Applications of nanotechnology in water and wastewater treatment
Abstract
Providing clean and affordable water to meet human needs is a grand challenge of the 21st century. Worldwide, water supply struggles to keep up with the fast growing demand, which is exacerbated by population growth, global climate change, and water quality deterioration. The need for technological innovation to enable integrated water management cannot be overstated. Nanotechnology holds great potential in advancing water and wastewater treatment to improve treatment efficiency as well as to augment water supply through safe use of unconventional water sources. Here we review recent development in nanotechnology for water and wastewater treatment. The discussion covers candidate nanomaterials, properties and mechanisms that enable the applications, advantages and limitations as compared to existing processes, and barriers and research needs for commercialization. By tracing these technological advances to the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, the present review outlines the opportunities and limitations to further capitalize on these unique properties for sustainable water management.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Nanotechnology has grown as an effective and innovative method for eliminating pollutants, providing improved materials with distinctive physicochemical characteristics including large surface area, increased reactivity, and functional tunability.
“Nanotechnology has grown as an effective and innovative method for eliminating pollutants, providing improved materials with distinctive physicochemical characteristics, including large surface area, increased reactivity, and functional tunability.”
From Emerging nanotechnology approaches for sustainable water treatment and heavy metals removal: a comprehensive review (2025) · cites this paper as [27]
Cites
Kelly, K. L., Coronado, E. A., Zhao, L. L., & Schatz, G. C. (2002) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp026731y · Cited by 10,626 · see citing works
Probing Single Molecules and Single Nanoparticles by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Nie, S., & Emory, S. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5303.1102 · Cited by 10,260 · see citing works
The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment
Elimelech, M., & Phillip, W. A. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1200488 · Cited by 6,775 · see citing works
TiO2 photocatalysis and related surface phenomena
FUJISHIMA, A., ZHANG, X., & TRYK, D. (2008) · Surface Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.surfrep.2008.10.001 · Cited by 6,737 · see citing works
Electrospinning of Nanofibers: Reinventing the Wheel?
Li, D., & Younan Xia, A. (2004) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200400719 · Cited by 5,541 · see citing works
Recent developments in photocatalytic water treatment technology: A review
Chong, M. N., Jin, B., Chow, C. W. K., & Saint, C. (2010) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.02.039 · Cited by 5,386 · see citing works
Jain, P. K., Lee, K.-S., El‐Sayed, I. H., & El‐Sayed, M. A. (2006) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp057170o · Cited by 4,609 · see citing works
Ni, M., Leung, M. K. H., Leung, D. Y. C., & Sumathy, K. (2005) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2005.01.009 · Cited by 4,145 · see citing works
Feng, Q., Wu, J., Chen, G., Cui, F. Z., Kim, T.-G., & Kim, J. O. (2000) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4 · Cited by 3,989 · see citing works
Water conduction through the hydrophobic channel of a carbon nanotube
Hummer, G., Rasaiah, J. C., & Noworyta, J. P. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35102535 · Cited by 3,569 · see citing works
Fast Mass Transport Through Sub-2-Nanometer Carbon Nanotubes
Holt, J. K., Park, H. G., Wang, Y., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1126298 · Cited by 3,025 · see citing works
Extreme Oxygen Sensitivity of Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
