Clinical aspects of thyroid function during ageing
Abstract
Globally, populations are ageing at a rapid rate. The increase in the number of older citizens is accompanied by an increased prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, one of the most common disorders in older people. However, the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction in older people is hindered by several factors, including the scarcity of thyroid dysfunction symptoms in older people. We describe the physiological changes in thyroid function that occur with increasing age, focusing on literature regarding changes in thyroid function test results in older populations. We also discuss treatment considerations for clinical and subclinical thyroid dysfunction according to international guidelines for older people. Finally, we discuss the relationship between variations in thyroid function and common diseases of old age including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cognitive impairment, and frailty and suggest directions for future research.
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Hypothyroidism is common globally and increases in prevalence with age.
“hypothyroidism is common globally and increases in prevalence with age [22, 23].”
From Age-related variation in thyroid function – a narrative review highlighting important implications for research and clinical practice (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
The hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis is altered with age and older individuals have been shown to exhibit a blunted TSH response to thyroid hormone deficiency.
“The hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis is altered with age and older individuals have been shown to exhibit a blunted TSH response to thyroid hormone deficiency [4, 23].”
From Age-related variation in thyroid function – a narrative review highlighting important implications for research and clinical practice (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
Evidence from animal and human studies show that thyroid function declines with age.
“Evidence from animal and human studies show that thyroid function declines with age [23].”
From Age-related variation in thyroid function – a narrative review highlighting important implications for research and clinical practice (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
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Duarte, G. C., Araújo, L. M. Q., Filho, F. M., Filho, C. D. M. A., & Cendoroglo, M. S. (2016) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000223 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Taylor, P. N., Lansdown, A., Witczak, J., Khan, R., Rees, A., Dayan, C. M., & Okosieme, O. (2023) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/s13044-023-00149-5 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“These considerations have implications for clinical practice as hypothyroidism is common globally and increases in prevalence with age [22, 23].”
BackgroundThe Genetic Basis of Thyroid Function: Novel Findings and New Approaches
Kuś, A., Chaker, L., Teumer, A., Peeters, R. P., & Medici, M. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz225 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationLevothyroxine sodium pentahydrate tablets – formulation considerations
Kaur, N., & Suryanarayanan, R. (2021) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2021.08.006 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chaker, L., Cappola, A. R., Mooijaart, S. P., & Peeters, R. P.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Peeters, Robin P
- Venue
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 733-742
- ISSN
- 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2884255175
- Semantic Scholar
- d6216151ef3f80590ef5e2a1725807c6c4f7a87f
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- thyroid function, aging, older adults, thyroid dysfunction, subclinical hypothyroidism, thyroid function tests, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cognitive impairment, frailty, treatment guidelines
- MeSH terms
- Frailty, Aging, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dementia, Depression, Humans, Osteoporosis, Quality of Life, Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Function Tests, Thyroid Gland, Prevalence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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