Socioeconomic inequalities and mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Reiss, Franziska

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.026

Cited by 2,062Health disparities and outcomesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and Access

Socioeconomic inequalities and mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Reiss, Franziska·2013·Social Science & Medicine

DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.026

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Abstract

Socioeconomic inequalities in health are an important topic in social sciences and public health research. However, little is known about socioeconomic disparities and mental health problems in childhood and adolescence. This study systematically reviews publications on the relationships between various commonly used indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health outcomes for children and adolescents aged four to 18 years. Studies published in English or German between 1990 and 2011 were included if they reported at least one marker of socioeconomic status (an index or indicators, e.g., household income, poverty, parental education, parental occupation status, or family affluence) and identified mental health problems using validated instruments. In total, 55 published studies met the inclusion criteria, and 52 studies indicated an inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and mental health problems in children and adolescents. Socioeconomically disadvantaged children and adolescents were two to three times more likely to develop mental health problems. Low socioeconomic status that persisted over time was strongly related to higher rates of mental health problems. A decrease in socioeconomic status was associated with increasing mental health problems. The strength of the correlation varied with age and with different indicators of socioeconomic status, whereas heterogeneous findings were reported for gender and types of mental health problems. The included studies indicated that the theoretical approaches of social causation and classical selection are not mutually exclusive across generations and specific mental health problems; these processes create a cycle of deprivation and mental health problems. The review draws attention to the diversity of measures used to evaluate socioeconomic status, which might have influenced the comparability of international epidemiological studies. Furthermore, the review highlights the need for individual-level early childhood interventions as well as a reduction in socioeconomic inequalities at a societal level to improve mental health in childhood and adolescence.

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Socioeconomic status is an important factor affecting adolescent mental health.
“Socioeconomic status is an important factor affecting adolescent mental health (Wildman, 2003; Reiss, 2013)”
From COVID-19 pandemic and adolescent mental health in China: Micro evidence and socioeconomic mechanisms (2022) · cites this paper as Reiss, 2013
Young people who are socially and economically disadvantaged are disproportionately affected by mental health problems.
“Young people who are socially and economically disadvantaged are disproportionately affected by mental health problems (Reiss, 2013)”
From A pilot evaluation of the SPARX-R gaming intervention for preventing depression and improving wellbeing among adolescents in alternative education (2017) · cites this paper as Reiss, 2013

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Socioeconomic status, depression, and health service utilization among adolescent women
Goodman, E., & Huang, B. (2001) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/s1049-3867(01)00077-9 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Adolescent Mental Health
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Family Transformations and the Well-being of Children: Recent Evidence from Canadian Longitudinal Data
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Children of perestroika: the changing socioeconomic conditions in Russia and Ukraine and their effect on the psychological well-being of high-school adolescents
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Flagged first, then by citations