Collins, P. G., Bradley, K., Ishigami, M., & Zettl, A. K. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1801 · Cited by 2,977 · see citing works
Liu, S., Zeng, T. H., Hofmann, M., Burcombe, E., Wei, J., Jiang, R., Kong, J., & Chen, Y. (2011) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn202451x · Cited by 2,936 · see citing works
Advanced Carbon Electrode Materials for Molecular Electrochemistry
McCreery, R. L. (2008) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr068076m · Cited by 2,737 · see citing works
Li, Q., Mahendra, S., Lyon, D. Y., Brunet, L., Liga, M. V., Li, D., & Alvarez, P. J. J. (2008) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.08.015 · Cited by 2,386 · see citing works
Self-citationCrooks, R. M., Zhao, M., Sun, L., Chechik, V., & Yeung, L. K. (2000) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar000110a · Cited by 2,117 · see citing works
Negligible Particle-Specific Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles
Xiu, Z., Zhang, Q., Puppala, H. L., Colvin, V. L., & Alvarez, P. J. J. (2012) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl301934w · Cited by 2,115 · see citing works
Self-citationA review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies
Pendergast, M. M., & Hoek, E. M. V. (2011) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c0ee00541j · Cited by 2,084 · see citing works
Towards a definition of inorganic nanoparticles from an environmental, health and safety perspective
Auffan, M., Rose, J., Bottero, J., Lowry, G. V., Jolivet, J., & Wiesner, M. R. (2009) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2009.242 · Cited by 1,957 · see citing works
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy: a brief retrospective
Moskovits, M. (2005) · Journal of Raman Spectroscopy · doi:10.1002/jrs.1362 · Cited by 1,717 · see citing works
Han, X., Kuang, Q., Jin, M., Xie, Z., & Zheng, L. (2009) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja8092373 · Cited by 1,632 · see citing works
Environmental Applications of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
Mauter, M. S., & Elimelech, M. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es8006904 · Cited by 1,576 · see citing works
Zhang, H., & Banfield, J. F. (2000) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp000499j · Cited by 1,551 · see citing works
Carbon Nanomaterials in Biosensors: Should You Use Nanotubes or Graphene?
Yang, W. R., Ratinac, K. R., Ringer, S. P., Thordarson, P., Gooding, J. J., & Braet, F. (2010) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200903463 · Cited by 1,432 · see citing works
Role of Particle Size in Nanocrystalline TiO 2 -Based Photocatalysts
Zhang, Z., Wang, C.-C., Zakaria, R., & Ying, J. Y. (1998) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp982948+ · Cited by 1,427 · see citing works
Electrospun nanofibers: solving global issues
Ramakrishna, S., Fujihara, K., Teo, W. E., Yong, T., Ma, Z., & Ramaseshan, R. (2006) · Materials Today · doi:10.1016/s1369-7021(06)71389-x · Cited by 1,420 · see citing works
Localized surface plasmon resonance: Nanostructures, bioassays and biosensing—A review
Petryayeva, E., & Krull, U. J. (2011) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2011.08.020 · Cited by 1,387 · see citing works
Interfacial polymerization of thin film nanocomposites: A new concept for reverse osmosis membranes
Jeong, B., Hoek, E. M. V., Yan, Y. S., et al. (2007) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2007.02.025 · Cited by 1,316 · see citing works
Adsorption Mechanisms of Organic Chemicals on Carbon Nanotubes
Pan, B., & Xing, B. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es801777n · Cited by 1,263 · see citing works
Low-Field Magnetic Separation of Monodisperse Fe 3 O 4 Nanocrystals
Yavuz, C. T., Mayo, J. T., Yu, W. W., Prakash, A., Falkner, J. C., Yean, S., Cong, L., Shipley, H. J., Kan, A. T., Tomson, M. B., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1131475 · Cited by 1,253 · see citing works
Antibacterial Effects of Carbon Nanotubes: Size Does Matter!
