Cited by 312Tuberculosis Research and EpidemiologyInfectious Diseases and TuberculosisBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

ESAT-6 proteins: protective antigens and virulence factors?

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Brodin, Priscille, Rosenkrands, Ida, Andersen, Peter, Cole, Stewart T., Brosch, Roland·2004·Trends in Microbiology

Abstract

The 6kDa early secreted antigenic target from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ESAT-6, is the prototype of a novel family of small proteins of unknown function produced by Actinobacteria. Export of ESAT-6, a potent T-cell antigen, and related proteins requires a dedicated secretory apparatus that is encoded by a cluster of genes, several of which also code for proteins that are recognized strongly by T cells. ESAT-6 systems can thus be considered as immunogenicity islands and there is growing evidence that the corresponding genes are subject to selective pressure imposed by the immune system of the host. Recently, there has been major progress in understanding the biogenesis, secretion and antigenicity of ESAT-6 proteins and, at least in the case of ESAT-6 system 1, in unravelling their role in pathogenicity. Here, we discuss these findings and their implications for the development of new therapeutic and prophylactic interventions against tuberculosis.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.tim.2004.09.007

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75 of 75 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • M. tuberculosis has general and specialized protein secretion systems, including the SecA pathway, the twin-arginine translocation pathway, and five ESX type VII secretion systems.

    “This unusual cell envelope requires complex secretion systems for the export/secretion of proteins, such as those of the SecA and twin-arginine translocation pathways, as well as the specialized ESX/ T7S systems (7,8,16)”
  • M. tuberculosis possesses five ESX/T7S systems, ESX-1 to ESX-5.

    “M. tuberculosis possesses five ESX/T7S systems (ESX-1 to ESX-5) (7,8,11,16).”

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Authors
Brodin, P., Rosenkrands, I., Andersen, P., Cole, S. T., & Brosch, R.
Affiliations
  • Institut Pasteur (FR)
  • Statens Serum Institut (DK)
Corresponding author
Cole, Stewart T.
Venue
Trends in Microbiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-11
Volume
12
Issue
11
Pages
500-508
ISSN
0966-842X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2032564365
Cited by
312
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 22
FWCI
3.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Trends in Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords
ESAT-6, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, protective antigen, virulence factors, T cell antigens, protein secretion, tuberculosis treatment, tuberculosis prophylaxis, actinobacteria
MeSH terms
Antigens, Bacterial, Bacterial Proteins, Humans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Tuberculosis, Protein Transport, Virulence Factors

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