly, E. C., Fleming, M. L., & Wanty, N. (2022) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101756 · Cited by 8
Oftedal, S., Holliday, E. G., Reynolds, A. C., Bennie, J. A., Kline, C. E., & Duncan, M. J. (2022) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2021-0682 · Cited by 8
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y características del sueño: un estudio poblacional en Tumbes, Perú
Burneo, C. L. R., Rivera, J. A. M., & Bernabé‐Ortiz, A. (2022) · Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública · doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2022.391.10755 · Cited by 8
“Variable dependiente Tres fueron las variables dependientes de interés, relacionada con ciertas características del sueño: Duración de sueño: evaluada a través de la pregunta: «¿En promedio, en el último año, cuántas horas durmió en un día? », y categorizada de acuerdo con la definición de la Fundación Nacional del Su…”
BackgroundVraa, M., Pascoe, S. C., Maddox, D., Rhon, D. I., Cleland, J. A., & Young, J. L. (2022) · Musculoskeletal Science and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2022.102572 · Cited by 10
Tanielian, M., Antoun, J., Sidani, M., Halabi, A., Hoballah, M. M., Hawatian, K., & Assaf, G. (2022) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-022-01707-w · Cited by 8
“According to the National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations, sleeping 7–9 h per night for adults and 7–8 h per night for older adults is appropriate [8].”
BackgroundFerreira, M. D. S., Nunes, S. A. N., Papini, C. B., et al. (2022) · journal of physical education · doi:10.4025/jphyseduc.v33i1.3321 · Cited by 8
Liu, Y., Fauth, E. B., Fleming, D. J. M., & Lorenz, R. A. (2022) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbac074 · Cited by 9
Fenech, A. L., Perndorfer, C., Soriano, E. C., Otto, A. K., Brownlee, H. A., Morreale, M. T., Siegel, S. D., & Laurenceau, J. (2022) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-022-07195-z · Cited by 8
Rainer, M. A., Palmer, P. H., & Xie, B. (2022) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-022-01409-0 · Cited by 8
“These categories are consistent with the National Sleep Foundation recommended sleep duration for older adults as well as other published studies [1, 5, 27].”
ResultParental Discontent with Infant Sleep During the First Two Years of Life
Ginkel, M. W. H., Imkamp, N. L. E., van Houtum, L., Vrijkotte, T. G. M., Haddi-Toutouh, Y. B., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2023) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2022.2156867 · Cited by 8
Klumpp, H., Chang, F., Bauer, B. W., & Burgess, H. J. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13020288 · Cited by 8
“92 h a night, which suggests many of the participants did not obtain the recommended 7 h of sleep a night for adults [50].”
BackgroundHan, L., & Wang, Q. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190948 · Cited by 9
“Moreover, the expert consensus of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society defined SSD as a sleep duration of fewer than 7 h in an average 24-h period (47, 48).”
BackgroundTapia, A. L., Yu, L., Lim, A. S. P., Barnes, L. L., Hall, M. H., Butters, M. A., Buysse, D. J., & Wallace, M. L. (2023) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2023.08.008 · Cited by 9
“” c Based on recommendations by the National Sleep Foundation for older adults.(62)”
MethodTzischinsky, O. (2016) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2016.1223903 · Cited by 8
Pagliai, G., Dinu, M., Casini, A., & Sofi, F. (2017) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/09637486.2017.1330405 · Cited by 8
Sleep and other correlates of high-level health in older adults
Chasens, E. R., Yang, K., Baniak, L. M., Choi, J., & Imes, C. C. (2017) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2017.11.002 · Cited by 8
Child Physical Well-Being in the Context of Maternal Depression
Dow‐Fleisner, S., & Hawkins, S. S. (2018) · Social Work Research · doi:10.1093/swr/svy006 · Cited by 8
Development of a Lifelogs-Based Daily Wellness Score to Advance a Smart Wellness Service
Kim, K.-H., Kim, K.-J., Lim, C., & Heo, J.-Y. (2018) · Service Science · doi:10.1287/serv.2018.0216 · Cited by 8
Wang, F., Chow, I. H. I., Li, L., Li, X., Ng, C. H., Ungvari, G. S., Wang, A., Jia, F., Zhang, Y., & Xiang, Y. (2019) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12353 · Cited by 8
Comparing the Acute Presentation of Sport-Related Concussion in the Pediatric and Adult Populations
Corti, S., Pizzimenti, N. M., McCarthy, M. T., Essad, K. M., & Kutcher, J. S. (2019) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073818825031 · Cited by 8
Sleep Measurement in Toddlers From Low-income Families
Covington, L. B., Rogers, V. E., & Black, M. M. (2019) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000651 · Cited by 8
Variations in Genes Related to Sleep Patterns in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Johansson, A. E. E., Dorman, J. S., Chasens, E. R., Feeley, C. A., & Devlin, B. (2019) · Biological Research For Nursing · doi:10.1177/1099800419843604 · Cited by 9
Sleep knowledge, goals, and habits in soldiers
McDonald, J. L., Ganulin, M. L., LoPresti, M. L., & Adler, A. B. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.04.006 · Cited by 9
The Relationship between Sleep Habits and Mental Health in Iranian Elementary School Children
Shamsaei, F., Daraei, M. M., Ahmadinia, H., Khalili, A., & Seif, M. (2019) · Sleep Science · doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20190067 · Cited by 12
Habitual sleep duration predicts caloric and macronutrient intake during sleep deprivation
Satterfield, B. C., & Killgore, W. D. S. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.08.012 · Cited by 8
Enríquez, M. E. A., Uribe-Salas, F. J., Baek, J., Archbold, J. P. S., & Carrillo, G. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-8042-0 · Cited by 10
Sleep duration trajectories from age 3 to 48 months in The Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 Birth Cohort Study
Xavier, M. O., Bielemann, R. M., Carpena, M. X., Barros, F. C., Matijasevich, A., & Santos, I. S. (2020) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/ppe.12628 · Cited by 8
Diagnóstico diferencial del insomnio con otros trastornos primarios del sueño comórbidos
Ferré, À., Rodriguez-Ulecia, I., & García-Gurtubay, I. (2020) · Atención Primaria · doi:10.1016/j.aprim.2019.11.011 · Cited by 10
Park, H. K., Kim, J., & Shim, Y. S. (2020) · Childhood Obesity · doi:10.1089/chi.2019.0191 · Cited by 8
Olashore, A. A., Akanni, O. O., & Ayilara, O. O. (2020) · Substance Abuse Research and Treatment · doi:10.1177/1178221820957306 · Cited by 8
“While sleep quantity (number of hours of sleep during the night) is an essential determinant of how "good sleep" could be de ned, the quality of sleep is a more important determinant of optimal sleep as the range of sleep quantity vary widely from one individual to the other [2].”
