DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints and DNA strand break repair in development and tumorigenesis
Abstract
Several newly identified tumor suppressor genes including ATM, NBS1, BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR) and DNA damage-induced checkpoint activation. Many of the gene products involved in checkpoint control and DSBR have been studied in great detail in yeast. In addition to evolutionarily conserved proteins such as Chk1 and Chk2, studies in mammalian cells have identified novel proteins such as p53 in executing checkpoint control. DSBR proteins including Mre11, Rad50, Rad51, Rad54, and Ku are present in yeast and in mammals. Many of the tumor suppressor gene products interact with these repair proteins as well as checkpoint regulators, thus providing a biochemical explanation for the pleiotropic phenotypes of mutant cells. This review focuses on the proteins mediating G1/S, S, and G2/M checkpoint control in mammalian cells. In addition, mammalian DSBR proteins and their activities are discussed. An intricate network among DNA damage signal transducers, cell cycle regulators and the DSBR pathways is illustrated. Mouse knockout models for genes involved in these processes have provided valuable insights into their function, establishing genomic instability as a major contributing factor in tumorigenesis.
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Exposure to UV radiation may disturb proper cell cycle progression.
“Exposure to UV radiation may disturb proper cell cycle progression.”
From Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
The G1-S and intra-S checkpoints prevent replication of damaged DNA, while G2-M protects against segregation of damaged DNA to daughter cells.
“The G1-S and intra-S checkpoints prevent the replication of damaged DNA, while the G2-M checkpoint protects against segregation of damaged DNA to daughter cells [60].”
From Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
In cases of UV damage, ATR kinase plays a key role in initiation of subsequent events such as phosphorylation of p53 (G1-S) or Chk1 (G2/M).
“In cases of UV damage, ATR kinase plays a key role in the initiation of subsequent events such as the phosphorylation of p53 (G1-S) or Chk1(G2/M), as was previously mentioned in Section 7.3) [60].”
From Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
Of many checkpoints, three are the most important: G1-S, intra-S, and G2-M.
“Of many checkpoints, three are the most important—G1-S, intra-S, and G2-M.”
From Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
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Mechanisms for DNA Double-Strand Break Repair in Eukaryotes
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Cellular Responses to DNA Damage and Human Chromosome Instability Syndromes
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Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cellular processing of platinum anticancer drugs
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ATM: Genome stability, neuronal development, and cancer cross paths
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BRCA locus-specific loss of heterozygosity in germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers
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Focus on UV-Induced DNA Damage and Repair—Disease Relevance and Protective Strategies
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“The G1-S and intra-S checkpoints prevent the replication of damaged DNA, while the G2-M checkpoint protects against segregation of damaged DNA to daughter cells [60].”
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CYP11A1 in skin: an alternative route to photoprotection by vitamin D compounds
Tongkao-on, W., Carter, S., Reeve, V. E., Dixon, K. M., Gordon-Thomson, C., Halliday, G. M., Tuckey, R. C., & Mason, R. S. (2015) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.11.015 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dasika, G. K., Lin, S.-C. J., Zhao, S., Sung, P., Tomkinson, A., & Lee, E. Y.-H. P.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Venue
- Oncogene
- Published
- 1999-12-20
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 55
- Pages
- 7883-7899
- ISSN
- 0950-9232 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5594
- OpenAlex
- W2052801384
- Cited by
- 427
- References
- 199
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 13.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oncogene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (1R01NS378381)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Keywords
- DNA damage response, cell cycle checkpoints, DNA double-strand break repair, tumor suppressor, ATM, NBS1, BRCA1, BRCA2, Chk1, Chk2, p53, MRE11, RAD50, RAD51, Rad54, Ku protein, genomic instability, carcinogenesis, mouse knockout models, G1/S checkpoint, G2/M checkpoint
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Cycle, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Humans, Mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Signal Transduction, Mice, Knockout, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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