4 of the 102 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Gender Differences in Depression in Representative National Samples: Meta-Analyses of Diagnoses and Symptoms
Salk, R. H., Hyde, J. S., & Abramson, L. Y. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000102 · Cited by 2,622 · see citing works
“Abundant evidence suggests a relationship between financial hardship and depression in both sexes (Reiss, 2013).”
The social determinants of mental health and disorder: evidence, prevention and recommendations
Kirkbride, J. B., Anglin, D. M., Colman, I., Dykxhoorn, J. L., Jones, P. B., Patalay, P., Pitman, A., Soneson, E., Steare, T., Wright, T., et al. (2024) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21160 · Cited by 1,410 · see citing works
Review: Mental health impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children and youth – a systematic review
Samji, H., Wu, J., Ladak, A., Vossen, C., Stewart, E., Dove, N., Long, D., & Snell, G. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.12501 · Cited by 953 · see citing works
“…in our review due to a dearth of papers © 2021 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health addressing these subjects, both have been associated with poor mental health outcomes related to social marginalization (Priest et al., 2013; Reiss, 2013) and are important areas for future work.”
Background
Neurodevelopment of the association cortices: Patterns, mechanisms, and implications for psychopathology
Sydnor, V. J., Larsen, B., Bassett, D. S., Alexander‐Bloch, A. F., Fair, D. A., Liston, C. M., Mackey, A. P., Milham, M. P., Pines, A. R., Roalf, D. R., et al. (2021) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.016 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
Early-Life Adversity and Physical and Emotional Health Across the Lifespan: A Neuroimmune Network Hypothesis
Nusslock, R., & Miller, G. E. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.05.017 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review
Banks, L. M., Kuper, H., & Polack, S. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189996 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Inflammation–Nature's Way to Efficiently Respond to All Types of Challenges: Implications for Understanding and Managing “the Epidemic” of Chronic Diseases
Bennett, J. M., Reeves, G., Billman, G. E., & Sturmberg, J. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00316 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
Socioeconomic status, stressful life situations and mental health problems in children and adolescents: Results of the German BELLA cohort-study
Reiß, F., Meyrose, A., Otto, C., Lampert, T., Klasen, F., & Ravens‐Sieberer, U. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213700 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Drivers of human development: How relationships and context shape learning and development <sup>1</sup>
Osher, D., Cantor, P., Berg, J., Steyer, L., & Rose, T. (2020) · Applied Developmental Science · doi:10.1080/10888691.2017.1398650 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
“prevent the intergenerational transmission to future generations of children and families of adversity and its many risks to development (Reiss, 2013).”
Background
The association between socioeconomic disadvantage and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a systematic review.
Russell, A. E., Ford, T., Williams, R., & Russell, G. (2016) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-015-0578-3 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Access to green space, physical activity and mental health: a twin study
Cohen‐Cline, H., Turkheimer, E. N., & Duncan, G. E. (2015) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204667 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Psychological impacts of “screen time” and “green time” for children and adolescents: A systematic scoping review
Oswald, T. K., Rumbold, A. R., Kedzior, S. G. E., & Moore, V. M. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237725 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Socioeconomic status and child psychopathology in the United States: A meta-analysis of population-based studies
Peverill, M., Dirks, M. A., Narvaja, T., Herts, K. L., Comer, J. S., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101933 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Moving Beyond Correlations in Assessing the Consequences of Poverty
Duncan, G. J., Magnuson, K., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (2016) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044224 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Quality of life and mental health in children and adolescents during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: results of a two-wave nationwide population-based study
Ravens‐Sieberer, U., Kaman, A., Erhart, M., Otto, C., Devine, J., Löffler, C., Hurrelmann, K., Bullinger, M., Barkmann, C., Siegel, N. A., et al. (2021) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-021-01889-1 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
How do income changes impact on mental health and wellbeing for working-age adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Thomson, R., Igelström, E., Purba, A. K., Shimonovich, M., Thomson, H., McCartney, G., Reeves, A., Leyland, A. H., Pearce, A., & Katikireddi, S. V. (2022) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(22)00058-5 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Six-month prevalence of mental disorders and service contacts among children and youth in Ontario: evidence from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study
Georgiades, K., Duncan, L., Wang, L., Comeau, J., Boyle, M. H., & 2014 Ontario Child Health Study Team (2019) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743719830024 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Prevalence estimates of mental health problems in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Buckley, N., Glasson, E. J., Chen, W., Epstein, A., Leonard, H., Skoss, R., Jacoby, P. A., Blackmore, A. M., Srinivasjois, R. M., Bourke, J., et al. (2020) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867420924101 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Uncovering the hidden impacts of inequality on mental health: a global study