BackgroundHyperglycemia in pregnancy: sleep alterations, comorbidities and pharmacotherapy
Façanha, C. F. S., de Bruin, V. M. S., de Bruin, P. F. C., FACANHA, A. S., Rocha, H. C. L. S., de Araújo, M. S. P., Forti, A. C. E., & Macêdo, R. B. L. (2021) · Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira · doi:10.1590/1806-9282.67.01.20200216 · Cited by 8
de Oliveira, V. M., Brasil, M. R., Chumlhak, Z., Cordel, P. T., Czuy, G. H. B., & Ribas, S. (2017) · Saúde e meio ambiente revista interdisciplinar · doi:10.24302/sma.v6i1.1382 · Cited by 8
Kebbe, M., Sampasa‐Kanyinga, H., Hamilton, H. A., Colman, I., & Chaput, J. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.10.021 · Cited by 8
Karulkar, R. R., Ravi, R., & Gunjawate, D. R. (2020) · Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology · doi:10.1080/14015439.2020.1788158 · Cited by 8
“All the singers reported 6–8 h of sleep per night, which is sufficient for an individual to function normally [39].”
BackgroundWehrmeister, F. C., Wendt, A. T., Tavares, P. D. S., dos Santos, F. S., Dias, M. D. S., Carpena, M. X., Weber, P., Reyes, U., Barros, F. C., Gonçalves, H., et al. (2020) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.09.006 · Cited by 8
Profile of gut flora in hypertensive patients with insufficient sleep duration
Jiao, J., Dong, Y., Wang, P., Zuo, K., Han, C., Cai, J., Zhong, J., Yang, X., & Li, J. (2021) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/s41371-021-00529-0 · Cited by 7
Zheng, J., Zhou, X., Cai, R., Liu, Q., Yu, R., & Liu, K. (2021) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000000991 · Cited by 7
Chen, J., & Chen, W. (2021) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.09.004 · Cited by 7
Sprajcer, M., Owen, P. J., Crowther, M. E., Harper, K., Gupta, C. C., Ferguson, S. A., Gibson, R. H., & Vincent, G. E. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062089 · Cited by 7
van Uden, B. C. D., Timmermans, A., van den Boogaard, E., Motazedi, E., & Vrijkotte, T. G. M. (2023) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103700 · Cited by 8
Bond, J. C., Coleman, C. M., Yland, J. J., Wesselink, A. K., Wang, T. R., Willis, M. D., Hatch, E. E., Rothman, K. J., Savitz, D. A., Eisenberg, M. L., et al. (2023) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dead249 · Cited by 7
Eyes Wide Open: Sleep as a Potential Contributor to Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer
Barber, L. E., McCullough, L. E., & Johnson, D. A. (2024) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1117 · Cited by 9
Nyarko, S. H., & Xiao, Q. (2024) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep6020016 · Cited by 7
“It is recommended that adults regularly take 7 to 9 h of sleep per day to support optimal health [2,3].”
BackgroundAshby, C., Driller, M. W., Suppiah, H. T., & O’Donnell, S. (2024) · Sleep Science · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1777778 · Cited by 9
“26 Furthermore, differences in sleep indices were observed between the three types of nights (EARLY, DAY, and REST), with TSTsigni fi cantly reduced on nights preceding EARLY training compared with both DAY training and REST by 1:47 and 2:06hour:min, respectively.”
BackgroundMethodClegg, I., Notebaert, L., & Richardson, C. E. (2024) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104569 · Cited by 7
Yang, J., Yu, J., Kim, J., & Park, E. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16132136 · Cited by 7
Shaikh, S. A., Alintakli, F., Mohamed, M., Mohammed, M., Khanam, R., & Shetty, P. J. (2024) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1602_23 · Cited by 11
“[25] This suggests that a substantial proportion of young adults are prioritizing adequate sleep duration.”
Backgroundde Passos, T. O. M., Mesas, A. E., Beneit, N., Goñi, V. D., Peral-Martinez, F., Cekrezi, S., Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V., & Jiménez‐López, E. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13185482 · Cited by 8
“The sleep duration (component 3) categories followed the National Sleep Foundation guidelines for younger adults (7 to 9 h [h] per night) [46].”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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