Physiological hyperglycemia slows gastric emptying in normal subjects and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Abstract
Background & aims Marked hyperglycemia slows and hypoglycemia accelerates gastric emptying. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physiological changes in blood glucose gastric emptying. Methods In 8 healthy subjects and 9 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without gastrointestinal tract symptoms or evidence of neuropathy, gastric emptying of a mixed meal was measured by scintigraphy. Using an insulin-glucose clamp, the blood glucose concentration was stabilized at 4 and 8 mmol/L on 2 separate days. Results The intragastric retention of the solid meal component at 100 minutes was 55.2% +/- 4.5% at 8 mmol/L vs. 36.7% +/- 5.5% at 4 mmol/L (P = 0.004) in normal subjects and 44.2% +/- 4.2% vs. 35.7% +/- 4.2% (P = 0.004) in patients with IDDM. The time taken for 50% emptying of the liquid meal was 57.0 +/- 10.8 minutes at 8 mmol/L vs. 32.2 +/- 12.6 minutes at 4 mmol/L (P = 0.002) in normal subjects and 41.3 +/- 3.4 minutes vs. 29.1 +/- 3.5 minutes (P = 0.002) in patients with IDDM. Conclusions Changes in blood glucose within the normal postprandial range have a significant impact on gastric emptying in both normal subjects and patients with IDDM.
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In healthy people, raising blood glucose even within normal limits slows gastric emptying.
“An elevation of blood glucose concentrations, even including concentrations within the physiologic range, reduces the GER in healthy subjects (16), and hypoglycemia increases the GER (17,18).”
From Effect of cinnamon on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying, and satiety in healthy subjects (2007) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Schvarcz, E., Palmer, M., Aman, J., Horowitz, M., Stridsberg, M., & Berne, C.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University Hospital (SE)
- Royal Adelaide Hospital (AU)
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 60-66
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082420583
- Cited by
- 416
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 12.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
- Keywords
- gastric emptying, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, type 1 diabetes, blood glucose, mixed meal, postprandial blood glucose
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Gastric Emptying, Humans, Male, Radionuclide Imaging, Stomach, Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin, Time Factors, Glucose Clamp Technique, Case-Control Studies
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