Antioxidant enzymes and human diseases
Abstract
Objectives To describe the importance of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase working together in human cells against toxic reactive oxygen species, their relationship with several pathophysiologic processes and their possible therapeutic implications.Conclusions Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the cell growth, differentiation, progression, and death. Low concentrations of ROS may be beneficial or even indispensable in processes such as intracellular signaling and defense against micro-organisms. Nevertheless, higher amounts of ROS play a role in the aging process as well as in a number of human disease states, including cancer, ischemia, and failures in immunity and endocrine functions. As a safeguard against the accumulation of ROS, several nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant activities exist. Therefore, when oxidative stress arises as a consequence of a pathologic event, a defense system promotes the regulation and expression of these enzymes.
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Antioxidant enzymes represent an important defense mechanism against ROS-induced oxidative stress, which causes damage to all cellular components.
“Antioxidant enzymes represent an important defense mechanism against ROS-induced oxidative stress, causing damage to all cellular components (Mates et al. 1999).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Mates et al. 1999
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- Authors
- MatÉs, J. M., Pérez-Gómez, C., & De Castro, I. N.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Málaga (ES)
- Corresponding author
- MatÉs, JosÉ M.
- ORCID
- MatÉs, JosÉ M.
- Venue
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-11
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 595-603
- ISSN
- 0009-9120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1967487924
- Cited by
- 2,099
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 89 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 118 · 2019: 107 · 2018: 95 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 94 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 121 · 2013: 123 · 2012: 125
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
- Keywords
- antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, aging, cancer, ischemia, immunodeficiency, endocrine dysfunction, non-enzymatic antioxidants, enzyme regulation
- MeSH terms
- Antioxidants, Catalase, Disease, Glutathione Peroxidase, Humans, Superoxide Dismutase, Reactive Oxygen Species
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