The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Complexity and coherency: integrating information in the brain
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex
Felleman, D. J., & Van Essen, D. C. (1991) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/1.1.1 · Cited by 7,783
Gray, C. M., König, P., Engel, A. K., & Singer, W. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/338334a0 · Cited by 4,183
Tononi, G., Sporns, O., & Edelman, G. M. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.11.5033 · Cited by 1,626
Self-citationRoffwarg, H. P., Muzio, J. N., & Dement, W. C. (1966) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.152.3722.604 · Cited by 1,559
Episodic multiregional cortical coherence at multiple frequencies during visual task performance
Bressler, S. L., Coppola, R., & Nakamura, R. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/366153a0 · Cited by 533
Competition in Retinogeniculate Patterning Driven by Spontaneous Activity
Penn, A. A., Riquelme, P. A., Feller, M. B., & Shatz, C. J. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5359.2108 · Cited by 514
Marrosu, F., Portas, C., Mascia, M. S., Casu, M. A., Fà, M., Giagheddu, M., Imperato, A., & Gessa, G. L. (1995) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)01399-3 · Cited by 480
Steriade, M. (1997) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/7.6.583 · Cited by 429
Functional clustering: identifying strongly interactive brain regions in neuroimaging data
Tononi, G., McIntosh, A. R., Russell, D. P., & Edelman, G. M. (1998) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0313 · Cited by 283
Self-citationA complexity measure for selective matching of signals by the brain.
Tononi, G., Sporns, O., & Edelman, G. M. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.8.3422 · Cited by 191
Self-citation
Cited by
The Human Connectome: A Structural Description of the Human Brain
Sporns, O., Tononi, G., & Kötter, R. (2005) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010042 · Cited by 3,260
Self-citationAchard, S., Salvador, R., Whitcher, B., Suckling, J., & Bullmore, E. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3874-05.2006 · Cited by 2,393
Tononi, G., & Cirelli, C. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.025 · Cited by 2,356
Self-citationOrganization, development and function of complex brain networks
SPORNS, O., CHIALVO, D., KAISER, M., & HILGETAG, C. (2004) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2004.07.008 · Cited by 2,055
Tononi, G. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5395.1846 · Cited by 1,561
Self-citationIdentification and classification of hubs in brain networks
Sporns, O., Honey, C. J., & Kötter, R. (2007) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001049 · Cited by 1,165
Scaling Brain Size, Keeping Timing: Evolutionary Preservation of Brain Rhythms
Buzsáki, G., Logothetis, N., & Singer, W. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.10.002 · Cited by 886
Rethinking segregation and integration: contributions of whole-brain modelling
Deco, G., Tononi, G., Boly, M., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2015) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3963 · Cited by 658
Self-citationMeasures of degeneracy and redundancy in biological networks
Tononi, G., Sporns, O., & Edelman, G. M. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.6.3257 · Cited by 632
Self-citationSiegel, E. H., Sands, M. K., Van den Noortgate, W., Condon, P., Chang, Y., Dy, J., Quigley, K. S., & Barrett, L. F. (2018) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000128 · Cited by 515
Partial correlation for functional brain interactivity investigation in functional MRI
Marrelec, G., Krainik, A., Duffau, H., Pélégrini-Issac, M., Lehéricy, S., Doyon, J., & Benali, H. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.057 · Cited by 488
Hillebrand, A., Barnes, G. R., Bosboom, J. L., Berendse, H. W., & Stam, C. J. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.005 · Cited by 416
Convergence of biological and psychological perspectives on cognitive coordination in schizophrenia
Phillips, W. A., & Silverstein, S. M. (2003) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x03000025 · Cited by 445
Exploring the network dynamics underlying brain activity during rest
Cabral, J., Kringelbach, M. L., & Deco, G. (2014) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.12.005 · Cited by 351
Measuring information integration
Tononi, G., & Sporns, O. (2003) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-4-31 · Cited by 294
Self-citationEkstrom, A. D., Arnold, A. E. G. F., & Iaria, G. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00803 · Cited by 263
The implications of brain connectivity in the neuropsychology of autism
Maximo, J. O., Cadena, E. J., & Kana, R. K. (2014) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-014-9250-0 · Cited by 259
Changes in the interaction of resting-state neural networks from adolescence to adulthood
Stevens, M. C., Pearlson, G. D., & Calhoun, V. D. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20673 · Cited by 256
Nonlinear synchronization in EEG and whole‐head MEG recordings of healthy subjects
Stam, C. J., Breakspear, M., van Walsum, A. V. C., & van Dijk, B. W. (2003) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.10106 · Cited by 174
Applying global workspace theory to the frame problem
Shanahan, M., & Baars, B. (2005) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2004.11.007 · Cited by 149
Bosma, I., Douw, L., Bartolomei, F., Heimans, J. J., van Dijk, B. W., Postma, T. J., Stam, C. J., Reijneveld, J. C., & Klein, M. (2008) · Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1215/15228517-2008-034 · Cited by 145
Information decomposition and the informational architecture of the brain
Luppi, A. I., Rosas, F. E., Mediano, P. A. M., Menon, D. K., & Stamatakis, E. A. (2024) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2023.11.005 · Cited by 140
The biological function of consciousness
Earl, B. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00697 · Cited by 117
The timing of the cognitive cycle
Madl, T., Baars, B. J., & Franklin, S. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014803 · Cited by 116
Multivariate information theory uncovers synergistic subsystems of the human cerebral cortex
Varley, T. F., Pope, M., Faskowitz, J., & Sporns, O. (2023) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-023-04843-w · Cited by 101
The complex brain: connectivity, dynamics, information
Sporns, O. (2022) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2022.08.002 · Cited by 94
Self-citationGlobal Workspace Theory, its LIDA model and the underlying neuroscience
Franklin, S., Strain, S., Snaider, J., McCall, R., & Faghihi, U. (2012) · Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures · doi:10.1016/j.bica.2012.04.001 · Cited by 47
Freitas da Rocha, A., Pereira, A., & Bezerra Coutinho, F. A. (2001) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00069-1 · Cited by 41
The Female Heart: Sex Differences in the Dynamics of ECG in Response to Stress
Adjei, T., Xue, J., & Mandic, D. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01616 · Cited by 37
Levin, M. (2025) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.202400196 · Cited by 34
The brain's best kept secret is its degenerate structure
Albantakis, L., Bernard, C., Brenner, N., Marder, E., & Narayanan, R. (2024) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1339-24.2024 · Cited by 34
Altered predictive capability of the brain network EEG model in schizophrenia during cognition
Gomez-Pilar, J., Poza, J., Gómez, C., Northoff, G., Lubeiro, A., Cea-Cañas, B. B., Molina, V., & Hornero, R. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.04.043 · Cited by 32
The multiple, interacting levels of cognitive systems (MILCS) perspective on group cognition
Goldstone, R. L., & Theiner, G. (2017) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2017.1295635 · Cited by 31
Degeneracy in the nervous system: From neuronal excitability to neural coding
Kamaleddin, M. A. (2022) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.202100148 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Tononi, G.
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-12-01
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 474-484
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2164220333
- Cited by
- 718
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 3.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
