Cited by 211Sirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineNuclear Receptors and SignalingNeurological Disorders and Treatments

Protective effects and mechanisms of sirtuins in the nervous system

Open access
Zhang, Feng, Wang, Suping, Gan, Li, Vosler, Peter S., Gao, Yanqin, Zigmond, Michael J., Chen, Jun·2011·Progress in Neurobiology

Abstract

Silent information regulator two proteins (sirtuins or SIRTs) are a group of histone deacetylases whose activities are dependent on and regulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)). They suppress genome-wide transcription, yet upregulate a select set of proteins related to energy metabolism and pro-survival mechanisms, and therefore play a key role in the longevity effects elicited by calorie restriction. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of sirtuins has been reported for both acute and chronic neurological diseases. The focus of this review is to summarize the latest progress regarding the protective effects of sirtuins, with a focus on SIRT1. We first introduce the distribution of sirtuins in the brain and how their expression and activity are regulated. We then highlight their protective effects against common neurological disorders, such as cerebral ischemia, axonal injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. Finally, we analyze the mechanisms underlying sirtuin-mediated neuroprotection, centering on their non-histone substrates such as DNA repair enzymes, protein kinases, transcription factors, and coactivators. Collectively, the information compiled here will serve as a comprehensive reference for the actions of sirtuins in the nervous system to date, and will hopefully help to design further experimental research and expand sirtuins as therapeutic targets in the future.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.09.001

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  • SIRT1 transcription decreases in the aged brain, worsening pathological protein aggregation and neuron loss and sharply increasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.

    “SIRT1 transcription decreases in the aged brain,121 worsening pathological protein aggregation and neuron loss and sharply increasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.122,123”

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Authors
Zhang, F., Wang, S., Gan, L., Vosler, P. S., Gao, Y., Zigmond, M. J., & Chen, J.
Affiliations
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author
  • Zhang, Feng
  • Chen, Jun
Venue
Progress in Neurobiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-11
Volume
95
Issue
3
Pages
373-395
ISSN
0301-0082 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2067554187
Cited by
211
References
332
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
FWCI
1.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Progress in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 45048, NS43802, R01NS062157, NS 36736, R01NS070825, R01NS056118, R01NS045048, R01NS043802, R01NS036736, NS62157)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disorders and Treatments
Keywords
sirtuins, SIRT1, neuroprotection, histone deacetylase, NAD+, neurological disorders, cerebral ischemia, axonal injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, DNA repair, protein kinases, transcription factors, transcriptional coactivator, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain Chemistry, Cell Nucleus, Cytosol, Gene Expression Regulation, Histone Deacetylases, Humans, Longevity, Mitochondria, Nervous System Physiological Phenomena, Neuroprotective Agents, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Caloric Restriction, Sirtuins, Sirtuin 1

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