Kang, S., Herzberg, M., Rodrigues, D. F., & Elimelech, M. (2008) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la800951v · Cited by 1,184 · see citing works
Sorption of divalent metal ions from aqueous solution by carbon nanotubes: A review
RAO, G., Lu, C., & Su, F. (2006) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2006.12.006 · Cited by 1,040 · see citing works
The efficiency and mechanisms of catalytic ozonation
Nawrocki, J., & Kasprzyk‐Hordern, B. (2010) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.06.033 · Cited by 1,029 · see citing works
Yang, K., & Xing, B. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr100059s · Cited by 863 · see citing works
Liau, S.-F., Read, D., Pugh, W. J., Furr, J. R., & Russell, A. D. (1997) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.1997.00219.x · Cited by 857 · see citing works
Li, Y.-H., Ding, J., Luan, Z., Di, Z.-C., Zhu, Y.-F., Xu, C.-L., Wu, D.-H., & Wei, B. (2003) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(03)00392-0 · Cited by 831 · see citing works
Self‐Organized TiO 2 Nanotube Layers as Highly Efficient Photocatalysts
Macák, J. M., Zlámal, M., Krýsa, J., et al. (2007) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200600426 · Cited by 815 · see citing works
Zodrow, K. R., Brunet, L., Mahendra, S., et al. (2008) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.014 · Cited by 810 · see citing works
Ji, L., Chen, W., Duan, L., & Zhu, D. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es803268b · Cited by 801 · see citing works
Qu, X., Brame, J., Li, Q., & Alvarez, P. J. J. (2013) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar300029v · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Self-citationAdsorption of Polar and Nonpolar Organic Chemicals to Carbon Nanotubes
Chen, W., Duan, L., & Zhu, D. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es071230h · Cited by 762 · see citing works
Platinized WO3 as an Environmental Photocatalyst that Generates OH Radicals under Visible Light
Kim, J., Lee, C. W., & Choi, W. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es101981r · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Adsorption thermodynamic, kinetic and desorption studies of Pb2+ on carbon nanotubes
Li, Y., Di, Z., Ding, J., Wu, D., Luan, Z., & Zhu, Y. (2004) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.11.004 · Cited by 736 · see citing works
Detection and characterization of engineered nanoparticles in food and the environment
Tiede, K., Boxall, A. B. A., Tear, S. P., Lewis, J., David, H. E., & Hassellöv, M. (2008) · Food Additives & Contaminants Part A · doi:10.1080/02652030802007553 · Cited by 736 · see citing works
Kumar, M., Grzelakowski, M., Zilles, J. L., Clark, M. M., & Meier, W. P. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0708762104 · Cited by 717 · see citing works
Anatase TiO2 with Dominant High-Energy {001} Facets: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
Liu, S., Yu, J., & Jaroniec, M. (2011) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/cm200597m · Cited by 714 · see citing works
Ion exclusion by sub-2-nm carbon nanotube pores
Fornasiero, F., Park, H. G., Holt, J. K., Stadermann, M., Grigoropoulos, C. P., Noy, A., & Bakajin, O. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0710437105 · Cited by 700 · see citing works
Lin, D., & Xing, B. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es801297u · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Fabrication and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polymer blend membranes
Choi, J.-H., Jegal, J., & Kim, W.-N. (2006) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2006.08.013 · Cited by 588 · see citing works
Signal amplification using functional nanomaterials for biosensing
Lei, J., & Ju, H. (2012) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c1cs15274b · Cited by 588 · see citing works
Decentralized systems for potable water and the potential of membrane technology
Peter-Varbanets, M., Zurbrügg, C., Swartz, C., & Pronk, W. (2008) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.10.030 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Xiu, Z., Ma, J., & Alvarez, P. J. J. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es201918f · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Self-citationElectronic-Structure-Dependent Bacterial Cytotoxicity of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Vecitis, C. D., Zodrow, K. R., Kang, S., et al. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn101558x · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Choi, H., Stathatos, E., & Dionysiou, D. D. (2005) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2005.09.012 · Cited by 508 · see citing works
Cai, Y., Jiang, G., Liu, J., & Zhou, Q. (2003) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac0263566 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Bae, T., & Tak, T. (2005) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2004.09.008 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Identifying the Mechanism of Biosensing with Carbon Nanotube Transistors
Heller, I., Janssens, A. M., Männik, J., et al. (2007) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl072996i · Cited by 491 · see citing works
A Single‐Walled‐Carbon‐Nanotube Filter for Removal of Viral and Bacterial Pathogens
