Outdoor air pollution and asthma.

Guarnieri, Michael; Balmes, John R

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60617-6

Cited by 1,889Air Quality and Health ImpactsAsthma and respiratory diseasesIndoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure

Outdoor air pollution and asthma.

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Guarnieri, Michael, Balmes, John R·2014·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60617-6PMC PMC4465283

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Abstract

Traffic and power generation are the main sources of urban air pollution. The idea that outdoor air pollution can cause exacerbations of pre-existing asthma is supported by an evidence base that has been accumulating for several decades, with several studies suggesting a contribution to new-onset asthma as well. In this Series paper, we discuss the effects of particulate matter (PM), gaseous pollutants (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulphur dioxide), and mixed traffic-related air pollution. We focus on clinical studies, both epidemiological and experimental, published in the previous 5 years. From a mechanistic perspective, air pollutants probably cause oxidative injury to the airways, leading to inflammation, remodelling, and increased risk of sensitisation. Although several pollutants have been linked to new-onset asthma, the strength of the evidence is variable. We also discuss clinical implications, policy issues, and research gaps relevant to air pollution and asthma.

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PAHs, major components of PM2.5, easily penetrate the skin in animal models because of their lipophilic nature.
“Furthermore, it has been reported that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), major components of PM2.5, easily penetrate the skin in animal models because of their lipophilic nature (1, 8–10).”
From Particulate matter causes skin barrier dysfunction. (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
The Particulate matter section identifies PAHs as constituents of particulate matter, but does not call them major components of PM2.5. The paper does not report that PAHs penetrate animal skin or attribute such penetration to their lipophilic nature; its animal-model discussion in the Mechanisms section concerns airway inflammation instead. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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[10]Health Effects Institute Panel on the Health Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution Traffic-related air pollution: a critical review of the literature on emissions, exposure, and health effects Boston, MA Health Effects Institute 2010

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“with industrialization and urbanization (1-3).”
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Untitled work
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Authors: Guarnieri, M., & Balmes, J. R.
Affiliations: University of California, San Francisco (US)
ORCID: Balmes, John R
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-05
Volume: 383
Issue: 9928
Pages: 1581-1592
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60617-6
PMC: PMC4465283
OpenAlex: W2083753594
Cited by: 1,889
References: 137
Citations by year: 2026: 104 · 2025: 185 · 2024: 197 · 2023: 210 · 2022: 219 · 2021: 233 · 2020: 222 · 2019: 171 · 2018: 137 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3
FWCI: 7.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007185)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
Keywords: outdoor air pollution, asthma, particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, traffic-related air pollution, new-onset asthma, asthma exacerbations, airway inflammation, airway remodeling, air quality policy
MeSH terms: Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Asthma, Vehicle Emissions, Environmental Exposure, Gases, Health Policy, Humans, Risk Factors, Particulate Matter

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