Yu, S. (2018) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-018-0148-0 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Annual Research Review: Sex, gender, and internalizing conditions among adolescents in the 21st century – trends, causes, consequences
Keyes, K. M., & Platt, J. M. (2024) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13864 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status and Child Mental Health: The Role of Parental Emotional Well-Being and Parenting Practices
Bøe, T., Sivertsen, B., Heiervang, E. R., Goodman, R., Lundervold, A. J., & Hysing, M. (2013) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9818-9 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
A systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based stress, anxiety, and depression prevention programs for adolescents
Feiss, R., Dolinger, S. B., Merritt, M., Reiche, E., Martin, K., Yanes, J. A., Thomas, C. M., & Pangelinan, M. (2019) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-019-01085-0 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Parenting and SES: relative values or enduring principles?
Roubinov, D. S., & Boyce, W. T. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.001 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Mental health problems among Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19: The importance of nutrition and physical activity
Chi, X., Liang, K., Chen, S., Huang, Q., Huang, L., Yu, Q., Jiao, C., Guo, T., Stubbs, B., Hossain, M. M., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.100218 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Seelische Gesundheit und psychische Belastungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen in der ersten Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie – Ergebnisse der COPSY-Studie
Ravens-Sieberer, U., Kaman, A., Otto, C., Adedeji, A., Napp, A.-K., Becker, M., Blanck-Stellmacher, U., Löffler, C., Schlack, R., Hölling, H., et al. (2021) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-021-03291-3 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Development of Maladaptive Coping: A Functional Adaptation to Chronic, Uncontrollable Stress
Wadsworth, M. (2015) · Child Development Perspectives · doi:10.1111/cdep.12112 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Filipino help-seeking for mental health problems and associated barriers and facilitators: a systematic review
Martinez, A. B., Co, M., Lau, J. Y. F., & Brown, J. S. L. (2020) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-020-01937-2 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Examining the Association Between Apparent Temperature and Mental Health-Related Emergency Room Visits in California
Basu, R., Gavin, L., Pearson, D., Ebisu, K., & Malig, B. (2018) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwx295 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The burden of loneliness: Implications of the social determinants of health during COVID-19
McQuaid, R. J., Cox, S. M. L., Ogunlana, A., & Jaworska, N. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113648 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Socioeconomic status and health behavior in children and adolescents: a systematic literature review
Gautam, N., Dessie, G., Rahman, M. M., & Khanam, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228632 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Public mental health: the time is ripe for translation of evidence into practice
Wahlbeck, K. (2015) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20178 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The Pathways Between Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Devenish, B. D., Hooley, M., & Mellor, D. J. (2017) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/ajcp.12115 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Analysis of global prevalence of mental and substance use disorders within countries: focus on sociodemographic characteristics and income levels
Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., & Bhugra, D. K. (2022) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2022.2040450 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
The youth mental health crisis: analysis and solutions
McGorry, P. D., Gunasiri, H., Mei, C., Rice, S., & Gao, C. X. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1517533 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Longitudinally Mapping Childhood Socioeconomic Status Associations with Cortical and Subcortical Morphology
McDermott, C. L., Seidlitz, J., Nadig, A., Liu, S., CLASEN, L. S., Blumenthal, J. D., Reardon, P. K., Lalonde, F., GREENSTEIN, D. K., Patel, R., et al. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1808-18.2018 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of Life Skill Development Through Sports Programs Serving Socially Vulnerable Youth
Hermens, N., Super, S., Verkooijen, K. T., & Koelen, M. A. (2017) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2017.1355527 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with socioeconomic disadvantage: alternative explanations and evidence
Russell, G., Ford, T., Rosenberg, R., & Kelly, S. E. (2013) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12170 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Public mental health: required actions to address implementation failure in the context of COVID-19
Campion, J., Javed, A., Lund, C., Sartorius, N., Saxena, S., Marmot, M., Allan, J., & Udomratn, P. (2022) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00199-1 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Health inequalities
Mackenbach, J. P. (2019) · Regimes of Inequality · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198831419.001.0001 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Aberrant structural and functional connectivity and neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm children
Rogers, C. E., Lean, R., Wheelock, M., & Smyser, C. (2018) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-018-9253-x · Cited by 158 · see citing works
The Effects of the Urban Built Environment on Mental Health: A Cohort Study in a Large Northern Italian City
