Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria of animal cells

Scheller, Klaus; Seibel, Peter; Sekerist, Constantine E.

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(02)22011-2

Cited by 73Mitochondrial Function and PathologyEstrogen and related hormone effectsThyroid Disorders and Treatments

Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria of animal cells

Scheller, Klaus, Seibel, Peter, Sekerist, Constantine E.·2003·International review of cytology

DOI 10.1016/s0074-7696(02)22011-2

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Abstract

This article concerns the localization of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria of animal cells. The receptors are discussed in terms of their potential role in the regulation of mitochondrial transcription and energy production by the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, realized both by nuclear-encoded and mitochondrially encoded enzymes. A brief survey of the role of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones on energy metabolism is presented, followed by a description of the molecular mode of action of these hormones and of the central role of the receptors in regulation of transcription. Subsequently, the structure and characteristics of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors are described, followed by a section on the effects of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones on the transcription of mitochondrial and nuclear genes encoding subunits of OXPHOS and by an introduction to the mitochondrial genome and its transcription. A comprehensive description of the data demonstrates the localization of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria as well as the detection of potential hormone response elements that bind to these receptors. This leads to the conclusion that the receptors potentially play a role in the regulation of transcription of mitochondrial genes. The in organello mitochondrial system, which is capable of sustaining transcription in the absence of nuclear participation, is presented, responding to T3 with increased transcription rates, and the central role of a thyroid receptor isoform in the transcription effect is emphasized. Lastly, possible ways of coordinating nuclear and mitochondrial gene transcription in response to glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones are discussed, the hormones acting directly on the genes of the two compartments by way of common hormone response elements and indirectly on mitochondrial genes by stimulation of nuclear-encoded transcription factors.

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Oestrogens and androgens can affect transcription of mitochondrial OXPHOS components.
“oestrogens and androgens can affect the transcription of mitochondria OXPHOS components (Scheller et al., 2003).”
From Mitochondrial Activity and Dynamics Changes Regarding Metabolism in Ageing and Obesity (2017) · cites this paper as Scheller et al., 2003