Brady‐Estévez, A. S., Kang, S., & Elimelech, M. (2008) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200700863 · Cited by 485 · see citing works
The effect of nanocrystalline magnetite size on arsenic removal
Mayo, J. T., Yavuz, C. T., Yean, S., Cong, L., Shiple, H., Yu, W. W., Falkner, J. C., Kan, A. T., Tomson, M. B., & Colvin, V. L. (2006) · Science and Technology of Advanced Materials · doi:10.1016/j.stam.2006.10.005 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Brunet, L., Lyon, D. Y., Hotze, E. M., Alvarez, P. J. J., & Wiesner, M. R. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es803093t · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Self-citationPolyamide thin-film nanofiltration membranes containing TiO2 nanoparticles
Lee, H., Im, S. J., Kim, J. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J. P., & Min, B. R. (2007) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2007.06.003 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Influence of Zeolite Crystal Size on Zeolite-Polyamide Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes
Lind, M. L., Ghosh, A. K., Jawor, A., et al. (2009) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la900938x · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Adsorption and Hysteresis of Bisphenol A and 17α-Ethinyl Estradiol on Carbon Nanomaterials
Pan, B., Lin, D., Mashayekhi, H., & Xing, B. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es8001184 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Effect of magnetite particle size on adsorption and desorption of arsenite and arsenate
Yean, S., Cong, L., Yavuz, C. T., et al. (2005) · Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources · doi:10.1557/jmr.2005.0403 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Aqueous Adsorption of Aniline, Phenol, and their Substitutes by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Yang, K., Wu, W., Jing, Q., et al. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es801463v · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Nano‐adsorbents for the removal of metallic pollutants from water and wastewater
Sharma, Y. C., Srivastava, V., Singh, V. K., Kaul, S. N., & Weng, C. (2009) · Environmental Technology · doi:10.1080/09593330902838080 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Engineered Graphite Oxide Materials for Application in Water Purification
Gao, W., Majumder, M., Alemany, L. B., Narayanan, T. N., Ibarra, M. A., Pradhan, B. K., & Ajayan, P. M. (2011) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/am200300u · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Physicochemical Determinants of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Bacterial Cytotoxicity
Kang, S., Mauter, M. S., & Elimelech, M. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es8010173 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Electrochemical Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Filter for Viral and Bacterial Removal and Inactivation
Vecitis, C. D., Schnoor, M. H., Rahaman, M. S., Schiffman, J. D., & Elimelech, M. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es2000062 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Dye-doped nanoparticles for bioanalysis
Yan, J., Estévez, M. ‐., Smith, J. E., Wang, K., He, X., Wang, L., & Tan, W. (2007) · Nano Today · doi:10.1016/s1748-0132(07)70086-5 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Hu, J. B., Chen, G., & Lo, I. M. C. (2006) · Journal of Environmental Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2006)132:7(709 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Tiraferri, A., Vecitis, C. D., & Elimelech, M. (2011) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/am200536p · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Lin, Y., & Tseng, W. (2010) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac101427y · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Benotti, M. J., Stanford, B. D., Wert, E. C., & Snyder, S. A. (2009) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.12.049 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Modeling Cd and Zn Sorption to Hydrous Metal Oxides
Trivedi, P., & Axe, L. (2000) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es991110c · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Biocompatible fluorescent nanocrystals for immunolabeling of membrane proteins and cells
Sukhanova, A. V., Devy, J., Ventéo, L., et al. (2003) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ab.2003.09.031 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Pendergast, M. T. M., Nygaard, J. M., Ghosh, A. K., et al. (2010) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2010.06.008 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Diallo, M. S., Christie, S., Swaminathan, P., Johnson, J. H., & Goddard, W. A. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es048961r · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Duran, A., Tüzen, M., & Soylak, M. (2009) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.119 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Murakami, N., Kurihara, Y., Tsubota, T., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp809104t · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Sorption of As(V) ions by akaganéite-type nanocrystals
