A longitudinal investigation of social causation and social selection processes involved in the association between socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders.
Abstract
Social causation theory and social selection theory have been put forth to explain the finding that low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with risk for psychiatric disorders. The predictions of both theories were investigated using data from a community-based longitudinal study. Psychosocial interviews were administered to 736 families from 2 counties in New York State in 1975, 1983, 1985-1986, and 1991-1993. Results indicated that (a) low family SES was associated with risk for offspring anxiety, depressive, disruptive, and personality disorders after offspring IQ and parental psychopathology were controlled, and (b) offspring disruptive and substance use disorders were associated with risk for poor educational attainment after offspring IQ and parental psychopathology were controlled. These findings indicate that social causation and social selection processes vary in importance among different categories of psychiatric disorders.
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Results of prior studies on associations of child and adolescent mental disorders with subsequent educational attainment have been inconsistent.
“Results have been inconsistent, with the majority of studies, but not all [9], finding significant gross associations of childhood and adolescent mental disorders with low levels of educational attainment and some finding that significant gross associations are explained by childhood adversities that preceded onset of the disorders [11,22].”
From Long-term effects of mental disorders on educational attainment in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Johnson, J. G., Cohen, P., Dohrenwend, B. P., Link, B. G., & Brook, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 1999-08
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 490-499
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2077821898
- Cited by
- 377
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 5.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-36971, R01MH036971)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 03188, R01DA003188)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- socioeconomic status, mental illness, social causation, social selection, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, disruptive behavior disorders, personality disorders, substance use disorders, educational attainment, parental psychopathology, offspring mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Personality Disorders, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Social Class, Social Environment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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