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“Several studies have shown that the glucocorticoid receptor is imported in mitochondria in liver, HeLa cells, Hep G2 cells, and rat brain (20, 50, 57, 61, 63).”
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Estrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ) and androgen receptor (AR) in human sperm: localization of ERβ and AR in mitochondria of the midpiece
Solakidi, S., Psarra, A. G., Nikolaropoulos, S., & Sekeris, C. E. (2005) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dei267 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
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Goldenthal, M. J., & Marı́n-Garcı́a, J. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1023/b:mcbi.0000038228.85494.3b · Cited by 184 · see citing works
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“…for steroid and thyroid hormones have been found on OXPHOS genes both within the nucleus (Pillar & Seitz, 1997; Scarpulla, 1997; Weber et al., 2002; Scheller & Sekeris, 2003) and the mitochondrion (Ioannou, Tsawdaroglou & Sekeris, 1987; Demonacos et al., 1995; Tsiriyotis, Spandidos & Sekeris,…”
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The mitochondrion as a primary site of action of steroid and thyroid hormones: Presence and action of steroid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria of animal cells
Psarra, A. G., Solakidi, S., & Sekeris, C. E. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.025 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
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“Translocation of GR to the mitochondria and sensitivity to GC-induced apoptosis It has recently been shown that GR may be localized to the mitochondria (24).”
BackgroundInfluential
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“transcription of the mitochondrial genome (12, 50, 56).”
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“The intracellular mechanisms of the actions of GRs and THRs are the result of the interaction between glucocorticoids and THs [99].”
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Steroid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria
Psarra, A. G., & Sekeris, C. E. (2008) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1002/iub.37 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“This is achieved mainly by pretranslational mechanisms, importantly by transcription control ( 9 ).”
Influential
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“In agreement with this, oestrogens and androgens can affect the transcription of mitochondria OXPHOS components (Scheller et al., 2003).”
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Estrogen's Effects on Mitochondrial Gene Expression: Mechanisms and Potential Contributions to Estrogen Carcinogenesis
CHEN, J., & Yager, J. D. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1322.030 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
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The effect of dexamethasone on defective nephrin transport caused by ER stress: A potential mechanism for the therapeutic action of glucocorticoids in the acquired glomerular diseases
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“On the other hand, cells cultured in medium without glucose but supplemented with ATP showed only the 155-and 175-kDa forms of nephrin and were devoid of the 185 kDa fully glycosylated nephrin.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Differential subcellular distribution of estrogen receptor isoforms: Localization of ERα in the nucleoli and ERβ in the mitochondria of human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 and hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cell lines
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“The presence of steroid and thyroid hormones in the mitochondria of various cells and tissues has been demonstrated by various researchers (see review, [45]).”
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Chapter 6 Mechanisms Regulating the Susceptibility of Hematopoietic Malignancies to Glucocorticoid‐Induced Apoptosis
Sionov, R. V., Spokoini, R., Kfir‐Erenfeld, S., Cohen, O., & Yefenof, E. (2008) · Advances in cancer research · doi:10.1016/s0065-230x(08)00406-5 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“This concurs with the observation that GR is located to the inner mitochondrial membranes and in the inner matrix (Scheller et al., 2000, 2003; Sionov et al., 2006b).”
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Mitochondrial DNA transcription regulation and nucleoid organization
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“…c-erbAβ genes are localized mainly in the nucleus; however TRα2 as well as two truncated versions of TRα equivalent to 43 KDa (p43) and 28 KDa (p28) were reported to be localized in the mitochondrial matrix (Scheller et al. 2003) (Ardail et al. 1993) (Sterling et al. 1984) (Morrish et al. 2006).”
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Mitochondrial determinants of cancer health disparities
Choudhury, A. R., & Singh, K. K. (2017) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.05.001 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
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Glucocorticoid receptor isoforms in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 and SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells: Presence of glucocorticoid receptor alpha in mitochondria and of glucocorticoid receptor beta in nucleoli
Psarra, A. G., Solakidi, S., Trougakos, I. P., Margaritis, L. H., Spyrou, G., & Sekeris, C. E. (2005) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.06.015 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
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Glucocorticoid receptor signaling and prostate cancer
Kassi, E. N., & Moutsatsou, P. (2010) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2010.10.020 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Accumulating evidence demonstrates the presence of GR in the mitochondria of various cell lines and tissues, while the presence of nucleotide sequences with strong similarities to GREs, in the human mitochondrial genome, has led to the hypothesis that mitochondrial-encoded genes may be sites of primary action of GCs […”
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Statin myopathy as a metabolic muscle disease
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“ERs and ARs can regulate energy production by inducing nuclear and mitochondrial OXPHOS genes.”
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JMJD1C-mediated metabolic dysregulation contributes to HOXA9-dependent leukemogenesis
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Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 8 (ERK8) Controls Estrogen-related Receptor α (ERRα) Cellular Localization and Inhibits Its Transcriptional Activity
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Mechanisms of Hormone Carcinogenesis:
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Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated activation of mitochondria-associated nuclear factor-kappaB in prostatic carcinoma cell lines.
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Heart mitochondria signaling pathways: appraisal of an emerging field