Deliyanni, E. A., Bakoyannakis, D. N., Zouboulis, A. I., & Matis, K. A. (2003) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00351-x · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Lu, C., Chiu, H., & Liu, C. (2006) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie051206h · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Antifouling Ultrafiltration Membranes via Post-Fabrication Grafting of Biocidal Nanomaterials
Mauter, M. S., Wang, Y., Okemgbo, K. C., et al. (2011) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/am200522v · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Rahaman, M. S., Vecitis, C. D., & Elimelech, M. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es203607d · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Nanomaterial Enabled Biosensors for Pathogen Monitoring - A Review
Vikesland, P. J., & Wigginton, K. R. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es903704z · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Kitano, M., Funatsu, K., Matsuoka, M., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp064893e · Cited by 258 · see citing works
The stability of polymeric membranes in a TiO2 photocatalysis process
Chin, S. S., Chiang, K., & Fane, A. G. (2005) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2005.09.033 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Sorption materials for arsenic removal from water:
Daus, B., Wennrich, R., & Weiss, H. (2004) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.04.003 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Oxidation of organics in retentates from reverse osmosis wastewater reuse facilities
Westerhoff, P. K., Moon, H., Minakata, D., & Crittenden, J. C. (2009) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.010 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Ge, Q., Su, J., Chung, T., et al. (2010) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie101013w · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Lind, M. L., Suk, D. E., Nguyen, T.-V., et al. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es101569p · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Auffan, M., Rose, J., Proux, O., et al. (2008) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la702998x · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Preparation and properties of novel organic–inorganic porous membranes
Bottino, A. (2001) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/s1383-5866(00)00127-1 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Uptake of rare earth elements from solution by metal oxides
Koeppenkastrop, D., & Carlo, E. H. D. (1993) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es00046a006 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Analytical chemistry of metallic nanoparticles in natural environments
da Silva, B. F., Pérez, S., Gardinalli, P., Singhal, R. K., Mozeto, A. A., & Barceló, . (2011) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2011.01.008 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Influence of inorganic fillers on the compaction behaviour of porous polymer based membranes
Ebert, K., Fritsch, D., Koll, J., et al. (2004) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2003.12.012 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
A low-energy forward osmosis process to produce drinking water
Liu, Z., Bai, H., Lee, J., & Sun, D. D. (2011) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c1ee01186c · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Ozonation of model organic compounds catalysed by nanostructured cerium oxides
Orge, C. A., Órfão, J. J. M., Pereira, M. F. R., et al. (2011) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.01.026 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Effect of mobile cation on zeolite-polyamide thin film nanocomposite membranes
Lind, M. L., Jeong, B., Subramani, A., et al. (2009) · Journal of materials research/Pratt's guide to venture capital sources · doi:10.1557/jmr.2009.0189 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Supported Lipid Bilayer Membranes for Water Purification by Reverse Osmosis
Kaufman, Y., Berman, A., & Freger, V. (2010) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la904411b · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Antimicrobial Applications of Electroactive PVK-SWNT Nanocomposites
Ahmed, F., Santos, C. M., Vergara, R. A. M. V., Tria, M. C. R., Advíncula, R. C., & Rodrigues, D. F. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es202374e · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Sylvester, P., Westerhoff, P. K., Möller, T., Badruzzaman, M., & Boyd, O. (2006) · Environmental Engineering Science · doi:10.1089/ees.2007.24.104 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Optimization of Al2O3/PES membranes for wastewater filtration
Maximous, N. N., Nakhla, G., Wong, K., et al. (2010) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2010.04.016 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Yin, H., Zhou, Y., Ai, S., et al. (2009) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.041 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Wu, L., Shamsuzzoha, M., & Ritchie, S. M. C. (2005) · Journal of Nanoparticle Research · doi:10.1007/s11051-005-4271-5 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Virus disinfection in water by biogenic silver immobilized in polyvinylidene fluoride membranes
