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Chapter 12 Potassium currents in hippocampal pyramidal cells

Storm, Johan F.·1990·Progress in Brain Research
DOI 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61248-0
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Abstract

The hippocampal pyramidal cells provide an example of how multiple potassium (K) currents co-exist and function in central mammalian neurones. The data come from CA1 and CA3 neurones in hippocampal slices, cell cultures and acutely dissociated cells from rats and guinea-pigs. Six voltage- or calcium(Ca)-dependent K currents have so far been described in CA1 pyramidal cells in slices. Four of them (IA, ID, IK, IM) are activated by depolarization alone; the two others (IC, IAHP) are activated by voltage-dependent influx of Ca ions (IC may be both Ca- and voltage-gated). In addition, a transient Ca-dependent K current (ICT) has been described in certain preparations, but it is not yet clear whether it is distinct from IC and IA. (1) IA activates fast (within 10 ms) and inactivates rapidly (time constant typically 15-50 ms) at potentials positive to -60 mV; it probably contributes to early spike-repolarization, it can delay the first spike for about 0.1 s, and may regulate repetitive firing. (2) ID activates within about 20 ms but inactivates slowly (seconds) below the spike threshold (-90 to -60 mV), causing a long delay (0.5-5 s) in the onset of firing. Due to its slow recovery from inactivation (seconds), separate depolarizing inputs can be "integrated". ID probably also participates in spike repolarization. (3) IK activates slowly (time constant, tau, 20-60 ms) in response to depolarizations positive to -40 mV and inactivates (tau about 5s) at -80 to -40 mV; it probably participates in spike repolarization. (4) IM activates slowly (tau about 50 ms) positive to -60 mV and does not inactivate; it tends to attenuate excitatory inputs, it reduces the firing rate during maintained depolarization (adaptation) and contributes to the medium after-hyperpolarization (mAHP); IM is suppressed by acetylcholine (via muscarinic receptors), but may be enhanced by somatostatin. (5) IC is activated by influx of Ca ions during the action potential and is thought to cause the final spike repolarization and the fast AHP (although ICT may be involved). Like IM, it also contributes to the medium AHP and early adaptation. It differs from IAHP by being sensitive to tetraethylammonium (TEA, 1 mM), but insensitive to noradrenaline and muscarine. Large-conductance (BK; about 200 pS) Ca-activated K channels, which may mediate IC, have been recorded. (6) IAHP is slowly activated by Ca-influx during action potentials, causing spike-frequency adaptation and the slow AHP. Thus, IAHP exerts a strong negative feedback control of discharge activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Authors
Storm, J. F.
Corresponding author
Storm, Johan F.
ORCID
Storm, Johan F.
Venue
Progress in Brain Research
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
1990
Volume
83
Pages
161-187
ISSN
0079-6123 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61248-0
OpenAlex
W1570612396
Cited by
743
References
202
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 14
FWCI
12.29
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Progress in brain research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Norges Forskningsråd
  • Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
Keywords
potassium currents, hippocampal pyramidal neurons, CA1, CA3, transient outward potassium current, calcium-activated potassium current, afterhyperpolarization, neural adaptation, acetylcholine, muscarinic receptors, somatostatin, repetitive firing, neural integration
MeSH terms
Animals, Guinea Pigs, Hippocampus, Membrane Potentials, Potassium, Rats, In Vitro Techniques

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