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Prospective Isolation of Poised iPSC Intermediates Reveals Principles of Cellular Reprogramming
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Distinct mechanisms observed among combinations of OCT4 and SOX2 (without KLF4) versus OSK may explain the controversy regarding whether OSK mainly function as pioneer factors or bind readily open chromatin in early reprogramming, or both.
“The distinct mechanisms observed among combinations of OCT4 and SOX2 (without KLF4) versus OSK may explain the controversy regarding whether OSK mainly function as the pioneer factors or bind readily open chromatin in early reprogramming, or both 80,82,83,85 .”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
The Results section, “Rapid Rewiring of Chromatin States During Reprogramming” (page unavailable), describes OKS as pioneer factors that bind closed chromatin. “Critical Pluripotency Regions are Hyperaccessible in Poised Intermediates” reports binding by Oct4 and Sox2 with or without Klf4 at hyperaccessible sites. Neither passage compares distinct mechanisms for those combinations or proposes that they explain the stated controversy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTranscriptional remodeling studies utilizing OSKM occupancy data are limited to events at the beginning (fibroblasts) or end points (pluripotent stem cells), with everything in between still up for interpretation.
“Importantly, we must note that all of the transcriptional remodeling studies utilizing OSKM occupancy data are limited to the events that occur in the beginning (fibroblasts) or end points (pluripotent stem cells), with everything in between still up for interpretation 80,83,85 .”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
In Results (‘Rapid Rewiring of Chromatin States During Reprogramming’; page unavailable), the paper says earlier bulk-culture studies left chromatin changes in rare cells poised to become iPSCs unknown. It also uses ESC ChIP-seq data to assess OKS binding (‘Critical Pluripotency Regions are Hyperaccessible in Poised Intermediates’; page unavailable). But it does not establish that all studies using OSKM occupancy data examined only fibroblasts or pluripotent endpoints; it reports its own analyses of intermediate cells’ transcription and chromatin accessibility. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAlterations or additions of specific chromatin features are thought to prime the transient epigenetic landscape for reprogramming before gene regulation.
“Thus, alterations or additions of specific chromatin features are thought to 'prime' the transient epigenetic landscape for reprogramming before gene regulation 85 .”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
Such treatment can make cells vulnerable to apoptosis and cellular senescence.
“although such treatment can make cells vulnerable to apoptosis and cellular senescence 85,93 .”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says that most cells fail to reprogram, but it does not identify apoptosis or cellular senescence as consequences of treatment. Searches of our copy for “apoptosis,” “senescence,” and treatment-related cell death found no passage supporting that specific claim. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPre-iPS cells have embryonic stem cell-like morphology and SSEA-1 expression.
“These cells, which have embryonic stem cell-like morphology 88 and SSEA-1 expression 85 , may help to identify critical events occurring before cell identity programs are erased.”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
Continued proliferation and OSKM expression eventually convert all cells to iPS cells.
“However, there is evidence that continued proliferation and OSKM expression eventually convert all cells to iPS cells, although such treatment can make cells vulnerable to apoptosis and cellular senescence 85,93 .”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
Loci near Oct4, Klf4 and Nanog are demethylated earlier and de novo DNA methylation occurs in late reprogramming.
“but a recent study revealed that loci near Oct4, Klf4 and Nanog are demethylated earlier and de novo DNA methylation occurs in late reprogramming 85 .”
From Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
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Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming
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Metadata
- Authors
- Schwarz, B. A., Cetinbas, M., Clement, K., Walsh, R. M., Cheloufi, S., Gu, H., Langkabel, J., Kamiya, A., Schorle, H., Meissner, A., Sadreyev, R. I., & Hochedlinger, K.
- Venue
- Cell Stem Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 289-305.e5
- ISSN
- 1934-5909
- PMC
- PMC6086589
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- MGH Pathology
- NIH (T32 CA921633, P01 GM099117, P50 HG006193, P30 DK40561, R01 HD058013, P01 GM099134)
- MGH ECOR
- Max Planck Society
- MGH
- Gerald and Darlene Jordan Chair in Regenerative Medicine
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