Nutritional intervention in patients with periodontal disease: Clinical, immunological and microbiological variables during 12 months
Open accessAbstract
The role of nutrition in onset, progression and treatment of periodontitis has not been thoroughly evaluated. In the present prospective clinical study, we investigated the influence of a nutritional intervention on changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological periodontal variables during a period of 12 months in patients with the metabolic syndrome and chronic periodontitis. Twenty female subjects with the metabolic syndrome and mild to moderate chronic periodontitis participated in a guided nutritional intervention programme. Examinations were assessed before, and at 2 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months after intervention. Clinical measurements included probing depth, Löe and Silness gingival index and Quigley-Hein plaque index. In gingival crevicular fluid, periodontopathogens, levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 as well as the activity of granulocyte elastase were determined. In stimulated saliva, antioxidative and oxidative variables were measured. After 12 months the following significant changes could be observed: reduction of clinical probing depth (2.40 v. 2.20 mm; P < 0.001), reduction of gingival inflammation (gingival index 1.13 v. 0.9; P < 0.001), reduced concentrations of IL-1beta (4.63 v. 1.10 pg/ml per site; P < 0.001) as well as IL-6 (1.85 v. 0.34 pg/ml per site; P = 0.022) in gingival crevicular fluid. Bacterial counts in gingival crevicular fluid as well as oxidative and antioxidative variables in saliva showed no significant changes. Only salivary catalase showed a tendency to lower values. These findings indicate that in patients with the metabolic syndrome wholesome nutrition might reduce inflammatory variables of periodontal disease and promote periodontal health.
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A diet abundant in complex carbohydrates, with no increase in total energy intake, may lower the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis.
“Recent evidence suggests that consumption of high-glycemic foods alone might increase gingival and periodontal inflammation and bleeding as well, while a diet abundant in complex carbohydrates, with no increase in total energy intake, may lower the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis [72,73,74,75,76,77].”
From A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System’s Response during Periodontitis (2022) · cites this paper as [76]
Consumption of high-glycemic foods alone might increase gingival and periodontal inflammation and bleeding.
“Recent evidence suggests that consumption of high-glycemic foods alone might increase gingival and periodontal inflammation and bleeding as well, while a diet abundant in complex carbohydrates, with no increase in total energy intake, may lower the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis [72,73,74,75,76,77].”
From A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System’s Response during Periodontitis (2022) · cites this paper as [76]
Slomka et al. identified two prebiotics, beta-methyl-d-galactoside and N-acetyl-d-mannosamine, which could be used in the promotion of bacteria associated with oral health.
“In a recent study, Slomka et al. identified two prebiotics, beta-methyl-d-galactoside and N-acetyl-d-mannosamine, which could be used in the promotion of bacteria associated with oral health [76].”
From A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System’s Response during Periodontitis (2022) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- Jenzsch, A., Eick, S., Rassoul, F., Purschwitz, R., & Jentsch, H.
- Affiliations
- Leipzig University (DE)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Jenzsch, Axel
- Venue
- British Journal Of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2008-08-20
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 879-885
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2118660819
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Oral and gingival health research
- Keywords
- dietary intervention, chronic periodontitis, metabolic syndrome, periodontal inflammation, gingival crevicular fluid, IL-1β, interleukin-6, probing depth, periodontal pathogens
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Catalase, Diet, Female, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Glutathione Peroxidase, Humans, Middle Aged, Peroxidase, Periodontal Index, Prospective Studies, Saliva, Colony Count, Microbial, Lipid Peroxidation, Biomarkers, Linear Models, Bacteroidaceae Infections, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Metabolic Syndrome, Nutrition Therapy, Chronic Periodontitis
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