Melis, G., Gelormino, E., Marra, G., Ferracin, E., & Costa, G. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph121114898 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Associations with ADHD: Findings from a Mediation Analysis
Russell, A., Ford, T., & Russell, G. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128248 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Less screen time and more frequent vigorous physical activity is associated with lower risk of reporting negative mental health symptoms among Icelandic adolescents
Hrafnkelsdottir, S. M., Brychta, R. J., Rognvaldsdottir, V., Gestsdottir, S., Chen, K. Y., Johannsson, E., Guðmundsdottir, S. L., & Arngrimsson, S. A. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196286 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Poverty and self-regulation: Connecting psychosocial processes, neurobiology, and the risk for psychopathology
Palacios‐Barrios, E. E., & Hanson, J. L. (2018) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.12.012 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
The effects of cyberbullying victimization on depression and suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults: a three year cohort study from India
Maurya, C., Muhammad, T., Dhillon, P., & Maurya, P. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-04238-x · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Associations Between Socio-Economic Status and Child Health: Findings of a Large German Cohort Study
Poulain, T., Vogel, M., Sobek, C., Hilbert, A., Körner, A., & Kieß, W. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16050677 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Enduring mental health: Prevalence and prediction.
Schaefer, J. D., Caspi, A., Belsky, D. W., Harrington, H., Houts, R., Horwood, L. J., Hussong, A. M., Ramrakha, S., Poulton, R., & Moffitt, T. E. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000232 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Nature-Based Early Childhood Education and Children’s Social, Emotional and Cognitive Development: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
Johnstone, A., Martin, A., Cordovil, R., Fjørtoft, I., Iivonen, S., Jidovtseff, B., Lopes, F., Reilly, J. J., Thomson, H., Wells, V., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19105967 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Association between mobile technology use and child adjustment in early elementary school age
Hosokawa, R., & Katsura, T. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199959 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Mental health in Lebanon: Tomorrow's silent epidemic
Farran, N. (2021) · Mental Health & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2021.200218 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Demographic and mental health assessments in the adolescent brain and cognitive development study: Updates and age-related trajectories
Barch, D. M., Albaugh, M. D., Baskin-sommers, A. R., Bryant, B. E., Clark, D. B., Dick, A. S., Feczko, E., Foxe, J. J., Gee, D. G., Giedd, J. N., et al. (2021) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101031 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
A longitudinal study of socioeconomic status, family processes, and child adjustment from preschool until early elementary school: the role of social competence
Hosokawa, R., & Katsura, T. (2017) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-017-0206-z · Cited by 148 · see citing works
The effect of a transition into poverty on child and maternal mental health: a longitudinal analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Wickham, S. L., Whitehead, M. M., Taylor-Robinson, D. C., & Barr, B. (2017) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(17)30011-7 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Socioeconomic status, hair cortisol and internalizing symptoms in parents and children
Ursache, A., Merz, E. C., Melvin, S. A., Meyer, J. S., & Noble, K. G. (2017) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.01.020 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Financial stress and mental health among higher education students in the UK up to 2018: rapid review of evidence
McCloud, T. L., & Bann, D. (2019) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2019-212154 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Virtual Reality Relaxation for People with Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review
Riches, S., Jeyarajaguru, P., Taylor, L., Fialho, C., Little, J., Ahmed, L., O’Brien, A., van Driel, C., Veling, W., & Valmaggia, L. (2023) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-022-02417-5 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Entrepreneurship and Poverty Alleviation: The Importance of Health and Children’s Education for Slum Entrepreneurs
Shepherd, D., Parida, V., & Wincent, J. (2020) · Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice · doi:10.1177/1042258719900774 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Socioeconomic status and sleep health: a narrative synthesis of 3 decades of empirical research
Papadopoulos, D., & Sosso, F. A. E. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.10336 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Elevated blood levels of inflammation-related proteins are associated with an attention problem at age 24 mo in extremely preterm infants
; for the ELGAN Study Investigators, O’Shea, T. M., Joseph, R. M., Kuban, K., Allred, E. N., Ware, J., Coster, T., Fichorova, R. N., Dammann, O., & Leviton, A. (2014) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/pr.2014.41 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Prevalence of DSM-5 anxiety disorders, comorbidity, and persistence of symptoms in Spanish early adolescents
Canals, J., Voltas, N., Hernández‐Martínez, C., Cosí, S., & Arija, V. (2018) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-018-1207-z · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Socioeconomic status and school absenteeism: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Sosu, E., Dare, S., Goodfellow, C., & Klein, M. (2021) · Revista de educación · doi:10.1002/rev3.3291 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Associations between socioeconomic status and psychological therapy outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Finegan, M., Firth, N., Wojnarowski, C., & Delgadillo, J. (2018) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22765 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Racial Disparities in Adversity During Childhood and the False Appearance of Race-Related Differences in Brain Structure
