Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) and its pathophysiologic regulation
Open accessAbstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous lipophilic free radical generated by three distinct isoforms of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), type 1 or neuronal (nNOS), type 2 or inducible (iNOS) and type 3 or endothelial NOS (eNOS). Expression of eNOS is altered in many types of cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension. The ubiquitous chaperone heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) associates with NOS and is important for its proper folding and function. Current studies point toward a therapeutic potential by modulating hsp90-NOS association in various vascular diseases. Here we review the transcriptional regulation of endothelial NOS and factors affecting eNOS activity and function, as well as the important vascular pathologies associated with altered NOS function, focusing on the regulatory role of hsp90 and other factors in NO-associated pathogenesis of these diseases.
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NO acts directly on smooth muscle cells via activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to formation of cGMP, which promotes smooth muscle relaxation and inhibits platelet function and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.
“Chiefly, NO acts directly on smooth muscle cells via activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to formation of the second-messenger, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), that in turn promotes smooth muscle relaxation and inhibits both platelet function and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration[19–21].”
From Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
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Koch, C. D., Gladwin, M. T., Freeman, B. A., Lundberg, J. O., Weitzberg, E., & Morris, A. (2017) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.015 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Chatterjee, A., & Catravas, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Augusta University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Catravas, John D.
- ORCID
- Catravas, John D.
- Venue
- Vascular Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 4-6
- Pages
- 134-140
- ISSN
- 1537-1891 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2592563
- OpenAlex
- W2082519175
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 143
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Vascular Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL070214, HL 70142)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Keywords
- nitric oxide, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide synthase isoforms, HSP90, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, vascular disease, no-signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Vascular Diseases, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
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