Cited by 570Tuberculosis Research and EpidemiologyMycobacterium research and diagnosisGenomics and Phylogenetic Studies

Insights from the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium marinum on the evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Stinear, Timothy P., Seemann, Torsten, Harrison, Paul F., Jenkin, Grant A., Davies, John K., Johnson, Paul D.R., Abdellah, Zahra, Arrowsmith, Claire +23 more·2008·Genome Research

Abstract

Mycobacterium marinum, a ubiquitous pathogen of fish and amphibia, is a near relative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis in humans. The genome of the M strain of M. marinum comprises a 6,636,827-bp circular chromosome with 5424 CDS, 10 prophages, and a 23-kb mercury-resistance plasmid. Prominent features are the very large number of genes (57) encoding polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs) and the most extensive repertoire yet reported of the mycobacteria-restricted PE and PPE proteins, and related-ESX secretion systems. Some of the NRPS genes comprise a novel family and seem to have been acquired horizontally. M. marinum is used widely as a model organism to study M. tuberculosis pathogenesis, and genome comparisons confirmed the close genetic relationship between these two species, as they share 3000 orthologs with an average amino acid identity of 85%. Comparisons with the more distantly related Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis reveal how an ancestral generalist mycobacterium evolved into M. tuberculosis and M. marinum. M. tuberculosis has undergone genome downsizing and extensive lateral gene transfer to become a specialized pathogen of humans and other primates without retaining an environmental niche. M. marinum has maintained a large genome so as to retain the capacity for environmental survival while becoming a broad host range pathogen that produces disease strikingly similar to M. tuberculosis. The work described herein provides a foundation for using M. marinum to better understand the determinants of pathogenesis of tuberculosis.

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  • The genome of M. marinum contains a large gene cluster upstream of the ESX-1 locus, among which are 15 espA-like genes.

    “The genome of M. marinum contains a large gene cluster upstream of the ESX-1 locus, among which are 15 espA-like genes [48].”

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Authors
Stinear, T. P., Seemann, T., Harrison, P. F., Jenkin, G. A., Davies, J. K., Johnson, P. D. R., Abdellah, Z., Arrowsmith, C., Chillingworth, T., Churcher, C., Clarke, K., Cronin, A., Davis, P., Goodhead, I., Holroyd, N., Jagels, K., Lord, A., Moule, S., Mungall, K., Norbertczak, H., Quail, M. A., Rabbinowitsch, E., Walker, D., White, B., Whitehead, S., Small, P. L. C., Brosch, R., Ramakrishnan, L., Fischbach, M. A., Parkhill, J., & Cole, S. T.
Affiliations
  • Monash University (AU)
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • Wellcome Sanger Institute (GB)
  • University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
  • Institut Pasteur (FR)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Broad Institute (US)
  • École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
Venue
Genome Research
Published
2008-04-10
Volume
18
Issue
5
Pages
729-741
ISSN
1088-9051 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2129267752
Cited by
570
References
108
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 50
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
  • Genome Research (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Wellcome Trust
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
  • Fondation Raoul Follereau
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
  • National Medical Research Council
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI036396)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Keywords
Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, genome evolution, polyketide synthase, nonribosomal peptide synthetase, ESX secretion system, prophages, horizontal gene transfer, genome reduction, tuberculosis pathogenesis, comparative genomics, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium smegmatis
MeSH terms
Bacterial Proteins, Carrier Proteins, Cell Wall, Molecular Sequence Data, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phylogeny, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Genome, Bacterial, Evolution, Molecular, Mycobacterium marinum, Genomics

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