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“The thyroid hormone (TH) receptor Erb-Aa, which was identified as an “orphan” receptor [85, 86] involved in interacting with mtDNA during targeted hormonal stimulation (Fig.”
Background
Differential distribution of glucocorticoid and estrogen receptor isoforms: localization of GRbeta and ERalpha in nucleoli and GRalpha and ERbeta in the mitochondria of human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 and hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cell lines.
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Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
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“[ 112 ] suggests the integration of neurohormonal demands with corresponding energy supply at the cellular level.”
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Downregulation of ATP Synthase Subunit-6, Cytochrome c Oxidase-III, and NADH Dehydrogenase-3 by Bright Cyclic Light in the Rat Retina
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Tyrosine kinase mediated phosphorylation of the hexamerin receptor in the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica by ecdysteroids
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The mitochondrion as a primary site of action of regulatory agents involved in neuroimmunomodulation
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Circadian and age‐related changes in stress responsiveness of the adrenal cortex and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in female rhesus monkeys
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Response characteristics of the mitochondrial DNA genome in developmental health and disease
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“The presence of steroid hormone response elements and recent localization of hormonal receptors in the mitochondria, particularly receptors for estrogen, thyroid, and glucocorticoid (46,47,48,49) has provided new insight into the regulation of mitochondrial genome transcription and mitochondrial biogenesis.”
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Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense and Thyroid Hormone Signaling: A Focus on Cardioprotective Effects
Sabatino, L. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12061177 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“It is believed that TH and steroid hormones can coordinate OXPHOS nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression and protein biosynthesis, in both normal and pathological contexts, in order to regulate energy metabolism [20].”
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Proteomic analysis of the mitochondrial glucocorticoid receptor interacting proteins reveals pyruvate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial 60 kDa heat shock protein as potent binding partners
Karra, A. G., Sioutopoulou, A., Gorgogietas, V. A., Samiotaki, M. K., Panayotou, G., & Psarra, A. G. (2022) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104509 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) Seeds Intake Increases Energy Expenditure and Reduces Fat Mass in Mice by Modulating Neural Circuits That Regulate Adipose Tissue Lipolysis and Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism in Liver and Skeletal Muscle
Delgadillo-Puga, C., Torre-Villalvazo, I., Cariño-Cervantes, Y. Y., García-Luna, C., Soberanes-Chávez, P., de Gortari, P., Noriega, L. G., Bautista, C. J., & Cisneros‐Zevallos, L. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24043909 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Molecular interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and MAPK signaling pathway: a novel link in modulating the anti-inflammatory role of glucocorticoids.
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Identification of mitochondrial hormone receptors in avian muscle cells
Lassiter, K., Dridi, S., Greene, E. S., Kong, B. C., & Bottje, W. G. (2018) · Poultry Science · doi:10.3382/ps/pey126 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mitochondrial activity, embryogenesis, and the dialogue between the big and little brains of the cell
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Significance of the 19‐kDa hemolymph protein HP19 for the development of the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica: morphological and biochemical effects caused by antibody application
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The relationship of mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of insulin resistance in Cushing’s syndrome
Ježková, J., Ďurovcová, V., Wenchich, L., Hansíková, H., Zeman, J., Hána, V., Marek, J., Lacinová, Z., Haluzı́k, M., & Kršek, M. (2019) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s209095 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Glucocorticoid Hormones in Aging
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Quantitative proteomic profile analysis of thyroid dysfunction effects on seminal vesicles and repercussions on male fertility
Corrêa, D. E. D. C., Bargi‐Souza, P., de Oliveira, I. M., et al. (2023) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2023.112048 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Role of Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) in the Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFkB) and Its Implications for Biological Systems: The Question of Balance
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Heart Mitochondria: A Receiver and Integrator of Signals
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Retracted: Mitochondria, the missing link between body and soul: Proteomic prospective evidence
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“…ending up with orchestrated cellular commitment that crosses over cellular barriers to other related cells, e.g., via connexin-related gap junction regulation [4], or being submissive to supreme paracrine signaling as recently elucidated by localization of hormonal receptors in mitochondria [5, 6].”
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Retracted
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Authors: Scheller, K., Seibel, P., & Sekerist, C. E.
Affiliations: University of Würzburg (DE)
National Hellenic Research Foundation (GR)
Venue: International review of cytology
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2003
Volume: 222
Pages: 1-61
ISSN: 0074-7696 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(02)22011-2
OpenAlex: W1537212764
Semantic Scholar: 4f679af811240de8b0f92b343d08f69954a1be41
Cited by: 73
References: 254
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 11.39
Type: book chapter
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: International review of cytology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
National Hellenic Research Foundation Helios Repository (National Hellenic Research Foundation) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Keywords: glucocorticoid receptor, thyroid hormone receptor, mitochondrial receptors, mitochondrial transcription, oxidative phosphorylation, energy metabolism, hormone response elements, transcriptional regulation
MeSH terms: Animals, Cell Nucleus, Glucocorticoids, Mitochondria, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Receptors, Thyroid Hormone, Thyroid Hormones, Transcription, Genetic, Genome

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Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors in mitochondria of animal cells

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