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Cited by 54Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchNutritional Studies and DietDental Health and Care Utilization

Chapter 13: Diet and periodontal diseases

Woelber, Johan P., Tennert, Christian·2020·Monographs in Oral Science
DOI 10.1159/000455380
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Abstract

Due to the increasing focus on host inflammatory processes with regard to the aetiology of periodontal disease, diet has become an important factor in host modulation. Recent investigations showed that the industrialized western diet, which is characterized by highly processed foods (processed carbohydrates like sugar, white flour, and processed fatty acids like trans fats) and a low micronutrient density, promotes gingival and periodontal inflammation. On the other hand, a plant-based diet rich in low-glycaemic, complex carbohydrates (like in fruits, vegetables, legumes), Omega-3 fatty acids, micronutrients (like vitamins, minerals), phytochemicals, plant nitrates, and fibres seems to bring benefits as well for periodontal inflammation as for caries, and general health. This chapter aims to present the underlying studies and possible mechanisms.

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  • Complex, low-glycemic, non-processed, and typically fiber-rich carbohydrates (such as fruits, whole grains, vegetables, and legumes) are usually healthy.

    “Complex, low-glycemic, non-processed, and typically fiber-rich carbohydrates (such as fruits, whole grains, vegetables, and legumes) are usually healthy, while fermentable, high-glycemic, processed, and usually fiber-poor carbohydrates (such as refined sugar, white wheat flour, and sugar-sweetened beverages) have the potential to contribute to chronic inflammation [66,67,68].”

    From A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System’s Response during Periodontitis (2022) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Fermentable, high-glycemic, processed, and usually fiber-poor carbohydrates (such as refined sugar, white wheat flour, and sugar-sweetened beverages) have the potential to contribute to chronic inflammation.

    “Complex, low-glycemic, non-processed, and typically fiber-rich carbohydrates (such as fruits, whole grains, vegetables, and legumes) are usually healthy, while fermentable, high-glycemic, processed, and usually fiber-poor carbohydrates (such as refined sugar, white wheat flour, and sugar-sweetened beverages) have the potential to contribute to chronic inflammation [66,67,68].”

    From A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System’s Response during Periodontitis (2022) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Recent data indicate that the oral microbiome influences the dietary preferences of its host.

    “While diet influences the oral microbiome,22, 24, 26 recent data indicate that the oral microbiome influences the dietary preferences of its host.”

    From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [26]

  • Processed carbohydrate consumption has been associated with increased incidence of periodontal disease.

    “Moreover, processed carbohydrate consumption has been associated with increased incidence of periodontal disease.8, 24, 26, 181, 188, 251”

    From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [26]

  • Reduced consumption of processed carbohydrate significantly altered the proportions of microbes in supragingival plaque and salivary samples, reducing numbers of S mitis, Granulicatella adiacens, Actinomyces species, and Fusobacterium species.

    “a study by Woelber and Tennert26 found that reduced consumption of processed carbohydrate significantly altered the proportions of microbes in supragingival plaque and salivary samples, such that the numbers of S mitis, Granulicatella adiacens, Actinomyces species, and Fusobacterium species were reduced.”

    From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [26]

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Authors
Woelber, J. P., & Tennert, C.
Affiliations
  • University of Freiburg (DE)
  • University of Bern (CH)
ORCID
Venue
Monographs in Oral Science
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2019-11-07
Volume
28
Pages
125-133
ISSN
  • 0077-0892 (ISSN-L)
  • 1662-3843
DOI
10.1159/000455380
OpenAlex
W2987237415
Semantic Scholar
58cf6fd1ee2b4227275b5ccccdf9223ba60b8950
Cited by
54
References
78
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 6
FWCI
18.90
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Monographs in oral science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
Keywords
diet, periodontal disease, gingivitis, Western diet, processed foods, sugar, trans fatty acids, plant-based diet, omega-3 fatty acids, micronutrients, phytochemicals, dietary fiber, dental caries, host immune response
MeSH terms
Diet, Humans, Periodontal Diseases, Vegetables, Vitamins, Micronutrients

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