Gusseme, B. D., Hennebel, T., Christiaens, E., et al. (2010) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.11.046 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Effect of synthesis conditions on nano-iron (hydr)oxide impregnated granulated activated carbon
Hristovski, K. D., Westerhoff, P. K., Möller, T., & Sylvester, P. (2008) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2008.05.040 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
SWNT−MWNT Hybrid Filter Attains High Viral Removal and Bacterial Inactivation
Brady‐Estévez, A. S., Schnoor, M. H., Kang, S., et al. (2010) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la103776y · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Mauter, M. S., Elimelech, M., & Osuji, C. O. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn102047j · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Continuous High-Yield Production of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes on 2D and 3D Substrates
de Villoria, R. G., Hart, A. J., & Wardle, B. L. (2011) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn2008645 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
C60 Aminofullerene Immobilized on Silica as a Visible-Light-Activated Photocatalyst
Lee, J., Mackeyev, Y., Cho, M., et al. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es1028475 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Enhanced visual detection of pesticides using gold nanoparticles
Lisha, K. P., Anshup, & Pradeep, T. (2009) · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B · doi:10.1080/03601230903163814 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Current molecular and emerging nanobiotechnology approaches for the detection of microbial pathogens
Theron, J., Cloete, T. E., & de Kwaadsteniet, M. (2010) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.3109/1040841x.2010.489892 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Reversible Biochemical Switching of Ionic Transport through Aligned Carbon Nanotube Membranes
Nednoor, P., Chopra, N., Gavalas, V. G., et al. (2005) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/cm047844s · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Performance of advanced methods for treatment of wastewater: UV/TiO2, RO and UF
Al-Bastaki, N. M. (2003) · Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification · doi:10.1016/j.cep.2003.08.003 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Yang, L., Chen, B., Luo, S., et al. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es101760c · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Hinds, B. J. (2011) · Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2011.05.003 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Enhanced dechlorination of trichloroethylene by membrane‐supported Pd‐coated iron nanoparticles
Wu, L., & Ritchie, S. M. C. (2008) · Environmental Progress · doi:10.1002/ep.10277 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Electrospun Nanofibers: Solving Global Issues
Si, Y., Tang, X., Yu, J., et al. (2014) · Nanostructure science and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54160-5_1 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Hristovski, K. D., Nguyen, H., & Westerhoff, P. K. (2009) · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · doi:10.1080/10934520802659695 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Lu, C., Chiu, H., & Bai, H. (2007) · Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology · doi:10.1166/jnn.2007.349 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Arsenic Adsorptive Media Technology Selection Strategies
Westerhoff, P. K., Haan, M. D., Martindale, A., et al. (2006) · Water Quality Research Journal · doi:10.2166/wqrj.2006.020 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Thermodynamics of Catalytic Formation of Dimethyl Ether from Methanol in Acidic Zeolites
Hytha, M., Štich, I., Gale, J. D., Terakura, K., & Payne, M. C. (2001) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20010618)7:12 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Band gap, excitons and Coulomb interactions of solid C60
Lof, R. W., van Veenendaal, M. A., Jonkman, H. T., et al. (1995) · Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena · doi:10.1016/0368-2048(94)02308-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Arsenic pilot plant operation and results - Socorro Springs, New Mexico - phase 1.
Aragon, M., Everett, R. L., Siegel, M., et al. (2007) · doi:10.2172/909390 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Composite Membranes for Environmental Applications
Balakrishna, R. G., Jyothi, & Padaki, M. (2013) · TechConnect Briefs · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Arsenic Pilot Plant Operation and Results- Socorro Springs, New Mexico- Phase 1
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), A., Aragon, M., Administration, U. A. S. F. H. R. A., et al. (2007) · doi:10.2172/1504208 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters: a review
Azimi, A., Azari, A., Rezakazemi, M., & Ansarpour, M. (2017) · ChemBioEng Reviews · doi:10.1002/cben.201600010 · Cited by 1,267 · see citing works
Ihsanullah, Abbas, A., Al-Amer, A. M., Laoui, T., Al-Marri, M. J., Nasser, M. S., Khraisheh, M., & Atieh, M. A. (2016) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.039 · Cited by 1,259 · see citing works
Remediation of wastewater using various nano-materials
