Nibrin, a Novel DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Protein, Is Mutated in Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome
Open accessAbstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is an autosomal recessive chromosomal instability syndrome characterized by microcephaly, growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and cancer predisposition. Cells from NBS patients are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation with cytogenetic features indistinguishable from ataxia telangiectasia. We describe the positional cloning of a gene encoding a novel protein, nibrin. It contains two modules found in cell cycle checkpoint proteins, a forkhead-associated domain adjacent to a breast cancer carboxy-terminal domain. A truncating 5 bp deletion was identified in the majority of NBS patients, carrying a conserved marker haplotype. Five further truncating mutations were identified in patients with other distinct haplotypes. The domains found in nibrin and the NBS phenotype suggest that this disorder is caused by defective responses to DNA double-strand breaks.
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Patients with congenital mutations in DNA repair proteins such as NBS1 and ATM have increased chromosomal fragility and increased incidence of tumor formation.
“This is evident in patients with congenital mutations in DNA repair proteins, such as NBS1 and ATM. Cells from these patients have increased chromosomal fragility, and the patients themselves have an increased incidence of tumor formation.10,16,17”
From Mdmx promotes genomic instability independent of p53 and Mdm2 (2015) · cites this paper as [16]
ATG7, DNA2, and NBN encode DNA damage repair proteins in the DNA damage response, including homology-directed repair and non-homologous end joining for double-strand breaks.
“ATG7 is an autophagy-related protein [136] which can modulate p53-dependent cell cycle pathways during prolonged stress [78] and plays a critical role in homology-directed repair (HDR) of DSBs [46]. Similarly, DNA2 encodes a HDR DNA repair protein for repair of DSBs [62] and NBN encodes a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair protein for repair of DSBs [158].”
From Early onset senescence and cognitive impairment in a murine model of repeated mTBI (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
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- Authors
- Varon, R., Vissinga, C., Platzer, M., Cerosaletti, K. M., Chrzanowska, K. H., Saar, K., Beckmann, G., Seemanová, E., Cooper, P. R., Nowak, N. J., Stumm, M., Weemaes, C. M. R., Gatti, R. A., Wilson, R. K., Digweed, M., Rosenthal, A., Sperling, K., Concannon, P., & Reis, A.
- Affiliations
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- University of Washington (US)
- Max Delbrück Center (DE)
- Charles University (CZ)
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Reis, André
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-05
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 467-476
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2152054208
- Cited by
- 1,079
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 23.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hg000333-24, 5r01ca063333-06)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (HG-00333)
- National Cancer Institute (CA 57569, R01CA057569, CA63333)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Keywords
- NBS1, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, DNA double-strand break repair, chromosomal instability, ataxia telangiectasia, cell cycle checkpoint proteins, forkhead-associated domain, truncating mutations, haplotypes, cancer susceptibility, immunodeficiency
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Chromosome Aberrations, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8, Cloning, Molecular, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Female, Genes, Recessive, Humans, Male, Microcephaly, Molecular Sequence Data, Nuclear Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Syndrome, Linkage Disequilibrium, Sequence Deletion, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Founder Effect, Cell Cycle Proteins, Chromosome Breakage, Chromosome Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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