Dumornay, N. M., Lebois, L. A. M., Ressler, K. J., & Harnett, N. G. (2023) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.21090961 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Family Income at Birth and Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder at Age 15: Racial Differences
Assari, S., & Caldwell, C. (2019) · Children · doi:10.3390/children6010010 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Measuring novel antecedents of mental illness: the Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood
Glynn, L. M., Stern, H. S., Howland, M. A., Risbrough, V. B., Baker, D. G., Nievergelt, C. M., Baram, T. Z., & Davis, E. P. (2018) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-018-0280-9 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
The Relationship between Education and Mental Health: New Evidence from a Discordant Twin Study
Halpern-Manners, A., Schnabel, L., Hernandez, E. M., Silberg, J. L., & Eaves, L. J. (2016) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/sow035 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Cumulative effects of negative life events and family stress on children’s mental health: the Bergen Child Study
Bøe, T., Serlachius, A., Sivertsen, B., Petrie, K., & Hysing, M. (2017) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1451-4 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
An Integrative Interdisciplinary Perspective on Social Dominance Hierarchies
Qu, C., Ligneul, R., der Henst, J. V., & Dreher, J. (2017) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2017.08.004 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Psychische Auffälligkeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland
Klasen, F., Meyrose, A., Otto, C., Reiss, F., & Ravens‐Sieberer, U. (2017) · Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde · doi:10.1007/s00112-017-0270-8 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Self-citation
Early childhood WIC participation, cognitive development and academic achievement
Jackson, M. I. (2014) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.12.018 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-esteem and mental health in adolescents – level and stability during a school year
Moksnes, U. K., & Reidunsdatter, R. J. (2019) · Norsk Epidemiologi · doi:10.5324/nje.v28i1-2.3052 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Locating economic risks for adolescent mental and behavioral health: poverty and affluence in families, neighborhoods, and schools
Coley, R. L., Sims, J., Dearing, E., & Spielvogel, B. (2018) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12771 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
The validity of socioeconomic status measures among adolescents based on self-reported information about parents occupations, FAS and perceived SES; implication for health related quality of life studies
Svedberg, P., Nygren, J., Nyman, C. S., & Nyholm, M. (2016) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-016-0148-9 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Trends in social inequality in loneliness among adolescents 1991–2014
Madsen, K. R., Holstein, B. E., Damsgaard, M. T., Rayce, S. B., Jespersen, L. N., & Due, P. (2019) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdy133 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Impact of financial literacy, mental budgeting and self control on financial wellbeing: Mediating impact of investment decision making
Bai, R. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294466 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Parental income and mental disorders in children and adolescents: prospective register-based study
Kinge, J. M., Øverland, S., Flatø, M., Dieleman, J., Røgeberg, O., Magnus, M. C., Evensen, M., Tesli, M., Skrondal, A., Stoltenberg, C., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyab066 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Non‐suicidal self‐injury and its co‐occurrence with suicidal behavior: An epidemiological‐study among adolescents and young adults
Voss, C., Hoyer, J., Venz, J., Pieper, L., & Beesdo‐Baum, K. (2020) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13237 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Risk of Mental Health Problems in Children and Youths Following Concussion
Ledoux, A., Webster, R. J., Clarke, A. E., Fell, D. B., Knight, B. D., Gardner, W. P., Cloutier, P., Gray, C., Tuna, M., & Zemek, R. L. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1235 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Shedding light on biological sex differences and microbiota–gut–brain axis: a comprehensive review of its roles in neuropsychiatric disorders
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Socioeconomic status and mental health in children and adolescents
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Authors: Reiss, F.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
Corresponding author: Reiss, Franziska
ORCID: Reiss, Franziska
Venue: Social Science & Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-08
Volume: 90
Pages: 24-31
ISSN: 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.026
OpenAlex: W2062065734
Cited by: 2,062
References: 102
Citations by year: 2026: 189 · 2025: 212 · 2024: 233 · 2023: 222 · 2022: 227 · 2021: 227 · 2020: 213 · 2019: 193 · 2018: 117 · 2017: 83 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 8.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: socioeconomic disparities, child mental health, adolescent mental health, socioeconomic status indicators, household income, poverty, parental education, parental occupation, family affluence, social causation, selection effects, intergenerational transmission, socioeconomic deprivation, early childhood intervention
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Social Class, Health Status Disparities

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Socioeconomic inequalities and mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review

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