Anjum, M., Miandad, R., Waqas, M., Gehany, F., & Barakat, M. A. (2019) · Arabian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.10.004 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Nanocatalysts and other nanomaterials for water remediation from organic pollutants
Lu, F., & Astruc, D. (2020) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213180 · Cited by 682 · see citing works
Nanomaterials-enabled water and wastewater treatment
Zhang, Y., Wu, B., Xu, H., Liu, H., Wang, M., He, Y., & Pan, B. (2016) · NanoImpact · doi:10.1016/j.impact.2016.09.004 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Polymer functionalized nanocomposites for metals removal from water and wastewater: An overview
Lofrano, G., Carotenuto, M., Libralato, G., Domingos, R. F., Markus, A., Dini, L., Gautam, R. K., Baldantoni, D., Rossi, M., Sharma, S. K., et al. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.033 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Nanoadsorbents for water and wastewater remediation
El-sayed, M. E. A. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139903 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Amusat, S. O., Kebede, T. G., Dube, S., & Nindi, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.101993 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Nanotechnology-based water quality management for wastewater treatment
Madhura, L., Singh, S., Kanchi, S., Sabela, M., Bisetty, K., & Inamuddin (2019) · Environmental Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1007/s10311-018-0778-8 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Advancements in Adsorption Techniques for Sustainable Water Purification: A Focus on Lead Removal
Badran, A. M., Utra, U., Yussof, N. S., & Bashir, M. J. K. (2023) · Separations · doi:10.3390/separations10110565 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Nanoadsorbents for wastewater treatment: next generation biotechnological solution
Ali, M. E., Hoque, M. E., Safdar Hossain, S. K., & Biswas, M. C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13762-020-02755-4 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Hussein, E. B., Rasheed, F. A., Mohammed, A. S., & Kayani, K. F. (2025) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d5ra06914a · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“11,27 Nanotechnology-based approaches for water and wastewater treatment have emerged as promising solutions to overcome key challenges in conventional treatment techniques.”
Wang, G., Zhou, L., Zhang, P., Zhao, E., Zhou, L., Chen, D., Sun, J., Gu, X., Yang, W., & Tang, B. Z. (2020) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201913847 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Tahir, F., Ashfaq, H., Khan, A. Z., Amin, M., Akbar, I., Malik, H. A., Abdullah, M., Alessa, A. H., Alsaigh, A. A., Ralph, P. J., et al. (2024) · Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology · doi:10.1007/s11157-024-09697-0 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Doñate-Buendía, C., Fernández-Alonso, M., Lancis, J., & Mínguez-Vega, G. (2019) · Photonics Research · doi:10.1364/prj.7.001249 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Anoob, F., Arachchi, S., Azamathulla, H. M., Al-mahbashi, N., & Rathnayake, U. (2024) · Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cscee.2024.100639 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mosivand, S., Kazeminezhad, I., & Fathabad, S. P. (2019) · Microchemical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.052 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Waste Water Remediation and Nanoadsorbents
Patel, P. K., Singh, H. K., & Singh, A. (2025) · Advances in Wastewater Research · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-3908-3_10 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Nanomaterials in wastewater treatments
Barik, B., Nayak, P. S., & Dash, P. (2020) · Nanotechnology in the Beverage Industry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819941-1.00007-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Sustainable Nanomaterials in Wastewater Remediation
Mitra, A. K., & Nayak, S. (2025) · Advances in Wastewater Research · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-3908-3_7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Qu, X., Alvarez, P. J. J., & Li, Q.
- Affiliations
- Rice University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Qilin
- Venue
- Water Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-08
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3931-3946
- ISSN
- 0043-1354 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2130295923
- Cited by
- 2,444
- References
- 127
- Citations by year
- 2026: 119 · 2025: 148 · 2024: 141 · 2023: 180 · 2022: 225 · 2021: 274 · 2020: 274 · 2019: 247 · 2018: 250 · 2017: 230 · 2016: 159 · 2015: 125 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 64.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Water Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Membrane Separation Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Keywords
- nanotechnology, water treatment, wastewater treatment, nanomaterials, alternative water sources, water supply, water quality, nanomaterial physicochemical properties, commercialization barriers, sustainable water management
- MeSH terms
- Disinfection, Humans, Water, Water Purification, Nanotechnology, Nanostructures, Wastewater
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review