DNA methylation and chromatin modification
Abstract
DNA methylation and chromatin modification are two global mechanisms that regulate gene expression. Recent studies provide insight into the mechanism of transcriptional silencing by a methyl-CpG binding protein, MeCP2. MeCP2 is shown to interact with the Sin3/histone deacetylase co-repressor complex. Thus, this interaction can provide a mechanistic explanation for the long-known relationship between DNA methylation and chromatin structure. Moreover, several studies have shown that inhibition of histone deacetylases by specific inhibitors can reactivate endogenous genes or reporter constructs previously silenced by DNA methylation. Taken together, the data strongly suggest that DNA methylation can pattern chromatin modification.
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Methylation of CpG islands in a gene's promoter region may downregulate or transcriptionally silence that gene's expression.
“If the CpG islands of the promoter region for a particular gene are methylated, the expression of that gene may be downregulated or transcriptionally silenced;”
From Altered genome-wide methylation in endometriosis (2014) · cites this paper as [20]
Unmethylated CpG islands in a gene's promoter region are typically associated with higher expression of that gene.
“in contrast, if the CpG islands in the promoter region remain unmethylated, the gene is typically more highly expressed.20,21”
From Altered genome-wide methylation in endometriosis (2014) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Ng, H.-H., & Adrian, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ng, Huck-Hui
- ORCID
- Ng, Huck-Hui
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 158-163
- ISSN
- 0959-437X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2081195534
- Cited by
- 648
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 4.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Genetics & Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cancer-related gene regulation
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, chromatin modification, MeCP2, methyl-CpG binding proteins, transcriptional silencing, histone deacetylase inhibitors, chromatin structure, epigenetic regulation
- MeSH terms
- Acetylation, Animals, Chromatin, Histones, Humans, Down-Regulation, DNA Methylation
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